The following is a list of Australian penal colonies that existed from the establishment of European presence in the 1780s up until the nineteenth century.[citation needed] The term colony had referred to settlements and larger land areas at that time.
Notes
- ^ Later renamed Tasmania
- ^ Convicts transferred back to Sydney
- ^ Last convict ship arrived 9 January 1868
- ^ Except for an 11-year hiatus between 15 February 1814 and 6 June 1825
