List of endemic birds of Taiwan

A topographical map of Taiwan, showing altitude with colours; green lowlands along the island's western edge with a spine of mountains down the center and east showing in various shades of brown
Map of Taiwan, showing the island's topography

The island of Taiwan, which is located in southeast Asia at the junction of the East China Sea and South China Seas, is home to 30 endemic bird species.

Endemic Bird Areas

Birdlife International defines Endemic Bird Areas (EBAs) as places where the breeding ranges of two or more range-restricted species—those with breeding ranges of less than 50,000 km2 (19,000 sq mi)—overlap. In order to qualify, the whole of the breeding range of at least two range-restricted species must fall entirely within the EBA.[1] The entire island of Taiwan has been designated as an Endemic Bird Area.[2]

In addition, Orchid Island (Lán Yǔ), c. 75 km off the south-east coast of Taiwan has been designated as a secondary area, as two restricted-range species (Taiwan green pigeon and elegant scops owl) occur there.

List of species

IUCN Red List categories
Conservation status
 EX Extinct (0 species)
 EW Extinct in the wild (0 species)
 CR Critically Endangered (0 species)
 EN Endangered (0 species)
 VU Vulnerable (1 species)
 NT Near threatened (4 species)
 LC Least concern (24 species)
Other categories
 DD Data deficient (0 species)
 NE Not evaluated (1 species)
Endemic species
Taxon.
order[nb 1] 		Common name Picture Scientific name Habitat IUCN
status[nb 2] 		Notes
1 Taiwan partridge Photo of grey-bodied bird with brown and white striped wing and orange legs Arborophila crudigularis LC IUCN
2 Mikado pheasant Syrmaticus mikado NT IUCN
3 Swinhoe's pheasant Lophura swinhoii NT IUCN
4 Taiwan bamboo partridge Photo of plump, orange-bellied grey bird walking on gravel Bambusicola sonorivox LC IUCN
5 Taiwan barbet Psilopogon nuchalis LC IUCN
6 Taiwan blue magpie Urocissa caerulea LC IUCN
7 Chestnut-bellied tit Sittiparus castaneoventris LC IUCN
8 Yellow tit Machlolophus holsti NT IUCN
9 Styan's bulbul Pycnonotus taivanus VU IUCN
10 Taiwan cupwing Pnoepyga formosana LC IUCN
11 Taiwan bush warbler Locustella alishanensis LC IUCN Also known as Taiwan grasshopper-warbler[5]
12 Taiwan fulvetta Fulvetta formosana LC IUCN
13 Taiwan yuhina Yuhina brunneiceps LC IUCN
14 Streak-breasted scimitar babbler Pomatorhinus musicus LC IUCN
15 Black-necklaced scimitar babbler Erythrogenys erythrocnemis LC IUCN
16 White-whiskered laughingthrush Trochalopteron morrisonianum LC IUCN
17 White-eared sibia Heterophasia auricularis LC IUCN
18 Taiwan barwing Actinodura morrisoniana LC IUCN
19 Steere's liocichla Liocichla steerii LC IUCN Also known as Taiwan liocichla[6]
20 Taiwan hwamei Garrulax taewanus NT IUCN
21 Rufous-crowned laughingthrush Pterorhinus ruficeps LC IUCN
22 Rusty laughingthrush Pterorhinus poecilorhynchus LC IUCN
23 Flamecrest Regulus goodfellowi LC IUCN
24 Taiwan thrush Turdus niveiceps LC IUCN
25 Taiwan vivid niltava Niltava vivida LC IUCN Also known as small niltava[7]
26 Taiwan shortwing Brachypteryx goodfellowi LC IUCN
27 Collared bush robin Tarsiger johnstoniae LC IUCN
28 Taiwan whistling thrush Myophonus insularis LC IUCN
29 Taiwan bullfinch Pyrrhula owstoni Not recognised by the IUCN Sometimes considered a subspecies of the grey-headed bullfinch[8]
30 Taiwan rosefinch Carpodacus formosanus LC IUCN

Notes

  1. ^ This list uses the taxonomy proposed by the International Ornithologists' Union.[3] Avian checklists and field guides typically list species in taxonomic order to show the evolutionary relationships between species; those which are more closely related are physically listed nearer each other.[4]
  2. ^ This column sorts by threat level, as outlined in the key above.

Citations

  1. ^ BirdLife International 2004.
  2. ^ BirdLife International 2022a.
  3. ^ Gill, Donsker & Rasmussen 2022.
  4. ^ Cornell Lab of Ornithology 2015.
  5. ^ BirdLife International 2022b.
  6. ^ BirdLife International 2022c.
  7. ^ BirdLife International 2022d.
  8. ^ BirdLife International 2022e.

References

  • BirdLife International (2004). "Most Endemic Bird Areas are in the tropics and important for other biodiversity too". birdlife.org. Retrieved 1 April 2022.
  • BirdLife International (2022a). "Data Zone: Taiwan". Retrieved 1 April 2022.
  • BirdLife International (2022b). "Data Zone: Taiwan Grasshopper-Warbler". Retrieved 2 April 2022.
  • BirdLife International (2022c). "Data Zone: Taiwan Liocichla". Retrieved 3 April 2022.
  • BirdLife International (2022d). "Data Zone: Small Niltava". Retrieved 5 April 2022.
  • BirdLife International (2022e). "Data Zone: Grey-headed Bullfinch". Retrieved 5 April 2022.
  • Cornell Lab of Ornithology (16 November 2015). "What is taxonomic order and why is it used for the sequence of birds in my field guide?". All About Birds. Retrieved 31 March 2022.
  • Gill, Frank; Donsker, David & Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (2022). "IOC World Bird List". IOC. Retrieved 31 March 2022.