In 1898 he was elected to the Congress as Liberal candidate and was appointed Professor of Roman Law at the University of Oviedo. In 1899, he turned into Republican and in 1906 he was elected Republican congressman. He was one of the organizers of the Liberal Block in 1908 against the ConservativePrime MinisterAntonio Maura and of the Republican-Socialist Conjunction in 1909. In 1912, he founded with Gumersindo de Azcárate and José Ortega y Gasset the Reformist Party and the League for the Spanish Political Education. In the 1914 elections, 11 Reformist congressmen were elected. It had also a great success in the municipal elections in Asturias. During the Second Republic he founded the Democratic Liberal Republican Party (Partido Republicano Liberal Democrático), but its electoral results were poor: two deputies in 1932 and ten in 1933, when they supported the right-wing government backed by the Spanish Confederation of the Autonomous Right (CEDA).
After the beginning of the Civil War, anarchist militias imprisoned and killed him in the Cárcel Modelo. Following the murder of Alvarez together with other political prisoners, President Azaña is said to have cried; Indalecio Prieto predicted the fall of the Republican government: "with this brutality we have lost the war."[1][2]
Among the various efforts and commitments that Melquíades Álvarez developed or launched throughout his life, the creation in Asturias of athenæums and popular libraries can be highlighted, following the spirit and example proposed by different pedagogues to make "education available to workers". Melquiades has different named streets in Oviedo, Gijón, La Felguera, Madrid, Leganés and Tomelloso.
In the few decades up to 2021, over twenty books and academic studies were published about Álvarez's political life.[3]
^José Luis Agudín Menéndez (4 September 2021). "ABOGADO Y NADA MÁS QUE ABOGADO:MELQUÍADES ÁLVAREZ, JURISCONSULTO" [LAWYER AND NOTHING BUT LAWYER: MELQUÍADES ÁLVAREZ, JURISCONSULT]. Historia Constitucional (in Spanish) (22). Spain: Universidad de Oviedo: 1107. doi:10.17811/hc.v0i22.720. ISSN1576-4729. Retrieved 26 August 2022. La trayectoria política del tribuno gijonés Melquíades Álvarez ha sido merecedora a lo largo de estas últimas décadas de más de una veintena de libros, artículos académicos y capítulos de obras colectivas.
Suárez, Manuel: "Melquíades Álvarez y la democracia liberal en España", in Moreno, Javier (coord.): Progresistas: biografías de reformistas españoles, Madrid: Taurus, 2006, pp. 233–270
