Lucien Sebag (1933, Tunis – 1965, Paris) was a French Marxist anthropologist, a student of Claude Lévi-Strauss.

A researcher at the Centre national de la recherche scientifique, he became known for trying to reconcile structuralism and marxism in a book precisely entitled Marxisme et structuralisme (1964). Of suicidal temperament, he was followed by the psychoanalyst Jacques Lacan. In 1965, he committed suicide after falling in love with Judith, the daughter of Lacan.

• 1964: Marxisme et structuralisme, Paris, Payot
• 1971: L'Invention du monde chez les Indiens Pueblos, introduction by Jacqueline Bolens, Paris, Éditions Maspero [fr], (posthumous)
• 1977: Les Ayoré du Chaco septentrional. Étude critique à partir des notes de Lucien Sebag, by Carmen Bernand-Munoz

• Dossier, directed by Salvatore D'Onofrio, devoted to Lucien Sebag in the journal Gradhiva, Paris, fascicule no 2, 2005. Texts by Salvatore D'Onofrio, Bruno Karsenti [fr], Pierre Clastres, Violeta and Enrique Bruchegger, etc.

• Autour de Lucien Sebag on Gradhiva
• Lucian Sebag: Marxisme et structuralisme (compte rendu) on Persée
• Lucien Sebag: Le chamanisme ayoréo (article) on Persée
• [%22FR_751052331_FLS_e0000011%22,true,%22%22 Fonds Lucien Sebag on the site of the Collège de France