Brunschwig Graf was a member of the parliament of the Canton of Geneva from 1989 to 1993; as a member of Liberal Party of Switzerland. On 14 November 1993, she was elected to the Cantonal Government and later re-elected twice in 1997 and 2001. Initially, she headed Geneva's education department: 1993–2001; and thereafter, the finance department: 2003–2005. Brunschwig Graf presided over Geneva cantonal government in 1998/1999 and 2004/2005.
From June 2006 she was President of the Association for the Prevention of Torture and the co-president of the Association for the Promotion of a Swiss Human Rights Institution.[1]
In 2012 she became the President of the Federal Commission against Racism.[1] She held the position for a total of three terms of office until the end of 2023.[2]