Mallotus (plant)

Mallotus
Kamala tree (M. philippensis)[1]
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Malpighiales
Family: Euphorbiaceae
Subfamily: Acalyphoideae
Tribe: Acalypheae
Subtribe: Rottlerinae
Genus: Mallotus
Lour.
Synonyms[2]
Mallotus japonicus
Mallotus macrostachyus
Mallotus mollissimus
Mallotus paniculatus

Mallotus is a genus of the spurge family Euphorbiaceae first described as a genus in 1790.[4] Two species (M. oppositifolius and M. subulatus) are found in tropical Africa and Madagascar, while all others are found in East Asia, the Indian Subcontinent, Southeast Asia, eastern Australia, and certain islands of the western Pacific.[2][5][6][7] The genus has about 150 species of dioecious trees or shrubs.[8]

Fossil record

Mallotus macrofossils have been recovered from the late Zanclean stage of Pliocene sites in Pocapaglia, Italy.[9]

Uses

Mallotus species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including Endoclita malabaricus. The Kamala tree (Mallotus philippensis) has seed capsules which are the source of a yellow dye (Kamala dye) and were formerly a herbal remedy.[10]

Species

Source:[2]

  1. Mallotus actinoneurus – S Thailand, W Malaysia
  2. Mallotus anomalusHainan
  3. Mallotus apelta – S China
  4. Mallotus atrovirens – SW India
  5. Mallotus attenuatus – Papua New Guinea
  6. Mallotus aureopunctatus – India
  7. Mallotus barbatus – India, Indochina, S China, Malaysia, W Indonesia
  8. Mallotus beddomei – SW India
  9. Mallotus blumeanus – Java, Sumatra
  10. Mallotus brachythyrsus – Sarawak, Kalimantan
  11. Mallotus brevipetiolatus – S Thailand, W Malaysia
  12. Mallotus calocarpus – S Thailand
  13. Mallotus cambodianus – Cambodia
  14. Mallotus canii – Vietnam
  15. Mallotus caudatus – Borneo
  16. Mallotus cauliflorusLuzon
  17. Mallotus chromocarpus – Papua New Guinea
  18. Mallotus chuyenii – Vietnam
  19. Mallotus claoxyloides- E Australia, Papua New Guinea
  20. Mallotus concinnusKelantan
  21. Mallotus confusus – Philippines
  22. Mallotus connatus – Philippines, Borneo
  23. Mallotus coudercii – Indochina
  24. Mallotus cumingii (Trevia ambigua) – Philippines, Borneo, Sulawesi
  25. Mallotus darbyshirei – Papua New Guinea
  26. Mallotus decipiens – Bangladesh, Indochina, W Malaysia
  27. Mallotus didymochryseus – New Guinea
  28. Mallotus discolor – E Australia
  29. Mallotus dispar – Indochina, W Malaysia, W Indonesia
  30. Mallotus dispersus – N Australia
  31. Mallotus distans – S India, Sri Lanka
  32. Mallotus dunniiFujian
  33. Mallotus eberhardtii – Vietnam
  34. Mallotus eriocarpus – Sri Lanka, W Malaysia
  35. Mallotus eximius – Borneo, W Malaysia
  36. Mallotus ficifolius – Queensland
  37. Mallotus floribundus – SE Asia, Papuasia
  38. Mallotus furetianus – Hainan, China
  39. Mallotus fuscescens – Sri Lanka
  40. Mallotus garrettii – N Laos, N Thailand
  41. Mallotus glabriusculus – Indochina
  42. Mallotus glomerulatus – NE Thailand
  43. Mallotus grossedentatusHainan
  44. Mallotus hanheoensis – Vietnam
  45. Mallotus havilandii – Sarawak
  46. Mallotus hispidospinosus – Thailand, Myanmar
  47. Mallotus hymenophyllus – S Thailand
  48. Mallotus illudens – S China
  49. Mallotus insularumMaluku, Lesser Sunda Islands
  50. Mallotus intercedens – India
  51. Mallotus japonicus – Japan, Korea, China, Ryukyu Islands
  52. Mallotus khasianusAssam, Indochina, S China
  53. Mallotus kongkandaeYunnan, N Thailand
  54. Mallotus korthalsii – Philippines, Malaysia, W Indonesia
  55. Mallotus kweichowensisGuizhou
  56. Mallotus lackeyi – Borneo, Philippines
  57. Mallotus lanceolatus – S China, Indochina
  58. Mallotus lancifoliusAndaman & Nicobar Is, Malaysia, W Indonesia
  59. Mallotus lappaceus – Myanmar
  60. Mallotus lauterbachianus – New Guinea
  61. Mallotus leptostachyus – S Myanmar, S Thailand
  62. Mallotus leucocalyx – SE Asia
  63. Mallotus leucocarpusAssam, Myanmar
  64. Mallotus leucodermis – S Thailand, Malaysia, Borneo, Sumatra
  65. Mallotus lianusGuangdong, Fujian, Zhejiang
  66. Mallotus longinervis – Sarawak
  67. Mallotus longipes – Myanmar
  68. Mallotus macrostachyus – S Thailand, Malaysia, Borneo, Sumatra
  69. Mallotus macularis – New Guinea
  70. Mallotus megadontus – Queensland
  71. Mallotus metcalfianus – N Thailand, Vietnam, Guangxi
  72. Mallotus microcarpus – S China
  73. Mallotus millietiiGuizhou
  74. Mallotus minimifructus – Borneo, Sulawesi, Philippines
  75. Mallotus miquelianus – Thailand, Borneo, Malaysia, Philippines, Sumatra
  76. Mallotus mirus – Thailand
  77. Mallotus mollissimus – Indonesia, Philippines, Papuasia, Queensland
  78. Mallotus monanthosPahang
  79. Mallotus montanus – S Thailand, W Malaysia
  80. Mallotus muticus – Malaysia, Borneo, Sumatra
  81. Mallotus myanmaricus – Myanmar
  82. Mallotus nanus – Laos, Cambodia
  83. Mallotus neocavalerieiGuizhou
  84. Mallotus nepalensis – Nepal, Yunnan, Myanmar, Assam, Bhutan
  85. Mallotus nesophilus – N Australia
  86. Mallotus nudiflorus (Trevia nudiflora, Trevia integerrima) – Indian Subcontinent, SE Asia, S China
  87. Mallotus oppositifolius – Madagascar, tropical Africa
  88. Mallotus oreophilusYunnan, Sikkim
  89. Mallotus pachypodus – Myanmar
  90. Mallotus pallidus – S Thailand
  91. Mallotus paniculatus – Indian Subcontinent, SE Asia, S China, Queensland, Papuasia
  92. Mallotus peltatus – Indian Subcontinent, SE Asia, S China, Papuasia
  93. Mallotus philippensis – Indian Subcontinent, SE Asia, S China, Papuasia, Ryukyu Islands
  94. Mallotus pierrei – Thailand, Vietnam
  95. Mallotus pleiogynus – New Guinea
  96. Mallotus plicatus – Indochina
  97. Mallotus poilanei – Vietnam
  98. Mallotus polyadenos – New Guinea, Queensland
  99. Mallotus polycarpus – W India
  100. Mallotus puber – Solomon Islands
  101. Mallotus repandus – Indian Subcontinent, SE Asia, S China, Papuasia, New Caledonia
  102. Mallotus resinosus – Indian Subcontinent, SE Asia, Papuasia, Queensland
  103. Mallotus rhamnifolius – S India, Sri Lanka
  104. Mallotus roxburghianus – E Himalayas
  105. Mallotus rufidulus – W Indonesia
  106. Mallotus sathavensis – Vietnam
  107. Mallotus sphaerocarpus – Sumatra
  108. Mallotus spinifructus – Kalimantan
  109. Mallotus stewardii – E China
  110. Mallotus subcuneatus – S Thailand, W Malaysia
  111. Mallotus subjaponicusAnhui
  112. Mallotus subulatus – W + C Africa
  113. Mallotus sumatranus – Sumatra, Borneo
  114. Mallotus surculosusCape York Peninsula
  115. Mallotus taoyuanensisHunan
  116. Mallotus tetracoccus – Indian Subcontinent, Thailand, Myanmar, Yunnan
  117. Mallotus thorelii – Indochina
  118. Mallotus thunbergianus – Sri Lanka
  119. Mallotus tiliifoliusHainan, SE Asia, Papuasia, Micronesia, Taiwan
  120. Mallotus trinervius – New Guinea
  121. Mallotus ustulatus – Cambodia
  122. Mallotus wrayi – Sumatra, Borneo, W Malaysia
  123. Mallotus yunnanensisYunnan

Formerly included

Source:[2]

Some species have been moved to other genera, namely: Acalypha Aleurites Blumeodendron Chondrostylis Cleidion Croton Discocleidion Endospermum Hancea Lasiococca Macaranga Melanolepis Neoboutonia Plukenetia Ptychopyxis Rockinghamia Spathiostemon Sumbaviopsis.

  1. M. affinis – Macaranga lowii
  2. M. angulatus – Melanolepis multiglandulosa
  3. M. angustifolius – Rockinghamia angustifolia
  4. M. arboreus – Ptychopyxis arborea
  5. M. arboreus var. platyphyllus – Ptychopyxis kingii
  6. M. auriculatus – Macaranga lowii
  7. M. baillonianus – Hancea acuminata
  8. M. brevipes Merr. 1915Lasiococca brevipes
  9. M. brevipes Pax ex Engl. 1895Acalypha neptunica
  10. M. calcosus – Melanolepis multiglandulosa
  11. M. calvus – Spathiostemon javensis
  12. M. capensis – Macaranga capensis
  13. M. capuronii – Hancea capuronii
  14. M. caput-medusae – Ptychopyxis caput-medusae
  15. M. cavaleriei – Discocleidion rufescens
  16. M. chrysanthus – Ptychopyxis chrysantha
  17. M. cordatifolius – Hancea cordatifolia
  18. M. dallachyi – Macaranga dallachyana
  19. M. diadenus – Endospermum diadenum
  20. M. echinatus – Hancea penangensis
  21. M. eglandulosus – Spathiostemon javensis
  22. M. eucaustus – Hancea eucausta
  23. M. geloniifolius – Cleidion javanicum
  24. M. glaberrimus – Macaranga glaberrima
  25. M. grandistipularis – Hancea grandistipularis
  26. M. griffithianus – Hancea griffithiana
  27. M. hellwigianus – Melanolepis multiglandulosa
  28. M. henryi – Macaranga henryi
  29. M. hirsutus – Hancea hirsuta
  30. M. hollrungianus – Melanolepis multiglandulosa
  31. M. hookerianus – Hancea hookeriana
  32. M. hookerianus var. papuanus – Hancea papuana
  33. M. impar – Hancea griffithiana
  34. M. inamoenus – Macaranga inamoena
  35. M. integrifolius – Hancea integrifolia
  36. M. kingii – Hancea kingii
  37. M. kunstleri – Chondrostylis kunstleri
  38. M. kurzii – Blumeodendron kurzii
  39. M. leptophyllus – Hancea penangensis
  40. M. longistylus – Hancea longistyla
  41. M. maingayi – Macaranga pruinosa
  42. M. melleri – Neoboutonia melleri
  43. M. minahassae – Croton oblongus
  44. M. moluccanus – Aleurites moluccanus
  45. M. moluccanus var. glabratus – Melanolepis multiglandulosa
  46. M. moluccanus var. pendulus – Melanolepis multiglandulosa
  47. M. multiglandulosus – Melanolepis multiglandulosa
  48. M. nitidus – Cleidion nitidum
  49. M. papuanus – Hancea papuana
  50. M. papuanus var. glabrescens – Hancea penangensis
  51. M. papuanus var. intermedius – Hancea penangensis
  52. M. penangensis – Hancea penangensis
  53. M. populifolius – Macaranga hemsleyana
  54. M. preussii – Plukenetia conophora
  55. M. pseudopenangensis – Hancea penangensis
  56. M. pseudoverticillatus – Lasiococca comberi
  57. M. ramosii – Cleidion ramosii
  58. M. samarensis – Cleidion ramosii
  59. M. sarawakensis – Hancea penangensis
  60. M. speciosus – Sumbaviopsis albicans
  61. M. spinulosus – Hancea spinulosa
  62. M. stipularis – Hancea stipularis
  63. M. subpeltatus – Hancea subpeltata
  64. M. tenuipes – Hancea penangensis
  65. M. tsiangii – Macaranga lowii
  66. M. vernicosus – Blumeodendron tokbrai
  67. M. vitifolius – Melanolepis vitifolia
  68. M. wenzelianus – Hancea wenzeliana
  69. M. woodii – Hancea griffithiana
  70. M. xylacanthus – Hancea penangensis
  71. M. yifengensis – Croton lachnocarpus

Notes

  1. ^ One anagram of this genus name yields Wetriaria, another genus of Euphorbiaceae.[3]

References

  1. ^ 1897 illustration from Franz Eugen Köhler, Köhler's Medizinal-Pflanzen
  2. ^ a b c d Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  3. ^ Burkhardt, Lotte (2018-06-06). Verzeichnis eponymischer Pflanzennamen – Erweiterte Edition. Index of Eponymic Plant Names – Extended Edition. Index de Noms éponymiques des Plantes – Édition augmentée (in German). Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin. p. A7. doi:10.3372/epolist2018. ISBN 978-3-946292-26-5. S2CID 187926901.
  4. ^ Loureiro, João de. 1790. Flora Cochinchinensis 601, 635
  5. ^ Flora of China Vol. 11 Page 225 野桐属 ye tong shu Mallotus Loureiro, Fl. Cochinch. 2: 635. 1790.
  6. ^ Govaerts, R., Frodin, D.G. & Radcliffe-Smith, A. (2000). World Checklist and Bibliography of Euphorbiaceae (and Pandaceae) 1–4: 1–1622. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  7. ^ Sierra, S.E.C. & Van Welzen, P.C. (2005). A taxonomic revision of Mallotus section Mallotus (Euphorbiaceae) in Malesia. Blumea 50: 249–274.
  8. ^ Yamasaki, Eri; Sakai, Shoko (2013). "Wind and insect pollination (Ambophily) of Mallotus spp. (Euphorbiaceae) in tropical and temperate forests". Australian Journal of Botany. 61: 60. doi:10.1071/BT12202. hdl:2433/173327.
  9. ^ Messian to Zanclean vegetation and climate of Northern and Central Italy by Adele Bertini & Edoardo Martinetto, Bollettino della Societa Paleontologica Italiana, 47 (2), 2008, 105–121. Modena, 11 lugio 2008.
  10. ^ "Banato / Mallotus philippensis / Kamala". Philippine Medicinal Herbs. Retrieved 2024-06-22.

Read other articles:

Peta Lokasi Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ulu Selatan di Sumatera Selatan Berikut adalah daftar kecamatan dan kelurahan/desa di Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ulu Selatan, Sumatera Selatan, Indonesia. Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ulu Selatan memiliki 19 kecamatan, 7 kelurahan dan 252 desa (dari total 236 kecamatan, 386 kelurahan dan 2.853 desa di seluruh Sumatera Selatan). Pada tahun 2017, jumlah penduduknya sebesar 410.303 jiwa dengan luas wilayahnya 5.493,94 km² dan sebaran penduduk 75 jiwa/km².[1]...

 

Kiowa winter count by Anko, covers summers and winters for 37 months, 1889-92, ca. 1895. National Archives and Records Administration[1] Winter counts (Lakota: waníyetu wówapi or waníyetu iyáwapi) are pictorial calendars or histories in which tribal records and events were recorded by Native Americans in North America. The Blackfeet, Mandan, Kiowa, Lakota, and other Plains tribes used winter counts extensively. There are approximately one hundred winter counts in existence, many o...

 

Stig Tøfting Stig Tøfting menerima kartu kuning (2007)Informasi pribadiTanggal lahir 14 Agustus 1969 (umur 54)Tempat lahir Hørning, DenmarkTinggi 1,76 m (5 ft 9+1⁄2 in)Posisi bermain GelandangKarier junior Arbejder Sport AarhusAGF AarhusKarier senior*Tahun Tim Tampil (Gol) 1989–19931993–199519941994, 19951995–199719971997–200020002000–20022002–20032003200420052006–2007 AGF AarhusHamburger SV→Odense BK (pinjam)→AGF Aarhus (pinjam)AGF AarhusOdense...

ريثيمنو Ρέθυμνο Rethymno (باليونانية: Ρέθυμνον)‏    الموقع الجغرافي تقسيم إداري البلد اليونان[1] عاصمة لـ ريثيمنو  المنطقة الإدارية كريت ريثيمنو خصائص جغرافية إحداثيات 35°22′08″N 24°28′26″E / 35.368888888889°N 24.473888888889°E / 35.368888888889; 24.473888888889   المساحة 397.5 كيلومتر �...

 

Schooner Grafton was a 56-ton schooner sailing out of Sydney during the 1860s that was wrecked on 3 January 1864 in the north arm of Carnley Harbour, Auckland Island, one of the New Zealand Subantarctic Islands, nearly 480 kilometres (300 mi) south of the South Island. Her castaway crew waited a year for a ship to come to their rescue, which, it soon became apparent, would not come. Six months later, three men decided to set out in a dinghy and managed to cross a distance of 450 kilometr...

 

يفتقر محتوى هذه المقالة إلى الاستشهاد بمصادر. فضلاً، ساهم في تطوير هذه المقالة من خلال إضافة مصادر موثوق بها. أي معلومات غير موثقة يمكن التشكيك بها وإزالتها. (ديسمبر 2018) كروموسوم البكتيريا الصناعي كروموسوم البكتيريا الصناعي بالإنجليزي :(BAC) (Bacterial artificial chromosome) يحتوي الحمض ...

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: 2000 CONCACAF Gold Cup final – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (June 2019) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Football match2000 CONCACAF Gold Cup finalThe Memorial Coliseum in Los Angeles hosted the final.Event2000 CONCACAF Gold ...

 

Former association football club in Hereford, England This article is about the original football club in Hereford, wound up in 2014. For the successor club, see Hereford F.C. Football clubHereford UnitedNickname(s)The BullsFounded1924; 100 years ago (1924)Dissolved2014; 10 years ago (2014)GroundEdgar StreetCapacity4,913 Home colours Away colours Hereford United Football Club was an association football club based in Hereford, England. They played at Edgar ...

 

  لمعانٍ أخرى، طالع كولب (توضيح). كولب   الإحداثيات 37°48′21″N 89°04′45″W / 37.8058°N 89.0792°W / 37.8058; -89.0792   [1] تقسيم إداري  البلد الولايات المتحدة[2]  التقسيم الأعلى مقاطعة ويليامسون  خصائص جغرافية  المساحة 0.14 ميل مربع  عدد السكان  عدد السكان...

Professional baseball postseason series 2020 American League Wild Card SeriesSeptember 29–October 1, 2020Tampa Bay Rays 2–0 Toronto Blue JaysOakland Athletics 2–1 Chicago White SoxMinnesota Twins 0–2 Houston AstrosCleveland Indians 0–2 New York Yankees← 2019ALWC2021 → The 2020 American League Wild Card Series were four best-of-three series in Major League Baseball (MLB) to determine participating teams in the 2020 American League Division Series. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, ML...

 

Suburb of Wolverhampton, England For the Cheshire village, see Blakenhall, Cheshire. Human settlement in EnglandBlakenhallBlakenhallLocation within the West MidlandsPopulation12,614 (2021)[1]OS grid referenceSO910966Metropolitan boroughWolverhamptonMetropolitan countyWest MidlandsRegionWest MidlandsCountryEnglandSovereign stateUnited KingdomPost townWolverhamptonPostcode districtWV2Dialling code01902PoliceWest MidlandsFireWest MidlandsAmbulanceW...

 

The Cleveland Guardians are a professional baseball team based in Cleveland, Ohio. They are in the Central Division of Major League Baseball's American League. Since 1994, they have played in Progressive Field. The Cleveland team originated in 1900 as the Lake Shores, when the American League (AL) was officially a minor league. One of the AL's eight charter franchises, the major league incarnation of the club was founded in Cleveland in 1901. 1896–1946: Beginning to middle The Columbus Buck...

2005 soundtrack album by various artistsCoach Carter: Music from the Motion PictureSoundtrack album by various artistsReleasedJanuary 11, 2005 (2005-01-11)Recorded2004GenreHip hopR&BLength53:23LabelCapitolProducerAnthologyCorner BoyzFrench SpencerJason Jay E EppersonJukeboxKanye WestKwaméMike CarenNeedlzNeek RusherThe Trak StarzToxicVan HuntYoung TreySingles from Coach Carter: Music from the Motion Picture HopeReleased: March 29, 2005 Professional ratingsReview sco...

 

South African spree killer Stephanus Andries Johannes SwartBorn21 July 1888Ladismith, Cape ColonyDied6 May 1927(1927-05-06) (aged 38)Charlestown, Transvaal, South AfricaCause of deathSuicideOccupationFarmerSpouseAnnie Swart (née Eksteen)DetailsDate6 May 1927Location(s)Potters Hill and Charlestown, South AfricaTarget(s)Police and Annie Swart (wife)Killed9 or 10 (including himself)Injured3Weapons Mauser Rifle Webley Revolver Stolen from Inspector Ashman Stephanus Andries Johannes Swa...

 

Overseas department of France in the Indian Ocean Mahore redirects here. For the main island of the department, see Grande-Terre (Mayotte). Place in FranceMayotteOverseas department, region and single territorial collectivity of France and outermost region of the European UnionDepartment of MayotteDépartement de Mayotte (French) Coat of armsAnthem: La Marseillaise(The Marseillaise)Coordinates: 12°50′35″S 45°8′18″E / 12.84306°S 45.13833°E / -12.84306; ...

This article is about fuel coke derived from coal. For fuel coke derived from petroleum, see Petroleum coke. For other uses, see Coke (disambiguation). Coal product used in making steel Raw coke Coke is a grey, hard, and porous coal-based fuel with a high carbon content. It is made by heating coal or oil in the absence of air. Coke is an important industrial product, used mainly in iron ore smelting, but also as a fuel in stoves and forges. The unqualified term coke usually refers to the prod...

 

Overview of the cinema of Ethiopia The Cinema of Ethiopia and the film industry in general are relatively recent phenomena in Ethiopia. The Ethiopian film industry is growing but faces many problems that have prevented it from fully flourishing.[1] Historically, live stage theater enjoyed more popularity in Ethiopia, creating a handful of relatively successful stage actors.[1] Ethiopian films began modernizing in the 2000s, implementing Amharic, but due to wide home video and ...

 

Railway station on the Chester & Ellesmere Port branches of the Wirral line in England BromboroughGeneral informationLocationBromborough, WirralEnglandCoordinates53°19′18″N 2°59′13″W / 53.3218°N 2.9869°W / 53.3218; -2.9869Grid referenceSJ343809Managed byMerseyrailTransit authorityMerseytravelPlatforms2Other informationStation codeBOMFare zoneB2ClassificationDfT category EHistoryOpened1841Passengers2018/19 0.635 million2019/20 0.709 million2020/21 0.178 ...

Aren gelora Klasifikasi ilmiah Kerajaan: Plantae (tanpa takson): Tracheophyta (tanpa takson): Angiospermae (tanpa takson): Monokotil (tanpa takson): Komelinid Ordo: Arecales Famili: Arecaceae Genus: Arenga Spesies: A. undulatifolia Nama binomial Arenga undulatifoliaBecc., 1886[1] Sinonim Referensi:[2] Arenga ambong Becc. Saguerus undulatifolius (Becc.) Kuntze Aren gelora (Arenga undulatifolia) adalah suatu jenis palem yang kurang dikenal. Aren gelora merupakan tumbuhan a...

 

Offshore archipelago governed by Taiwan Lienchiang County redirects here. For a county of Fujian of the same name in the People's Republic of China, see Lianjiang County. For other uses, see Matsu. County in Fukien, Republic of ChinaLienchiang County 連江縣Matsu Islands, Ma-tsuCountyTop: Magan Tianhou Temple in Nangan, Bottom left: Matsu display monument in Nangan, Bottom upper left: Lin Moniang Tomb in Mazu Temple, Bottom lower right: Dongyong Lighthouse FlagEmblemLogoCoordinates: 26°09�...