Malda, also known as English Bazar, is a city in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is the sixth largest city (urban agglomeration) in West Bengal.[6] It is the headquarters of the Malda district as well as of the Malda division of West Bengal. It consists of two municipalities, viz. English Bazar Municipality and Old Malda Municipality, under Malda Metropolitan Area. The city is located on the banks of the Mahananda River. Malda was an undeveloped city which was enlarging from 1925 to 1930. The city is growing rapidly nowadays with its population inching towards half a million.
Etymology
The name English Bazar is a calque of Angrezābād ("English-town"), applied in the 17th century to the surroundings of the English factory.[7] It was named in accordance with the factories built on the banks of River Mahananda by the British. The English traders set their factories here for the high profitable trade.
Like the most other places in West Bengal, the weather of Malda is usually extremely humid and tropical. Temperatures can reach as high as 42 °C (108 °F) during the day in May and June and fall as low as 8 °C (46 °F) overnight in December and January. Malda's highest recorded temperature was 45.0 °C (113.0 °F) on 27 May 1958 and lowest recorded temperature was 3.9 °C (39.0 °F) on 3 February 1905.
In Malda, the average annual temperature is 26.4 °C (79.5 °F). Precipitation is about 1,554 mm (61.2 in) per year. The driest month is December. There is 4.3 mm (0.17 in) of precipitation in December. The greatest amount of precipitation occurs in July, with an average of 352 mm (13.9 in).
Climate data for Malda (1991–2020, extremes 1901–2020)
As of the[update]2011 census, Malda metropolitan city had a total population of 324,237.[13]
As of the[update]2011 census, English Bazar municipality had a population of 216,083.[3] The municipality had a sex ratio of 877 females per 1,000 males and 14.9% of the population were under six years old.[3] Effective literacy was 84.69%; male literacy was 85.44% and female literacy was 83.86%.[3]
As of 2001[update] India census,[14] Old Malda Municipality had a population of 62,944. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Old Malda has an average literacy rate of 61%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 67%, and female literacy is 54%. In Old Malda, 15% of the population is under 6 years of age.
As of 2011 census, the majority of the population of the English Bazar municipality were Hindus with 86.95% adherents, followed by 11.02% Muslims and small populations of Sikhs and Christians.[15]
The municipality of English Bazar is divided into 29 wards. The Trinamool Congress (with 25 councillors) holds the power in this municipality (as of 2022).
The municipality of Old Malda is divided into 20 wards.[16]
Transport
Road
A busy Rathbari Junction Night View
NH 12 crosses through the city. The Gour Kanya Bus Terminus serves as the bus depot for both private buses and government bus service operated by the North Bengal State Transport Corporation (NBSTC).
Rail
Malda Town Railway StationMalda Tourist Lodge (Amarapali)
Malda Airport (IATA: LDA, ICAO: VEMH) was closed in 1972 due to the Bangladesh War. Before that there were direct daily flights from Malda to Kolkata, Delhi, and Guwahati. In 2014, direct helicopter services were started between Malda and Kolkata, by the government of West Bengal. As of 2017, the airport is under construction and the flight service will start very soon but the construction work has not been started yet.
