Magnolia sieboldii

Siebold's magnolia
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Magnoliids
Order: Magnoliales
Family: Magnoliaceae
Genus: Magnolia
Subgenus: Magnolia subg. Magnolia
Section: Magnolia sect. Rhytidospermum
Subsection: Magnolia subsect. Oyama
Species:
M. sieboldii
Binomial name
Magnolia sieboldii
Synonyms[1]
  • Magnolia oyama Kort
  • Magnolia parviflora Siebold & Zucc. nom. illeg.
  • Magnolia sinensis (Rehder & E.H.Wilson) Stapf
  • Magnolia verecunda Koidz.
  • Oyama sieboldii (K.Koch) N.H.Xia & C.Y.Wu
  • Oyama sinensis (Rehder & E.H.Wilson) N.H.Xia & C.Y.Wu

Magnolia sieboldii, or Siebold's magnolia, also known as Korean mountain magnolia[2] and Oyama magnolia,[3] is a species of Magnolia native to east Asia in China, Japan, and Korea. It is named after the German doctor Philipp Franz von Siebold (1796–1866).

Description

Magnolia sieboldii is a large deciduous shrub or small tree 5–10 m (16–33 ft) tall. The stalks, young leaves, young twigs and young buds are downy. The leaves are elliptical to ovate-oblong, 9–16 cm (rarely 25 cm) long and 4–10 cm (rarely 12 cm) broad, with a 1.5-4.5 cm petiole.

The flowers, unlike the spring flowering magnolias, open primarily in the early summer, but continue intermittently until late summer. They are pendulous, cup-shaped, 7–10 cm diameter, and have 6-12 tepals, the outer three smaller, the rest larger, and pure white; the carpels are greenish and the stamens reddish-purple or greenish-white.

Subspecies

There are three subspecies:

  • Magnolia sieboldii subsp. japonica. Japan. Low shrub; flowers with 6 tepals and greenish-white stamens.
  • Magnolia sieboldii subsp. sieboldii. Japan, Korea, eastern China. Tree or large shrub; flowers with 9-12 tepals and reddish-purple stamens; leaves smaller, rarely over 16 cm.
  • Magnolia sieboldii subsp. sinensis. Southwestern China (Sichuan); flowers as subsp. sieboldii; leaves larger, commonly to 22 cm.
  • Flower bud
    Flower bud
  • Flower, male phase
    Flower, male phase
  • Flower
    Flower
  • Flower detail
    Flower detail
  • Immature fruit
    Immature fruit
  • Nearly mature fruit
    Nearly mature fruit

Cultivation

Magnolia sieboldii is grown as an ornamental tree in gardens. It is one of the hardiest magnolias, successful in cultivation as far north as Arboretum Mustila in Finland. The cultivar 'Colossus' has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.[4]

Called mongnan or mokran (목란/木蘭), Siebold's magnolia is the national flower of North Korea.[5]

References

  1. ^ The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species, retrieved 28 January 2017
  2. ^ English Names for Korean Native Plants (PDF). Pocheon: Korea National Arboretum. 2015. p. 532. ISBN 978-89-97450-98-5. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2016 – via Korea Forest Service.
  3. ^ "Magnolia sieboldii (Oyama Magnolia) | North Carolina Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox". plants.ces.ncsu.edu. Retrieved 2022-03-25.
  4. ^ "Magnolia sieboldii 'Colossus' AGM". Royal Horticultural Society. 2017. Retrieved 2017-01-27.
  5. ^ Lim, Reuben C. J. (29 June 2013). "Floral Emblems of the world". anbg.gov.au. Australian National Herbarium. Retrieved 9 September 2016.