The prison was operated by the private company Sodexo.[1][2][5] The state government paid Sodexo a bonus for reducing recidivism[2] – A$15,000 for each inmate who stays out of jail for two years. This incentive scheme was the first of its type in Australia.[6] In April 2020, the Department of Justice took over operations and continues to operate the prison, leaving Acacia Prison the only remaining private prison in Western Australia[7].
The prison is named after the Melaleuca plant,[8] and was formerly known as the Melaleuca Remand and Reintegration Facility.