The AM-35 was a high-altitude engine for fighters and bombers that evolved from the earlier AM-34FRN. Compared to the AM-34FRN it had an improved cylinder block, strengthened crankcase, higher compression ratio and a single-speed geared centrifugal supercharger with variable incidence blades. The AM-35 was developed in 1938 at the design bureau of Factory No. 24 now called the Salyut factory in Moscow. In March 1939 the AM-35 successfully passed its Factory tests and in April 1939 it passed its State tests. However, the VVS was not satisfied with the engine due to its rated power of 1,300 horsepower, which was 200 horsepower less than the specified requirement. The AM-35 also used a single-speed supercharger instead of the two-speed supercharger specified. In order to obtain higher performance a new version the AM-35A was designed with greater supercharger output and this was produced in large numbers at Factory No. 24 until the end of 1941 when the factory was evacuated to Kuybyshev. Although formally phased out of production small numbers of replacement AM-35A engines were produced at Kuybyshev during 1942-43 from AM-38 parts. In total 4,659 AM-35 and AM-35A engines were produced.[2]
A combination of factors led to the AM-35 being removed from production:
The majority of air combat on the Eastern Front took place at low-altitude and the AM-35 performed best at high-altitude.
Although having good high-altitude performance the MiG-3 was demanding to fly and a lack of experienced pilots led to high attrition through combat and accidents.
At low-altitude, the MiG-3 did not have a performance advantage over its opponents.
The MiG-3 had ineffective armament and efforts to increase its armament and recast it as a fighter-bomber failed.
The Ilyushin Il-2 was found to be better suited to the low-altitude ground-attack role than the MiG-3 so production of the MiG-3 was terminated. The AM-35 offered no advantage in the ground-attack role so production was switched to the AM-38 which was optimized for low-altitude performance.[3]
Variants
AM-35NV: A fuel-injected version developed in October 1939.
^Stapfer, Hans-Heiri (2006). Early MiG fighters in action. Greer, Don. Carrollton, TX: Squadron Signal Publications. pp. 7–22. ISBN0897475070. OCLC320454794.
