Burgh by Sands is a civil parish in the City of Carlisle in Cumbria, England. It contains 55 listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England. Of these, one is listed at Grade I, the highest of the three grades, three are at Grade II*, the middle grade, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade. The parish contains the villages of Burgh by Sands, Longburgh, Dykesfield, Boustead Hill, Moorhouse and Thurstonfield, and the surrounding countryside. A feature of the parish it that some of the oldest surviving houses and farm buildings were built in clay (the houses are known as "dabbins" or "daubins"),[1] and many of them are listed. During the 19th century the Carlisle Canal was built through the parish and, when this closed, its line was converted into the Port Carlisle Dock and Railway. Three surviving bridges and an aqueduct surviving from this are listed. Most of the other listed buildings are houses and associated structures, and farmhouses and farm buildings. In addition, the listed buildings include a church, a former Friends' meeting house, a monument, and a public house.
The north aisle was added in about 1200, and in the 14th century towers were added at the east and the west, the east tower being reduced in height probably in 1713. The church is built in Roman red sandstone and calciferous sandstone and has green slate roof. It consists of a nave with a clerestory, a north aisle, a chancel, the east tower used as a vestry, and a west tower. The east tower has two stages and the west has three. The walls of the west tower are extremely thick and contain a staircase within them; there are also arrow slits and a battlementedparapet. The north doorway is Norman in style and the rest of the church is Early English.[1][3]
A farmhouse, barns and outbuilding forming three sides of a farmyard. The house is in rendered clay with a brick end wall and a Welsh slate roof. It has two storeys and three bays. The doorway has an architrave and a mouldedcornice, the windows in the ground floor are sashes, and in the upper floor they are horizontally sliding sashes. The barn is in clay with a corrugated asbestos roof, it has a single storey and four bays. There is a large cart entrance, and inside are four pairs of full crucks. The outbuilding dates from the 19th century, it is in mixed cobbles and sandstone with quoins, and a roof partly of green slate and partly of asbestos. It has two storeys, numerous bays, and a large cart entrance. Incorporated into its wall is a Roman inscribed stone altar.[4][5]
Originally a longhouse, with a farmhouse, a cottage to the right and a barn to the left, all in a single row. The farmhouse has three bays, the cottage two, and the barn five. They are built in clay, with full crucks, the walls tapering as they rise. The roof of the farmhouse and cottage is thatched, and the roof of the barn is in corrugated iron. The building has one storey and an attic, and the windows are sashes. In the barn is a cart entrance.[4][6]
The cottage, which was extended in the 19th century, is built in clay, now rendered, and has a corrugated sheet roof. There is one storey and an attic, the original part has two bays, and at the east end is a one-bay extension and a rear offshut. There is one sash window and other smaller windows. The cottage is of cruck construction, the crucks being set high on the walls.[4][7]
A farmhouse, later a private house, that was raised in height in the early 19th century. Originally built in clay with a single storey and a loft, it was raised in height in brick to form two storeys. It has a Welsh slate roof and has four bays. The door has a wooden architrave, and the sash windows have plain surrounds. Inside the house are four pairs of full crucks.[9]
The farmhouse is in rendered clay, and has a roof of Welsh slate with some sandstone slate. There are two storeys and seven bays. The doors and windows have stone surrounds. Most of the windows are casements, with two horizontally sliding sash windows.[10]
Originally three houses, it was extended in the late 18th century and is now one dwelling. It is rendered, on the left side over clay, and on the right side over cobbles. The roof of the older part is in Welsh slates and sandstone slate, and the later part in green slate. There are two storeys, and four bays. The windows are sashes in plain surrounds. Inside the house is a pair of full crucks.[11]
The farmhouse and adjoining barn have green slate roofs and are in two storeys. The house is built in clay and has six bays. The doorway has an architrave and a moulded triangular pediment, and the windows are horizontally sliding sashes. The barn to the right is dated 1727, it is in brick with stone dressings and has eight bays. In the upper floor are sash windows with segmental heads and a loft door.[12]
The farmhouse is rendered, probably partly over clay, and has a Welsh slate roof. There are two storeys, five bays, and doors in stone surrounds. The windows are sashes, those in the upper floor in gableddormers. The stables are at right angles to the left, they are in cobble, and have a large cart entrance with a sandstone surround, and a loft opening above.[13][14]
The barn is built in clay with repairs in brick and cobbles. It has a roof of Welsh slate with some sandstone slate. The barn has a single storey and inside contains ten pairs of full crucks. The openings include a large cart entrance with a brick surround, entrances with rebatedcalciferous sandstone surrounds, and two loft entrances with wooden surrounds.[13][15]
A cottage and a former barn, the latter dating from the 18th century. The cottage is in rendered clay on projecting plinth stones, and there is a thatched roof. It has one storey, four bays, a door in a wooden surround, sash windows, and two buttresses. Internally it is of cruck construction. The barn to the left has two storeys, two bays, a door in a stone surround, casement windows, a blocked doorway, and a loft door.[16]
A farmhouse that was extended in the early 19th century. It is stuccoed, partly over clay, and has a green slate roof. There are two storeys, the original part has two bays and the extension, which is lower, has three. The windows are sashes, those in the original part having architraves.[17]
Originally two houses, later combined into one, it is in rendered clay with projecting graniteplinth stones, a wall to the right is in brick on cobbles, and the roof is in Welsh slate with some sandstone slate. The part to the left has two storeys and two bays, the part to the right has one storey and four bays. The doorway has a wooden architrave, and the windows are small casements. Inside the right part is a pair of upper crucks and an inglenook.[18][19]
The monument was rebuilt in 1803 following a collapse, and was restored and fenced in 1876. It is in red sandstone and consists of a square pillar about 20 feet (6.1 m) high. It has a mouldedplinth, a moulded cornice, and a shaped cap which is surmounted by a cross. There are inscriptions on the sides.[4][20]
The vicarage was extended in about 1734, and alterations were made later. It has two storeys, and roofs of green slate. The original part is in clay on large plinth stones, and is in two bays. On the road side are a casement window with an orielsash window above. Inside this part are two pairs of full crucks. The extension is higher, with two bays, and sash windows on the road side. On the side facing the churchyard are cast iron casements with intersecting tracery in false moulded arches. At the rear is an outshut with a 20th-century porch, door and windows.[1][21]
The wall surrounds a Quaker burial ground and is rectangular in plan. It is built in brick on a cobble foundation and has a rounded sandstonecoping. Parts of the wall have collapsed, and by the entrance is a collapsed dated lintel.[18][22]
A farmhouse and barn, the farmhouse being extended in the early 19th century. The original house is in rendered clay with a Welsh slate roof, and the extension is in brick on a chamfered stone plinth. The original part has two storeys and three bays, and the extension has one storey and two bays. The windows are casements. In the extension is a round-headed doorway that has a fanlight with a reeded pilaster surround, mouldedimpost blocks, and a keystone. The barn is in clay on projecting plinth stones, with repairs on brick and cobbles. It has one storey, seven bays, sash windows, ventilation slits, and a plank door. Inside are seven pairs of full crucks.[4][23]
The house was extended in 1760, it is in limestone on a sandstoneplinth, with quoins, an end wall in brick, and a roof mainly of Welsh slate and some sandstone slate. There are two storeys, the main part has three bays, and the extension has two. In the main part are casement windows and some blocked windows; in the extension is a segmental-arched doorway with a quoined surround, an entablature with a keystone, and a mouldedcornice, and the windows are sashes in architraves. The outbuilding to the right, originally a barn, is built in clay, it has a roof of sandstone slate, and contains a carriage door.[24][25]
A farmhouse and former barn in rendered clay with a green slate roof. There are two storeys, the farmhouse has four bays, the former barn has two, and on the front of the barn is a single-storey lean-to extension. The doorway has a stone surround and an inscribed and dated lintel, and the windows are sashes in stone surrounds. In the barn is a door and a left door, both in stone surrounds.[26]
The farmhouse was extended in the late 18th century. The earlier part is in brick with a Welsh slate roof. This was partly demolished for the addition of the later part, which is stuccoed with quoins and green slate roof. There are two storeys, the original part has two bays and the later part has five. In the earlier part is a porch and a mullioned window, and the later part has a round-headed doorway that has a fanlight with a pilastered surround and intersecting tracery, impost blocks and a keystone. The other windows in both parts are sashes.[27]
The building is in brick on a chamfered stone plinth, and has a green slate roof with copedgables. There are 1+1⁄2 storeys and six bays. The double doors are in a moulded round arch with impost blocks and a false dated keystone. The windows have plain surrounds.[18][28]
The former cottage has rendered clay walls on large projecting plinth stones, it has been repaired with cobbles and brick, and has a roof of Welsh slate with some sandstone slate. There is one storey, three bays, a plank door in a wooden surround and a steel casement window. Inside are two pairs of full crucks.[30]
The wall to the north of the meeting house is in mixed cobbles, sandstonerubble, and brick, with sandstone dressings. It is a low wall with chamferedcoping, and has a serpentine shape each side of the gateway. There are stone gate posts and a farm gate.[31]
The barn is built in clay on a massive boulder foundation, and has quoins and a Welsh slate roof. The front facing the road is faced with cobbles, and the sides and rear are rendered with some brick. On the street elevation are three partly blocked doorways, and at the rear are offshuts and varied doorways.[32]
A brick house with a roof of Welsh slate and sandstone slate. It has two storeys and three bays. The doorway has a mouldedarchitrave and a cornice. The windows are sashes in architraves. At the rear is an extension in cobbles that incorporates part of a former clay house.[4][34]
The cottage and attached barn are in cobbles with a slate roof, and both have two storeys and two bays. Beyond the barn is a single-storey single-bay extension. The house has quoins, and a doorway that has a fanlight with a pilastered surround and a triangular pediment. Most of the windows are sashes, above the door is an octagonal casement window, and there are also blocked windows. The barn to the right has doors and loft openings.[36]
The house was extended in the mid 19th century. It is stuccoed with a green slate roof, there are two storeys, the original part has four bays, and the flanking extension are gabled with one bay. The original part has a parapet, a prostyleDoric porch with an ogee-shaped pediment and urn finials, and sash windows in architraves. The extensions have bargeboards and sash windows in plain surrounds.[38]
A rendered house with a green slate roof. It has two storeys and three bays, with a single-storey two-bay extension to the left, and a single-bay extension to the right. The doorway and the windows, which are sashes, have plain stone surrounds.[39]
A brick farmhouse with quoins and a green slate roof. There are two storeys and three bays. The door has a pilastered surround with panelled reveals, impost blocks, and a keystone. The windows are sashes with flat brick arches and keystones.[41]
A stuccoed farmhouse on a chamferedplinth, with quoins and a green slate roof with copedgables. There are two storeys, five bays, and a later single-bay extension to the left. On the front is a tetrastyleDoric porch, the outer columns square and the inner ones round. The door has sidelights, and the windows, which are sashes, are in architraves.[44]
Possibly a watchtower, it is in brick, and is partly rendered. It is square with three storeys and a battlementedparapet. The ground floor is open and has a segmental arch with impost blocks and a keystone. External steps lead up to a first floor doorway, and on this floor are sash windows. The top floor contains casement windows.[46]
The house and outbuildings form four sides of a farmyard. They are in brick with green slate roofs, and have two storeys. The house has quoins, a mouldedstring course and a hipped roof. Its entrance front has four recessed bays in the centre, flanked by gabled two-bay wings. In the central section are two round-headed doorways that have fanlights with intersecting tracery, pilastered surrounds with impost blocks, and false keystones. The windows are sashes in architraves. The barn has a quoined round arch with a dated and inscribed keystone, above which is an oculus. At the rear is another outbuilding with a projecting cart entrance and ventilation slits.[18][48]
The farmhouse is in brick with pale headers, and has quoins, a Welsh slate roof, and a pebbledashed extension. The main part has two storeys and two bays, and the extension to the left has one storey and three bays. In the main part are sash windows in architraves, and in the extension is a doorway with an architrave, and casement windows with plain surrounds.[49]
A house and former stables in mixed cobbles and sandstonerubble masonry with calciferous sandstonequoins and dressings. It has a roof mainly of sandstone slate with some Welsh slate. There are two storeys, and the building has a U-shaped plan, formed by a three-bay front range, a three-bay wing at right anglers, and the former stable. The doorway and the windows, which are sashes, have plain stone surrounds.[50]
The farm buildings are in cobble with stone dressings and a hipped green slate roof. They contain two cart entrances with segmental arches, smaller doors with flat arches, loft doors, casement windows, and ventilation slits.[55]
The house is in two storeys with a green slate roof, and was extended later in the 19th century. The original part is rendered on a stone plinth, with three bays, a doorway that has a fanlight in a pilastered surround with a mouldedcornice, and sash windows with stone sills. The extension to the right is in brick with three bays. In the ground floor are cross-mullioned windows containing casements with cast iron patterns and hood moulds. In the upper floor are gableddormers with similar windows and with decorated bargeboards.[57]
The house, with stables to the left, have green slate roofs. The house is in chequered brick on a chamfered stone plinth, with quoins and a green slate roof. It has two storeys and three bays. The round-arched doorway has a fanlight in a pilastered surround with imposts and a keystone. The windows are sashes in plain surrounds. The stables, also in brick, have two storeys, two bays, plank doors, and a loft door.[18][58]
A former farmhouse in sandstone with quoins and a green slate roof. It has two storeys and three bays. The doorway and the windows, which are casements, have plain stone surrounds.[60]
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