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This is a list of locomotives including notable locomotives that are preserved in museums or in heritage railways. For a list of locomotive types or models, please see List of locomotive classes.

A list of locomotive classes that have a corresponding Wikipedia article. A locomotive or engine is a rail transport vehicle that provides the motive power for a train. If a locomotive is capable of carrying a payload, it is usually referred to as a multiple unit, motor coach, railcar or power car; the use of these self-propelled vehicles is increasingly common for passenger trains, but rare for freight^{[citation needed]} (see CargoSprinter).

Following is a mix of individual locomotives and of locomotive classes or models, organized by company.

For a list of preserved locomotives, such as those in museums, see List of preserved locomotives in the United States and List of preserved locomotives in Canada.

Significant individual locomotives

of Australia

Locomotive No. 1 (1854), oldest surviving locomotive from New South Wales at Powerhouse Museum (first locomotive of the NSW Government Railways).
QR A10 Neilson class 6 (1865), oldest surviving locomotive & oldest operating steam locomotive from Queensland at Workshops Rail Museum.
Ballaarat steam engine (1871), oldest surviving locomotive from Western Australia at Busselton, Western Australia.
CR NF class 5 (1877), oldest surviving locomotive & oldest operating steam locomotive from Commonwealth Railways, Northern Territory at Pine Creek railway station.
SAR V class 9 (1877), oldest surviving locomotive from South Australia at Naracoorte, South Australia.
VR F class 176 (1879), oldest surviving locomotive from Victoria at Newport Railway Museum.
NSWGR x10 class 1076 (1885), oldest operating steam locomotive from New South Wales at Goulburn Rail Heritage Centre
TGR C class 1 (1885), oldest surviving locomotive from Tasmania at West Coast Heritage Centre.
WAGR A class 15 (1886), oldest operating steam locomotive from Western Australia privately owned in Victoria.
Decauville 861 (1886), oldest operating steam locomotive from Victoria at Puffing Billy Railway.
Fowler 5265 (1886), oldest operating steam locomotive from Tasmania at Don River Railway.
SAR Yx class 141 (1892), oldest operating steam locomotive from South Australia at Pichi Richi Railway.
VR H class H220 (1941), largest locomotive built in Australia and the largest non-articulated steam locomotive to run on Australian railways
NSWGR C38 class 3801 (1943), Australia's most famous locomotive
SAR 520 class 520 & 523, (1943/1944) locomotive that a character named Shane, in The Great Race, was based on

of the United Kingdom

Salamanca (1812), first commercially successful steam locomotive, first to have two cylinders.
Puffing Billy (1813-14), oldest surviving locomotive.
GWR 3700 Class 3440 City of Truro, a GWR 3700 Class 4-4-0 steam locomotive built in 1903 for the Great Western Railway (GWR) at Swindon Works to a design by George Jackson Churchward. Some believe the locomotive to be the first to attain a speed of 100 miles per hour (160.9 km/h) during a run from Plymouth to London Paddington in 1904.
Flying Scotsman (1923), oldest operating steam locomotive.

of the United States

DeWitt Clinton (1831), influential in demonstrating cost-effectiveness and speed of railways, defeating canals.
The General (1855) of the Great Locomotive Chase through Georgia in the American Civil War.

Biggest locomotives

Preserved locomotives

These are historic locomotives preserved in museums, currently or formerly, or in heritage railways, currently or formerly, or otherwise. This is not intended to include deteriorating locomotives that are just still existing somewhere, without being restored or ever open to the public.

in Canada

There are numerous preserved locomotives in Canada.

in China

China has at least six preserved locomotives:

Three in the China Railways SN class:
- China Railways SN No.23, 0-10-0, in the China Railway Museum
- China Railways SN No.26, 0-10-0, in the Shanghai Railway Museum,^[1]
- China Railways SN No.29, 0-10-0, in the Yunnan Railway Museum.^[2]
At least three more locomotives at the Yunnan Railway Museum^[3]

in India

India has 40 or more preserved locomotives.

Fairy Queen (1855), formerly the oldest steam locomotive in regular service, located at National Rail Museum or at Rewari Railway Heritage Museum or put on occasional heritage runs
Sir Leslie Wilson (1928), a WCG-1 electric locomotive which belonged to the Great Indian Peninsular Railway (presently Central Railway), a khaki which moaned. At National Rail Museum.
Sir Roger Lumley (1930), a WCP-1 electric locomotive, at National Rail Museum
Two more locomotives at National Rail Museum.
At least two locomotives at Chennai Rail Museum, Chennai
Three at Rail Museum, Howrah, Kolkata
Nine at Railway Museum, Mysore, Mysore
Ten others at Rewari Railway Heritage Museum, National Capital Region
Eleven preserved WDM-2 locomotives at scattered other locations.

DHR 778 (1889), built in Glasgow, the only Darjeeling Himalayan Railway locomotive now located outside India, is now preserved in Oxfordshire, England.

in United Kingdom

With some overlap between sublists, preserved locomotives in the UK include:

More than 100 preserved British industrial steam locomotives, not including fireless ones
About 30 preserved fireless steam locomotives in Britain

Preserved locomotives of heritage railway in England

Steam locomotives and diesel locomotives of the Bluebell Railway
Steam locomotives, diesel locomotives, and multiple units of the Bodmin and Wenford Railway
Great Central Railway locomotives
Heritage Shunters Trust
Isle of Wight Steam Railway

in United States

There are numerous locomotives preserved in the United States.

Notes

References

^ 2015.11.7 上海铁路博物馆 _新浪博客
^ Yunnan Railway Museum Archived 2015-08-30 at the Wayback Machine
^ File:Yunnan Railway Museum - rolling stock - P1340649.JPG shows four locomotives.

Roberts, Earl W.; Stremes, David P., eds. (2022). "Part 3 - Preserved Railway and Traction Equipment". Canadian Trackside Guide 2022 (40th ed.). Ottawa, Ontario: Bytown Railway Society. ISSN 0829-3023.