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The following list of Theta Xi members includes initiated and honorary notable members of Theta Xi. Members are listed by name and chapter.

• Jim Davis (Kappa Kappa 159), creator of Garfield comic strip
• Emil Praeger (Alpha 272), American architect and civil engineer.

• Marshall Goldsmith (Kappa 721), American executive leadership coach and author
• Charles Hayden (Delta 24), banker, businessman, financier and philanthropist
• Travis Kalanick (Alpha Zeta 1223), Founder & ex-CEO of Uber
• Jack Lindquist (Alpha Nu 263), former president of Disneyland (1990–1994)

• Palmer C. Ricketts (Alpha 84), Ninth president of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
• William F. Sharpe (Alpha Zeta 402), Awarded the 1990 Nobel Prize in Economics for his Capital Asset Pricing Model and emeritus professor at Stanford University's Graduate School of Business

• Jay Alders (Gamma Mu 11), Internationally acclaimed Visual Artist. Named "Best Surf Artist of the Decade" by Brazil's Alma Surf Magazine
• Richard Boone (Tau), Emmy winning actor, (former, blackballed)
• Bruce Davison (Lambda 715), Golden Globe-winning actor
• Bill Doleman (Alpha Epsilon), Studio Analyst for Root Sport Southwest
• Buddy De Sylva (Alpha Nu 78), Oscar-nominated composer, producer, and executive
• Henderson Forsythe, Tony award-winning actor and one of the actors who has played Colonel Sanders for KFC
• Ferde Grofé (Alpha Nu 340), Noted Composer
• Charles Lederer, film screenwriter, Tony award double winner, producer
• Dudley Nichols, Oscar-winning screenwriter
• Patrick Simmons (Beta Beta 272) Musician, author and founding member of The Doobie Brothers

• Ronald L. Burgess, Jr. (Beta Zeta 409, Auburn University) - 17th Director of the Defense Intelligence Agency
• Eric O'Neill (Beta Zeta 707, Auburn University) - a former American FBI operative. He worked as an Investigative Specialist, of the Special Surveillance Group (SSG), and played a pivotal role in the arrest and life imprisonment conviction of his fellow agent, Robert Hanssen, for spying on behalf of the Soviet Union and Russia. Subject of the movie Breach

• Bill Dedman (Iota 1089), Pulitzer Prize-winning investigative reporter and bestselling author
• John S. McCain, Jr. (Kappa Lambda 82 - Alumni Initiate - Old Dominion University) Admiral USN (Ret.)
• Richard Reeves (Gamma 722), Author and syndicated columnist

• Major William H. Wiley (Alpha 11, 1st President of the Grand Lodge), major in the Union Army during the Civil War and United States Representative from New Jersey

• Alva B. Adams (Beta 209, Yale University) - U.S. Senator from Colorado 1923-1924, 1933-1941
• Frank Church (Tau Chapter), Stanford University - United States Senator from Idaho 1957-1981
• Jim Donelon (Beta Xi 27, University of New Orleans) - Louisiana Insurance Commissioner, Former State Representative
• Mayson Foster (Beta Pi 42, Southeastern Louisiana University) – Mayor of Hammond, Louisiana
• Claude Harris, Jr. (Alpha Lambda 421) (University of Alabama) - US Congress Representative from Alabama (1987–1993); Circuit Judge, 1977–1985
• Donald H. Magnuson (Upsilon Chapter) - U.S. Congressman from Washington

• Ray Klinginsmith (Beta Iota 1), World President of Rotary International 2010-2011
• David Hirsch (Alpha Beta 1078), Founder 21st Century Dads Foundation 2015–Present

• Edwin Howard Armstrong (Epsilon 70), inventor and the Father of FM Radio
• Allen B. DuMont (Alpha 349), American scientist and inventor
• James Hall (Alpha 38) Geologist and Paleontologist
• Raymie Stata (Delta Chapter - MIT) Inventor
• James S. Voss (Beta Zeta 312), Astronaut; He is a veteran of five space missions and lived on the International Space Station for five and a half months.
• Frederick Winslow Taylor (Gamma 53), Father of Scientific Management

• Al Brosky (Alpha Beta 563), Illinois safety and member of the College Football Hall of Fame.
• Ray Clay (Gamma Kappa 35), ex-Chicago Bulls Announcer.
• Lee Eilbracht (Alpha Beta 463), lead Illinois to four Big Ten baseball titles, and had a brief stint with the Chicago Cubs before becoming a scout for the Arizona Diamondbacks.
• Ryan Mathews (Kappa Sigma 1141), NASCAR Camping World Truck Series driver for Bill Davis Racing.
• Tom Penders (Alpha Pi 573), Head men's basketball coach at the University of Houston.
• Frank Quilici (Beta Theta 54), former manager of the Minnesota Twins.
• Bob Schaefer (Alpha Pi 570), former manager of the Kansas City Royals.
• Jerry Tagge (Alpha Epsilon 916), National Championship American football quarterback for the 1970 and 1971 Nebraska Cornhuskers and the Green Bay Packers.
• Steve Wright (Alpha Lambda 430), played on University of Alabama Sugar Bowl team, Green Bay fifth-round pick in 1964.