As a result of Republic v. Sereno, Sereno was ousted from her position. She is no longer considered the 24th Chief Justice of the Philippines, as the Court ruled that her appointment was never legal.[1][2]
Maria Lourdes "Meilou" Aranal-Sereno (Tagalog:[sɛˈrɛnɔ]; born Maria Lourdes Punzalan Aranal; July 2, 1960) is a Filipina lawyer and judge who served as de facto chief justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines[3] from 2012 until 2018.
Appointed as an associate justice by PresidentBenigno Aquino III in August 2010, she became the second youngest person (at the age of 52) to assume the post of chief justice in August 2012. She is considered to be the first woman head of a judicial branch in any Southeast Asian sovereign state.[4]
She was removed from office by way of an 8–6 decision by the Supreme Court over a quo warranto petition, rendering her appointment as chief justice null and void.[1] Sereno had faced criticism from the administration of President Rodrigo Duterte for expressing her criticism of his Philippine Drug War, and some saw the petition as politically motivated.[5][6][7][8] At the same time she was removed from office, Sereno had also been facing an impeachmenttrial prior to the granting of the petition, but after its granting, such trial became moot and was never scheduled.[9]
Early life and education
Sereno was born on July 2, 1960, in Manila, to Margarito Aranal of Siasi, Sulu, and Soledad Punzalan of Bay, Laguna who served as a public school teacher.[10]
Sereno graduated salutatorian from Kamuning Elementary School in 1972 and with honors from Quezon City High School in 1976.[11]
She was the only female member of the 1999 Preparatory Commission on Constitutional Reform where she headed the commission’s Steering Committee. In the same year, with Justice Jose Campos, Commissioner Haydee Yorac, and other professors from the UP College of Law, she co-founded Accesslaw, a corporation that provided the first annotated electronic research system in Philippine law.[14]
Sereno served as a co-counsel with Justice Florentino Feliciano on the Fraport case in Singapore, in which the Republic of the Philippines won the case.[16]
In August 2010, Sereno was appointed associate justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines, its 169th member and the first appointee to the high court by President Benigno Aquino III. Sereno, the 13th woman appointed as justice of the Supreme Court, was the youngest appointee to the court since Manuel Moran in 1945 until Marvic Leonen surpassed her at the age of 49 in 2012.[17]
Chief Justice (2012–2018)
On August 24, 2012, President Aquino announced his appointment of Sereno as the new chief justice of the Supreme Court, replacing Renato Corona, who was removed from office in May 2012 after being convicted in an impeachment trial.
Sereno voted against several of President Rodrigo Duterte's proposals, such as declaring martial law and burying Ferdinand Marcos in a cemetery reserved for national heroes.[18] Sereno also took a stance on Duterte's Philippine Drug War when she called for due process for those included in Duterte's "drug list", a list of people alleged to be involved in the illegal drug trade.[19]
In a televised public speech in April 2018, Duterte addressed Sereno thus: "So I’m putting you on notice that I am now your enemy. And you have to be out of the Supreme Court,"[20] after Sereno accused him of interfering with the case.
Sereno addressing supporters after a decision was made on the quo warranto petition filed against her on May 11, 2018.
On August 30, 2017, at least 25 members of the House of Representatives began the impeachment process against then-chief justice Sereno. In addition Solicitor GeneralJose Calida filed a quo warranto petition to invalidate her appointment as chief justice over alleged lack of integrity. Both the impeachment proceedings and quo warranto petition cites Sereno's alleged failure to properly declare her Statement of Assets, Liabilities and Net worth (SALN) and was also responsible for tax misdeclarations and unauthorized expenses. Sereno has questioned the quo warranto petition saying that she could only be legally removed through impeachment.[21]
After an impeachment process against her began, Sereno took an indefinite leave on March 1, 2018, but maintained she will not resign. She returned from leave shortly after the rest of the Supreme Court made a decision on the quo warranto petition. Deciding on the quo warranto petition en banc the Supreme Court justices voted to remove Sereno from the court on May 11, 2018, by a vote of 8–6.[1]
Sereno filed a motion for consideration but the high court denied with finality Sereno's motion for reconsideration for lack of merit on June 19, 2018 voting 8–6, upholding the quo warranto decision. The ruling also states that no further pleading will be entertained as well as order for immediate entry of judgement.[22]
Senior Justice Antonio Carpio assumed the post of chief justice in an acting capacity starting May 14, 2018, following Sereno's removal from office.[23] As a result of Republic v. Sereno, Maria Lourdes Sereno is no longer considered the 24th chief justice of the Philippines, as the court ruled that her appointment was never legal but null and void ab initio. Thus, on August 25, 2018, Teresita de Castro was appointed by President Rodrigo Duterte as the new de jure and 24th chief justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines.[24]
Maria Lourdes Sereno is married to Mario Jose E. Sereno of Davao City. They have two children, Maria Sophia and Jose Lorenzo.[10]
Awards
Awardee for Law, The Outstanding Women in the Nation's Service (TOWNS), 1998[14]
Notes
^Maria Lourdes Sereno was removed on May 11, 2018, via quo warranto by a special en banc session which also ruled that the Chief Justice post vacant; the petition alleged Sereno's appointment was void ab initio due to her failure in complying with the Judicial and Bar Council requirements. Hence, her tenure is now considered de facto.[1]
^Duties and powers transferred to Antonio Carpio while on leave.
