Monaco GP[a] is an arcade racing game released by Sega in November 1979 in Japan, and January 1980 worldwide. An upgraded version, Pro Monaco GP, was released later in 1980. One of the last Sega games to use TTL chips instead of a microprocessor CPU, the game has players race against a clock and pass rival racers while attempting to earn points driving through five areas.
The game was commercially successful in arcades. In Japan, it was among the top three highest-grossing games of 1979 and top five in 1980, while in the United States it was the top-grossing driving game of 1981. It continued to regularly appear on Japanese arcade charts through 1983, and made a record number of appearances on US arcade charts from 1980 through 1987. Monaco GP was ported to the SG-1000 in 1983. The series also had later releases Super Monaco GP and Ayrton Senna's Super Monaco GP II.
Monaco GP is a racing game played from an overhead perspective,[2] where the main objective is to finish a course before time runs out. Points are awarded as the player races through five areas. As the game progresses, rival cars controlled by the game's artificial intelligence get faster, the road narrows, and the road surface changes to ice and gravel.[5] Various hazards in the road include puddles, narrow bridges, and tunnels where the driver's view is limited by the range of the car's headlights on screen. The timer continues counting down until 2000 points are scored; then, the system changes to a limited number of lives. At 6000 points and again at 8000, rival cars increase in speed. According to Sega Arcade History, the concept for this timer system came from Sega Enterprises president Hayao Nakayama. Pro Monaco GP, an upgraded version of the game released later, features a higher difficulty level than the original game.[2]
Monaco GP was one of the last arcade games made by Sega to use transistor–transistor logic (TTL) based discrete logic circuits instead of a microprocessor-based central processing unit (CPU). The game is operated by over 100 chips across two circuit boards. Images are stored in small custom read-only memory (ROM) chips, including sprites, cars, and the "game over" message. Sound effects, such as the cars' engines, a siren, and the sound of wheels slipping on the pavement, are generated by operational amplifiers and other analog circuitry. The scoring information appears on various LEDs located on the cabinet, including the player's score and the high score table.[5] Pro Monaco GP also features a battery backup system to save high scores if the cabinet loses power.[2]
Multiple styles of arcade cabinet exist for the game, including a deluxe cockpit cabinet which was designed in approximation to sitting behind the wheel of a race car with a padded steering wheel and accelerator pedal.[5] A tabletop housing and a smaller upright cabinet were also created.[2]
Initially displayed at the Japan Amusement Association show in Tokyo in 1979, Monaco GP received a positive reception at its debut. Sega chairman David Rosen called the game's warm reception at the show evidence of the world's growing acceptance of coin-operated arcade games.[6] Monaco GP was released in November 1979 in Japan,[2] and in January 1980 worldwide via Sega/Gremlin.[3] Pro Monaco GP, an upgraded version with a higher difficulty level, was released in Japan in March 1980,[2] and worldwide in July of the same year.[3] The original game was later ported to the SG-1000 and SC-3000, Sega's first video game consoles.[7] The SG-1000 port was released in 1983 in Japan,[8] and by March 1984 in Europe.[7]
Monaco GP became highly successful in arcades. In Japan, it was the third highest-grossing arcade game of 1979,[9] then the fifth highest-grossing arcade game of 1980,[10] and then the 20th highest-grossing arcade video game of 1982.[11] Japanese magazine Game Machine later listed Monaco GP on their July 15, 1983 issue as being the fifth top-grossing upright/cockpit arcade cabinet of the month in Japan.[12] In North America, Cashbox reported that Monaco GP was the most popular arcade driving game in the US in 1981, and it was among the highest-grossing games of the year.[13] The game appeared on the monthly arcade earnings charts of arcade industry magazine RePlay from April 1980 until April 1987, a record number of appearances to which Namco's Galaga was the next closest to reaching.[5] In 1985, Eddie Adlum of RePlay called Monaco GP the "most evergreen" arcade hit to emerge from 1979.[14] French magazine Tilt gave the SC-3000 version of the game 6 of 6 stars in graphics, and 4 of 6 in gameplay.[7]
Sega revived the Monaco GP series with Super Monaco GP in 1989,[5] and Ayrton Senna's Super Monaco GP II in 1992.[15] Super Monaco GP designer Hisao Oguchi had played Monaco GP before working for Sega, and when Oguchi decided to design a game based on Formula One, he started with a different name but chose Super Monaco GP after listening to opinions that the name was a good one. He referenced a parallel between the Monaco Grand Prix being the top event in racing and Sega being the top company in arcades.[16][17]
In 2003, Sega made a remake of Monaco GP for the PlayStation 2, as a part of the Sega Ages 2500 collection.[18] The remake features a number of additions including more cars and game modes.[19] Kurt Kalata of Hardcore Gaming 101 applauded the 2500 remake in particular for its improvements to the gameplay of the original, believing it would have been worthy of a separate release outside Japan.[20]
This list of Wake Forest University people includes notable alumni, faculty and staff of Wake Forest University, a private research university located in the American city of Winston-Salem, North Carolina. This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources. Wake Forest University presidents President Tenure Samuel Wait 1834–1845 William Hooper 1845–1848 John B. White 1848–1853 Washington …
داربنيك Դարբնիկ تاريخ التأسيس 1880 تقسيم إداري البلد أرمينيا[1] المقاطعة أرارات خصائص جغرافية إحداثيات 40°06′25″N 44°22′35″E / 40.106944°N 44.376389°E / 40.106944; 44.376389 المساحة 3.65 كيلومتر مربع الارتفاع 830 متر السكان التعداد السكاني 1097 نسمة (إحصاء 2012) الكثافة السك…
United States historic place in New Mexico United States historic placeFort SeldenU.S. National Register of Historic PlacesNew Mexico Historic Site NM State Register of Cultural Properties Ruins of Fort SeldenNearest cityLas Cruces, New MexicoCoordinates32°29′45″N 106°55′30″W / 32.49583°N 106.92500°W / 32.49583; -106.92500Area7 acres (2.8 ha)Built1865 (1865)NRHP reference No.70000401[1]NMSRCP No.47Significant datesAdded to NRHP…
Sporting event delegationAndorra at the1992 Summer OlympicsIOC codeANDNOCAndorran Olympic CommitteeWebsite (in Catalan)in BarcelonaCompetitors8 (7 men and 1 woman) in 5 sportsFlag bearer Margarida MorenoMedals Gold 0 Silver 0 Bronze 0 Total 0 Summer Olympics appearances (overview)1976198019841988199219962000200420082012201620202024 Andorra competed at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, Spain. Eight competitors, seven men and one woman, took part in five events in five sports.[1…
Disambiguazione – Nord-est, Nord-ovest, Sud-est e Sud-ovest rimandano qui. Se stai cercando altri significati, vedi Nord-est (disambigua), Nord-ovest (disambigua), Sud-est (disambigua) o Sud-ovest (disambigua). Questa voce o sezione sull'argomento cartografia non cita le fonti necessarie o quelle presenti sono insufficienti. Puoi migliorare questa voce aggiungendo citazioni da fonti attendibili secondo le linee guida sull'uso delle fonti. Punti cardinali nord n…
В Википедии есть статьи о других людях с фамилией Цукерберг. Марк Цукербергангл. Mark Elliot Zuckerberg Марк Цукерберг в 2019 году Имя при рождении Марк Эллиот Цукерберг Дата рождения 14 мая 1984(1984-05-14)[1][2][…] (39 лет) Место рождения Уайт-Плейнс, Нью-Йорк, США Гражданство США[…
Song by David Bowie Little WonderSingle by David Bowiefrom the album Earthling Released27 January 1997RecordedLooking Glass Studio, New York City 1996GenreIndustrial rocknoise rockjungleLength3:40 (single version)6:02 (album version)LabelParlophone74321 452072Songwriter(s)David BowieReeves GabrelsMark PlatiProducer(s)David BowieReeves GabrelsMark PlatiDavid Bowie singles chronology Telling Lies (1996) Little Wonder (1997) Dead Man Walking (1997) Music videoLittle Wonder on YouTube Little Wonder …
Melacacidin Nombre IUPAC (2R,3R,4R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,4,7,8-tetrolGeneralFórmula estructural Fórmula molecular ?IdentificadoresNúmero CAS 38081-16-2[1]ChemSpider 148659PubChem 169996 SMILESC1=CC(=C(C=C1C2C(C(C3=C(O2)C(=C(C=C3)O)O)O)O)O)O InChIInChI=InChI=1S/C15H14O7/c16-8-3-1-6(5-10(8)18)14-13(21)11(19)7-2-4-9(17)12(20)15(7)22-14/h1-5,11,13-14,16-21H/t11-,13-,14-/m1/s1Key: JEUXGAUBSWADEA-MRVWCRGKSA-N Propiedades físicasMasa molar 306,26 g/molV…
Coordenadas: 41° 9' 25 N 8° 18' 55 O Portugal Galegos Freguesia Igreja de GalegosIgreja de Galegos Símbolos Bandeira Brasão de armas Localização GalegosLocalização de Galegos em Portugal Coordenadas 41° 9' 25 N 8° 18' 55 O Região Norte Sub-região Tâmega e Sousa Distrito Porto Município Penafiel Código 131113 Administração Tipo Junta de freguesia Características geográficas Área total 3,52 km² Populaçã…
American politician Jason DawkinsMember of the Pennsylvania House of Representativesfrom the 179th districtIncumbentAssumed office January 6, 2015[1]Preceded byJames Clay Jr. Personal detailsBorn (1984-03-25) March 25, 1984 (age 39)Political partyDemocraticResidencePhiladelphiaOccupationLegislator Jason Dawkins is a Democratic member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives representing the 179th House district in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Dawkins is a member o…
Miniatuur van Maria van Gelre (Berlijn, SBB-PK, mgq42), fol. 19v Maria van Gelre, geboren Marie d’Harcourt (La Saussaye, 24 februari 1380 - in of na 1428 maar voor 1434) was vanaf 1405 hertogin van Gelre. Maria is vooral bekend door het gebedenboek dat ze heeft laten maken en dat gezien wordt als een van de belangrijkste kunstschatten uit laatmiddeleeuws Gelre.[1][2] Jeugd Maria van Gelre werd geboren als Marie d’Harcourt op 24 februari 1380 in La Saussaye in Normandië als d…
De Ronde van Slowakije 2002 (Slowaaks: Okolo Slovenska 2002) was de 46e editie van deze meerdaagse etappekoers. De ronde begon op 28 augustus en eindigde op 1 september. Etappe-overzicht etappe datum start finish afstand winnaar klassementsleider 1e 28 augustus Kysucké Nové Mesto Kysucké Nové Mesto 166 km Aurélien Clerc Aurélien Clerc 2e 29 augustus Kysucké Nové Mesto Žiar nad Hronom 149.6 km Igor Abakoumov Igor Abakoumov 3e 30 augustus Žiar nad Hronom Stara Lubovna 212.3 km Simone Cad…
Cet article est une ébauche concernant le Sénégal et les réserves naturelles et autres zones protégées. Vous pouvez partager vos connaissances en l’améliorant (comment ?) selon les recommandations des projets correspondants. Forêt classée de PatakoGéographiePays SénégalRégion FatickDépartement FoundiougneCoordonnées 13° 41′ N, 16° 16′ OSuperficie 43,2 km2AdministrationType Réserve forestière (d)WDPA 352656modifier - modifier le code - modif…
لمعانٍ أخرى، طالع فايت (توضيح). فايت الإحداثيات 41°40′28″N 84°19′41″W / 41.6744°N 84.3281°W / 41.6744; -84.3281 تقسيم إداري البلد الولايات المتحدة[1] التقسيم الأعلى مقاطعة فولتن، أوهايو خصائص جغرافية المساحة 2.549059 كيلومتر مربع2.549056 كيلومتر مربع (1 أبر…
Bistum Campo Limpo Basisdaten Staat Brasilien Metropolitanbistum Erzbistum São Paulo Diözesanbischof Valdir José de Castro SSP Emeritierter Diözesanbischof Emílio PignoliLuiz Antônio Guedes Gründung 1989 Fläche 1560 km² Pfarreien 106 (2021 / AP 2022) Einwohner 2.312.000 (2021 / AP 2022) Katholiken 2.113.000 (2021 / AP 2022) Anteil 91,4 % Diözesanpriester 126 (2021 / AP 2022) Ordenspriester 66 (2021 / AP 2022) Katholiken je Priester 11.005 Ständige Diakone 26 (2021 / AP 2022) Orde…
جائزة فرنسا الكبرى حلبة بول ريكارد(2018–2019, 2021–الآن) جائزة فرنسا الكبرى معلومات السباق عدد المرات عقد 89 عقدت لأول مرة 1906 الأكثر فوزا (السائقين) مايكل شوماخر (8) الأكثر فوزا (الفرق) فريق فيراري (17) طول الحلبة 5.842 كم (3.630 ميل) طول السباق 309.690 كم (192.432 ميل) اللفات 53 السباق الأخير (2021) الم
1995 video gameStar Trek: The Next Generation –A Final UnityDeveloper(s)Spectrum HoloBytePublisher(s)NA: Spectrum HoloByteEU: MicroProseProducer(s)Mathias GenserMeg StoreyDesigner(s)Mathias GenserWriter(s)Kyle BrinkVera ChanStephen GoldinNaren ShankarJoe WardComposer(s)Paul MoggSeriesStar TrekPlatform(s)DOS, MacintoshReleaseNA: June 1995[2]UK: June 18, 1995[1]Genre(s)AdventureMode(s)Single-player Star Trek: The Next Generation – A Final Unity is an adventure game by Spectrum …
Japanese light novel series Iriya no Sora, UFO no NatsuVolume 1 cover of the light novelイリヤの空、UFOの夏GenreDrama, Romance, Science fiction Light novelWritten byMizuhito AkiyamaIllustrated byEeji KomatsuPublished byMediaWorksImprintDengeki BunkoDemographicMaleOriginal runOctober 2001 – August 2003Volumes4 Original video animationDirected byNaoyuki ItōProduced byHiroaki ShibataWritten byMichiko YokoteMusic byHiroshi TakakiStudioToei AnimationRelea…
American businessman and politician Tom PattiPersonal detailsBorn1963 (age 59–60)New York, U.S.Political partyRepublicanEducationSan Joaquin Delta College Tom Patti is an American businessman and politician who is a member of the San Joaquin County Board of Supervisors. As an amateur boxer, Patti was training partners with Mike Tyson.[1] After the death of Cus D'Amato, Patti became Tyson's manager and coach.[2][3] He was a Republican candidate in the 2022 elect…
For the district in the city of São Paulo, see José Bonifácio (district). Municipality in Southeast, BrazilJosé BonifácioMunicipality FlagCoat of armsLocation in São Paulo stateJosé BonifácioLocation in BrazilCoordinates: 21°03′10″S 49°41′16″W / 21.05278°S 49.68778°W / -21.05278; -49.68778CountryBrazilRegionSoutheastStateSão PauloMesoregionSão José do Rio PretoMicroregionSão José do Rio PretoArea • Total859.94 km2 (332.02 sq&…
Lokasi Pengunjung: 3.128.199.105