Mafalda (Spanish: [maˈfalda]) is an Argentine comic strip written and drawn by cartoonist Quino. The strip features a six-year-old girl named Mafalda, who reflects the Argentine middle class and progressive youth, is concerned about humanity and world peace, and has an innocent but serious attitude toward problems. The comic strip ran from 1964 to 1973 and was very popular in Latin America, Europe, Quebec and Asia. Its popularity led to books and two animated cartoon series.[1] Mafalda has been praised as masterful satire.[2]
The comic strip artist Quino created Mafalda in 1963.[4] He had received a proposal by fellow artist Miguel Brascó, and the comic strip would be a covert advertisement for the "Mansfield" line of products of the Siam Di Tella company. The characters would use their products, and all of them would have names starting with "M". The name "Mafalda" was selected as an homage to one of the characters of the 1962 Argentine film Dar la cara. The comic strip was conceived as a blend of Peanuts and Blondie. Quino and Brascó offered the comic strip to the newspaper Clarín, but they noticed the advertisement nature and did not publish it. The covert advertising campaign was never carried out, but Brascó published portions of those comics at the magazine Leoplán.
Julián Delgado, senior editor of the magazine Primera Plana, proposed Quino to publish the comic strip, if he removed the advertisements. It was first published in the magazine on 29 September 1964.[5] Initially, it featured only Mafalda and her parents.[3] Felipe was introduced in January. Quino left the magazine in 1965, and the comic strip moved to the newspaper El Mundo.[5] Quino introduced new kids: Manolito, Susanita, and Miguelito; and Mafalda's mother became pregnant. The newspaper was closed in December 1967.
Publication resumed six months later, on 2 June 1968, in the weekly Siete Días Ilustrados. Since the cartoons now had to be delivered two weeks before publication, Quino was not able to comment on the news to the same extent. After creating the characters of Mafalda's little brother Guille and her new friend Libertad, he definitively ceased publication of the strip on 25 June 1973.
After 1973, Quino still drew Mafalda a few times, mostly to promote human rights. In 1976, he reproduced Mafalda for the UNICEF illustrating the Convention on the Rights of the Child.[6]
The comic strip is composed of the main character Mafalda, her parents and a group of other children. However, the group was not created on purpose, but was instead a result of the development of the comic strip. The other children were created one at a time, and worked by countering specific aspects of Mafalda. The exception was Guille, Mafalda's brother, who was introduced during a period when the author did not have other ideas.[7][circular reference]
The characters aged at about half the real time-scale while the script ran. They also went through minor changes largely due to the evolution of Quino's drawing style.
Most strips that were not too closely tied to then-current events were chronologically republished in ten small books simply named Mafalda and numbered from one to ten, with two strips on each page. This excludes the very first ones, published in Primera Plana, but never reprinted until 1989.
The Argentine editions[10] are as follows, published by Ediciones de la Flor (except for the first five books, which were first published by Editorial Jorge Álvarez)
The editions differ in other countries: in Spain, the small books are numbered from 0 to 10 and the full compilation is called Todo Mafalda, all published by Editorial Lumen;[11] in Mexico, the small books go from 1 to 12 and are currently published by Tusquets Editores.[12]
Mafalda has been translated into around twenty languages, including Chinese, Japanese, Guarani, Hebrew, and Armenian. There is also a Spanish Braille version.[13] In the United States of America, his only published work is The World of Quino (1986). Beginning in 2004, Quino's publisher in Argentina, Ediciones de la Flor, started publishing English-language collections of Mafalda strips under the series title Mafalda & Friends.[14]
Quino has opposed adapting Mafalda for cinema or theater; however, two series of animated shorts featuring Mafalda have been produced. The first, a series of 260 90-second films, was produced by Daniel Mallo for Argentine television starting in 1972. These were adapted into a full-length movie by Carlos Márquez in 1979 and released in 1981.[15] It remains relatively unknown. In 1993 Cuban filmmaker Juan Padrón, a close friend of Quino, directed 104 short animated Mafalda films, backed by Spanish producers.[16]
In 2024, an animated series of Mafalda exclusive to Netflix was announced, it will be written by director Juan José Campanella.[17]
Mafalda has occasionally been pointed out as being influenced by Charles Schulz's Peanuts, most notably by Umberto Eco, in 1968, who contrasted the two characters. While Eco thought of Mafalda and Charlie Brown as the unheard voices of children in the northern and southern hemispheres, Quino saw Mafalda as a socio-political strip, firmly rooted on family values. This is one of the reasons adults play a starring role in the strip, while they are never seen in the Charlie Brown universe. Quino does, however, acknowledge the influence of Schulz's work on his, in that Quino extensively studied Schulz's books in preparation for an advertising campaign he was working on in 1963. The advertising campaign was scrapped but he reused some of the material for the Mafalda series a year later.[18]
The appearance of Mafalda's character resembles that of the main character in the U.S. comic strip Nancy (known as Periquita in Latin America). There is also a reference in a strip where Miguelito buys a magazine that has Nancy on the cover, and asks Mafalda whom she looks like. In the next panel is implied that Mafalda replied, "¡Tu abuela!" ("Your granny!"), a phrase similar to "Your mama!" in English, as Miguelito stares at the magazine wondering, "My granny?"[19]
In 2009, a life-sized statue of Mafalda was installed in front of Quino's old home in the San Telmo neighborhood of Buenos Aires.[20]
In 2010, it was announced that the city of Gatineau, Quebec, Canada, had sought and obtained permission to name or rename a street after Mafalda, as part of a project to establish a neighbourhood named after famous comic strips and bande dessinée characters.[21]
In 2014, a life-sized statue of Mafalda was installed in Campo de San Francisco, a park located in Oviedo, Principality of Asturias' capital (northern Spain), after the Princess of Asturias Awards was conferred to Quino, for the creation of Mafalda, in the category of Communications and Humanities.[22]
El gallego es, de acuerdo al estereotipo cristalizado en la cultura argentina, bruto, tozudo, tacaño, torpe, franco, ingenuo. Puede ser el portero o el almacenero pero nunca un artista, pensador o intelectual. Y claro, se llamará indefectiblemente José o Manuel.
Traducida a una veintena de idiomas –entre los últimos, al guaraní, el hebreo y el armenio–, con una cuidada versión en Braille"; "...siendo que se ha publicado en Japón, China, Australia.
American politician David CooperBorn(1724-12-12)December 12, 1724Woodbury, New Jersey, U.S.DiedApril 1, 1795(1795-04-01) (aged 70)Woodbury, New Jersey, U.S.Resting placeQuaker Cemetery, New JerseyOccupationFarmer, politician, abolitionistSpouseSybil Matlack CooperChildrenAmos Cooper and Martha AllinsonRelativesJohn Cooper (brother)Signature David Cooper (December 12, 1724 – April 1, 1795) was an American farmer, Quaker, pamphleteer and an author of abolitionist ideals in the latter 1700s.…
Komorlar devlet başkanı, Afrika ada ülkesi Komorlar'ın bağımsızlığını kazandığı 1975 yılından bu yana ülkenin en üst makamında yer alan kişiye verilen unvandır. Ülke 1975 ile 1978 yılları arasında Komorlar Devleti, 1978 ile 2001 yılları arasında Federal Komorlar İslam Cumhuriyeti ve 2001 yılından itibaren de Komorlar Birliği olarak adlandırılmıştır. Ülkede devlet başkanı olarak görevde bulunan kişilerin listesi şu şekildedir: № Resim İsim(Doğum–
Metrobús Calchaquí LugarUbicación Avenida Los Quilmes - Avenida Calchaquí, Provincia de Buenos Aires, ArgentinaÁrea abastecida Partido de Quilmes, Partido de Berazategui y Partido de Florencio VarelaDescripciónTipo Autobús de tránsito rápidoSistema MetrobúsInauguración 04 de junio de 2019 (4 años)Inicio Triángulo de Bernal (Av. Los Quilmes y Acceso Sudeste en Quilmes)Fin Cruce Varela (Av. Calchaquí y Sargento Cabral en Fcio. Varela)Rutas Ruta Provincial 36Características téc…
Svetlana Evgen'evna SavickajaСветлана Евгеньевна СавицкаяCosmonautaNazionalità Unione Sovietica StatusPensionata Data di nascita8 agosto 1948 Selezione1980 (Gruppo MAP) Primo lancio19 agosto 1982 Ultimo atterraggio29 luglio 1984 Tempo nello spazio19 giorni, 17 ore e 6 minuti Numero EVA1 Durata EVA3h 35m Missioni Sojuz T-7 Saljut 7 Sojuz T-5 Sojuz T-12 Data ritiroottobre 1993 Modifica dati su Wikidata · Manuale Svetlana Evgen'evna Savickaja (in russo Светла
Bilanz Teilnehmende Rundfunkanstalt Erste Teilnahme 2004 Bisher letzte Teilnahme 2009 Anzahl der Teilnahmen 6 (Stand 2009) Höchste Platzierung 12 (2007 SF) Höchste Punktzahl 80 (2007 SF) Niedrigste Punktzahl 8 (2006 HF, 2009 SF) Punkteschnitt (seit erstem Beitrag) 25,17 (Stand 2009) Punkteschnitt pro abstimmendem Land im 12-Punkte-System 0,65 (Stand 2009) Dieser Artikel befasst sich mit der Geschichte Andorras als Teilnehmer am Eurovision Song Contest. Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Regelmäßigkeit der…
Por un Mundo Más Justo Presidente Antonio Sieira MucientesLíder Jorge Serrano ParadinasFundación 8 de enero de 2004Eslogan El fin de la pobreza en el mundo es una decisión política.Ideología Europeísmo Ecologismo InternacionalismoPosición TransversalismoSede C/ Romero Leal, 3, MéridaPaís España EspañaConcejales 0/67 515Sitio web www.porunmundomasjusto.esFacebook https://www.facebook.com/partidoporunmundomasjusto[editar datos en Wikidata] Por un Mundo Más Justo (M…
Paloma perdiz de las Fiyi Estado de conservaciónVulnerable (UICN 3.1)[1]TaxonomíaReino: AnimaliaFilo: ChordataClase: AvesOrden: ColumbiformesFamilia: ColumbidaeGénero: PampusanaEspecie: P. stairi(Gray, 1856)Sinonimia Gallicolumba stairiiAlopecoenas stairi [editar datos en Wikidata] La paloma perdiz amistosa, paloma perdiz de las Fiji o paloma perdiz de las Fiyi (Pampusana stairi)[2] es una especie de ave columbiforme de la familia Columbidae endémica de la…
Świnoujście Ciudad BanderaEscudo Lema: no tiene ŚwinoujścieLocalización de Świnoujście en Polonia Coordenadas 53°55′00″N 14°15′00″E / 53.916666666667, 14.25Entidad Ciudad • País Polonia • Voivodato Pomerania OccidentalAlcalde Janusz ŻmurkiewiczEventos históricos • Fundación Siglo XII • Creación 1765Superficie • Total 197.23 km²Altitud • Media 5 m s. n. m.Población (30 de junio de 2021…
لمعانٍ أخرى، طالع عبد الرزاق (توضيح). عبد الرزاق معلومات شخصية الميلاد 11 نوفمبر 1992 (العمر 31 سنة)بواكي الطول 1.81 م (5 قدم 11 بوصة) مركز اللعب وسط الجنسية ساحل العاج معلومات النادي النادي الحالي أورغريته الرقم 25 مسيرة الشباب سنوات فريق 2007–2010 كريستال بالاس 2010–2011 أ…
Infanta Caterina di PortogalloDuchessa di BraganzaStemma NascitaLisbona, Portogallo, 18 gennaio 1540 MorteVila Viçosa, Portogallo, 15 novembre 1614 PadreInfante Edoardo del Portogallo, duca di Guimarães MadreIsabella di Braganza Consorte diGiovanni I, duca di Braganza Caterina d'Aviz (Lisbona, 18 gennaio 1540 – Vila Viçosa, 15 novembre 1614) è stata una principessa portoghese e duchessa consorte di Braganza. Indice 1 Biografia 2 Matrimonio e figli 3 Ascendenza 4 Bibliografia 5 Voci c…
Marquesado de Valderrey Corona de marquésPrimer titular Manuel Pidal y Bernaldo de QuirósConcesión Alfonso XIII de España7 de agosto de 1914Linaje Casa de PidalActual titular vacante, por fallecimiento de su titular[editar datos en Wikidata] El marquesado de Valderrey es un título nobiliario español creado por el rey Alfonso XIII en favor de Manuel Pidal y Bernaldo de Quirós, diputado a Cortes, mediante real decreto del 4 de julio de 1914 y despacho expedido el 7 de agosto del m…
لمعانٍ أخرى، طالع قمة مجلس التعاون لدول الخليج العربية (توضيح). قمة مجلس التعاون الخليجي 2012 شعار المجلس شعار القمة الخليجية 2012 (المنامة)علم المجلس تفاصيل القمة الدولة البحرين تاريخ الانعقاد 24 ديسمبر 2012 (يوم الاثنين) مكان الانعقاد قصر الصخير ، منطقة الصخير المشاركون…
De kruisiging van Petrus kan verwijzen naar: De kruisiging van Petrus (Caravaggio), een schilderwerk van de Italiaanse kunstschilder Merisi da Caravaggio De kruisiging van Petrus (Michelangelo), een fresco van de Italiaanse kunstschilder en beeldhouwer Michelangelo Bekijk alle artikelen waarvan de titel begint met De kruisiging van Petrus of met De kruisiging van Petrus in de titel. Dit is een doorverwijspagina, bedoeld om de verschillen in betekenis of gebruik van De kr…
Species of bat Indian pipistrelle Conservation status Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)[1] Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Order: Chiroptera Family: Vespertilionidae Genus: Pipistrellus Species: P. coromandra Binomial name Pipistrellus coromandraGray, 1838 The Indian pipistrelle (Pipistrellus coromandra) is a species of bat in the family Vespertilionidae found in Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, India, Myanmar, Nep…
Overview of religion in Romania Religious affiliation in Romania according to the partial 2021 census results, given as percentages of the total stable population.[1] Eastern Orthodoxy (73.86%) Protestantism (5.97%) Catholicism (4.5%) Other (0.93%) Not religious (0.37%) Atheist (0.3%) Agnostic (0.13%) Refused to answer (9%) Missing data (4.94%) Cathedral of the Three Holy Hierarchs in Timi…
This biography of a living person needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially libelous.Find sources: Mallikarjuna Reddy – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (January 2020) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Mallikarjuna Red…
19th century vigilante group in Montana Territory, USA Stuart's Stranglers was a well-known vigilante group in Montana that was founded in 1884 and led by Granville Stuart in response to widespread livestock theft at that time. They were also less commonly known as the Montana Stranglers. History Background Cattle thieves posed a significant threat to the profits of ranchers in Montana Territory. The rustlers operated well-organized networks that stole stock in one region and sold it in another,…
Indian singer and lyricist Priya SaraiyaPriya Saraiya in 2019BornPriya Panchal (1984-11-19) 19 November 1984 (age 39)Mumbai, IndiaOccupation(s)Singer, lyricistYears active1990–presentSpouse Jigar Saraiya (m. 2013) Priya Saraiya (born 19 November 1984) is an Indian playback singer and lyricist in Bollywood. [1][2][3] She is also a live stage singer for Bollywood and Gujarati Folk Songs. [4][5][6] Education …
Political system of South Sudan Politics of South Sudan Constitution Executive President Salva Kiir Mayardit Vice Presidents Riek Machar Taban Deng Gai James Wani Igga Rebecca Nyandeng De Mabior Hussein Abdelbagi Government Cabinet of South Sudan Legislature Council of States Speaker: Deng Deng Akon National Legislative Assembly Speaker: Jemma Nunu Kumba Judiciary Supreme Court Administrative divisions States and administrative areas Governors Counties Payam Cities Boma Elections Recent election…
2008 video gameSpore CreaturesNintendo DS cover artDeveloper(s)Griptonite GamesMaxis[2]EA Mobile (WinM)Electronic Arts Nederland BV (BB)Electronic Arts (iPhone)Publisher(s)Electronic ArtsEA Mobile (WinM)Electronic Arts Nederland BV (BB)Designer(s)Dream SmithPlatform(s)Nintendo DS, Windows Mobile, BlackBerry, iPhoneRelease September 4, 2008 DSPAL: September 4, 2008NA: September 7, 2008JP: September 11, 2008KO: September 27, 2008Windows MobileWW: December 4, 2009BlackBerryWW: December 9, 2…
Lokasi Pengunjung: 3.135.218.14