PROFILPELAJAR.COM

This is the list of Soviet computer systems. The Russian abbreviation EVM (ЭВМ), present in some of the names below, means "electronic computing machine" (Russian: электронная вычислительная машина).

List of hardware

The Russian abbreviation EVM (ЭВМ), present in some of the names below, means "electronic computing machine" (Russian: электронная вычислительная машина).

Ministry of Radio Technology

Computer systems from the Ministry of Radio Technology:^[1]

Agat (Агат) — Apple II clone
ES EVM (ЕС ЭВМ), IBM mainframe clone
ES PEVM (ЕС ПЭВМ), IBM PC compatible
M series — series of mainframes and mini-computers
Minsk (Минск)
Poisk (Поиск) — IBM PC-XT clone
Setun (Сетунь) — unique balanced ternary computer.
Strela (Стрела)
Ural (Урал) — mainframe series
Vector-06C (Вектор-06Ц)

Ministry of Instrument Making

Computer systems from the Ministry of Instrument Making:^[1]

Aragats (Арагац)
Iskra (Искра) — common name for many computers with different architecture
- Iskra-1030 — Intel 8086 XT clone
KVM-1 (КВМ-1)
SM EVM (СМ ЭВМ) — most models were PDP-11 clones, while some others were HP 2100, VAX or Intel compatible

Ministry of the Electronics Industry

Computer systems from the Ministry of Electronics Industry:^[1]

Elektronika (Электроника) family
- DVK family (ДВК) — PDP-11 clones
- Elektronika BK-0010 (БК-0010, БК-0011) — LSI-11 clone home computer
- UKNC (УКНЦ) — educational, PDP11-like
- Elektronika 60, Elektronika 100
- Elektronika 85 — Clone of DEC Professional (computer) 350 (F11)
- Elektronika 85.1 — Clone of DEC Professional (computer) 380 (J11)
- Elektronika D3-28
- Elektronika SS BIS (Электроника СС БИС) — Cray clone

Soviet Academy of Sciences

BESM (БЭСМ) — series of mainframes
Besta (Беста) — Unix box, Motorola 68020-based, Sun-3 clone
Elbrus (Эльбрус) — high-end mainframe series
Kronos (Кронос)
MESM (МЭСМ) — first Soviet Union computer (1950)
M-1 — one of the earliest stored program computers (1950–1951)

ZX Spectrum clones

ATM Turbo
Dubna 48K – running at half the speed of the original
Hobbit
Pentagon
Radon 'Z'
Scorpion

Other

5E** (5Э**) series – military computers
- 5E51 (5Э51)
- 5E53 (5Э53)
- 5E76 (5Э76) – IBM/360 clone, military version
- 5E92 (5Э92)
- 5E92b (5Э92б)
A series — ES EVM-compatible military computers
Argon — a series of military real-time computers
AS-6 (АС-6) – multiprocessor computing complex, name is Russian abbreviation for "Connection Equipment – 6"
Dnepr (Днепр)
GVS-100 (ГВС-100, Гибридная Вичислителная Система) – Hybrid Computer System
Irisha (Ириша)
Juku (Юку) — Estonian school computer
Kiev (Киев)
Korvet (Корвет)
Krista (Криста)
Micro-80 (Микро-80) — experimental PC, based on 8080-compatible processor
Microsha (Микроша) — modification of Radio-86RK
MIR, МИР (uk:ЕОМ "МИР-1", uk:ЕОМ "МИР-2")
Nairi (Наири)
Orion-128 (Орион-128)
Promin (Проминь)
PS-2000, PS-3000 – multiprocessor supercomputers in the 1980s
Razdan (Раздан)
Radon — real-time computer, designed for anti-aircraft defense
Radio-86RK — simplified and modified version of Micro-80
Sneg^[2] (Снег)
Specialist (Специалист)
SVS
TsUM-1 (ЦУМ-1)
TIA-MC-1 An arcade system
UM (УМ)
UT-88
Vesna and Sneg^[2] — early mainframes

List of operating systems

For Kronos
- Kronos^[3]
For BESM
- D-68 (Д-68, Диспетчер-68, Dispatcher-68)
- DISPAK ("Диспетчер Пакетов," Dispatcher of the Packets)
- DUBNA ("ДУБНА")
For ES EVM
- DOS/ES ("Disk Operation system for ES EVM")
- OS/ES ("Disk Operation system for ES EVM")
For SM EVM
- RAFOS (РАФОС), FOBOS (ФОБОС) and FODOS (ФОДОС) — RT-11 clones
- OSRV (ОСРВ) — RSX-11M clone, one of the most popular Soviet multi-user systems
- DEMOS — BSD-based Unix-like; later was ported to x86 and some other architectures
- INMOS (ИНМОС, Инструментальная мобильная операционная система)
For 8-bit microcomputers
- MicroDOS (МикроДОС) — CP/M 2.2 clone
For ZX Spectrum clones
- iS-DOS, TASiS
- DNA-OS
For different platforms
- MISS (Multipurpose Interactive timeSharing System) – ES EVM ES1010, ES EVM ES1045, D3-28M, PC-compatible, etc.
MOS (operating system) – a Soviet clone of Unix in the 1980s