Lava Butte

Lava Butte
Highest point
Elevation5,023 ft (1,531 m) NAVD 88[1]
Prominence509 ft (155 m)[2]
Coordinates43°55′04″N 121°21′22″W / 43.917857481°N 121.356032936°W / 43.917857481; -121.356032936[1]
Geography
Topo mapUSGS Lava Butte
Geology
Age of rockAbout 7,000 years
Mountain typeCinder cone
Last eruptionAbout 7,000 years ago
Climbing
Easiest routeRoad

Lava Butte is a cinder cone in central Oregon, United States, just west of U.S. Route 97 between the towns of Bend, and Sunriver in Deschutes County. It is part of a system of small cinder cones on the northwest flank of Newberry Volcano, a massive shield volcano which rises to the southeast. The cinder cone is capped by a crater which extends about 60 feet (20 m) deep beneath its south rim, and 160 feet (50 m) deep from the 5,020-foot (1,530 m) summit on its north side. Lava Butte is part of the Newberry National Volcanic Monument.

Volcanic history

Visible from the top of Lava Butte is the black lava flow leading to Route 97.

Like the other cinder cones in the area, Lava Butte only experienced a single eruption, dated by geologists in 1977 to 6,150 carbon-14 years, equivalent to about 7,000 years ago. The eruption began with a fissure spewing hot cinders to form the cone. In the next phase, a river of hot basalt flowed from the base of the small volcano to cover a large area to the west with a lava flow which remains largely free of vegetation. The lava flows reached the Deschutes River about 2.5 miles (4.0 km) to the west of the cone, burying its former channel under over 100 feet (30 m) of lava and damming the river to form a lake, known as Lake Benham. The river eventually overflowed the lava dam and eroded down into it, draining the lake and forming Benham Falls. Geologists estimate that 90% of the magma erupted as lava flows, 9% as scoria which forms the cone, and 1% as volcanic ash which forms a thin layer extending to the north.

Human history

Lava Butte from the south

The early history of Lava Butte is not known, but it is assumed that Native Americans observed the eruptions and later ascended the prominent new landmark. White settlers arriving in the 1800s also noted the landmark. In 1903, I.C. Russell was the first geologist to study the butte and speculated that it erupted as recently as 150 years ago.[3] Dr. Howel Williams estimated it to be much older, but incorrectly at 1,000 years old.[3] In September 1914, Lava Butte "erupted" when the Bend Chamber of Commerce simulated an eruption to surprise a visiting Portland group. In 1925, USGS geologist Harold Stearns studied the Newberry area and recognized the fissure system which extends from Lava Butte to East Lake within Newberry Caldera.

Sometime after 1901, the Great Northern Railway was extended south through the area. The construction crew built the rail line directly through the ʻAʻā lava flow of Lava Butte.[3]

Sign at the summit of the butte

The cinder cone was also exploited to some extent for its economic value. In June 1926, a quarry was developed in the fault scarp east of Lava Butte as a source for paving material for the first The Dalles-California Highway (later U.S. Route 97). In November 1929, cinders from Lava Butte were shipped to Longview, Washington, to be used in construction of Longview Bridge across Columbia River.

A United States Forest Service fire lookout tower was built on the summit in 1931, and in early 1933 a steep, single-lane road was constructed spiraling up to the summit. In February of that year, the local Skyliners ski club proposed a ski jump on Lava Butte, but it was never built. In June 1946, widening of the road up Lava Butte to two lanes was completed, along with constructing two small parking lots at the summit. The road was later paved in July 1950. The original lookout was replaced with a larger one in 1957, which was subsequently enlarged in 1962 to accommodate a small visitor center and museum on the first floor. In 1998 this was replaced with a new lookout built in the original L-4 style of 1931.

In July 1966, twenty-two astronauts trained in Central Oregon for the upcoming Moon landings, at sites including Lava Butte, Lava River Cave, and Newberry Crater. In May 1967 the U.S. Forest Service created the 8,983 acres (3,635 ha) Lava Butte Geological Area to protect the cinder cone, with plans for recreational and interpretive development. Construction of the Lava Lands Visitor Center located just south of the cone began in April 1969 and it was finally dedicated in September 1975. In November 1990, Newberry National Volcanic Monument was created encompassing Newberry Crater, Lava Cast Forest Geological Area, Lava River Cave, and the Lava Butte Geological Area.

From early May to mid October, a shuttle transports visitors up Red Cinder Road from the Lava Lands Visitor Center to the lookout on Lava Butte. Hiking up Red Cinder Road is a year-round option. A scenic rim trail around the top of Lava Butte is 0.35 miles (0.56 km) long.[4]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b "Lava Butte Reset". NGS Data Sheet. National Geodetic Survey, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, United States Department of Commerce. Retrieved 2012-05-04.
  2. ^ "Lava Butte, Oregon". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 2012-05-04.
  3. ^ a b c Brogan, Phil F. (1962). The Lava Butte Geological Area. Deschutes National Forest United States Forest Service. p. 12.
  4. ^ "Lava Butte in Newberry National Volcanic Monument". hikespeak.com. Hikespeak. Retrieved December 20, 2018.

Read other articles:

French footballer and managerMichel Mézy Mézy in 2013Personal informationFull name Szakács Márton MézyDate of birth (1948-08-15) 15 August 1948 (age 75)Place of birth Aigues-Mortes, FranceHeight 1.75 m (5 ft 9 in)Position(s) MidfielderSenior career*Years Team Apps (Gls)1965–1975 Nîmes 248 (17)1975–1977 Lille 61 (5)1977–1979 Nîmes 71 (3)1979–1982 Montpellier 78 (1)Total 458 (26)International career1970–1973 France 17 (1)Managerial career1990 Montpellier1992...

Koordinat: 26°8′30″N 32°40′13″E / 26.14167°N 32.67028°E / 26.14167; 32.67028 Pemandangan kompleks Kuil Dendera Kuil Hathor, Dendera Kompleks Kuil Dendera (bahasa Mesir Kuno: Iunet atau Tantere; pengucapan Inggris abad ke-19 di banyak sumber, termasuk Belzoni, adalah Tentyra) berjarak sekitar 25 kilometer (16 mi) dari tenggara Dendera, mesir. Ini adalah salah satu kompleks kuil yang tersaji baik di Mesir. Referensi Bacaan tambahan Jed Z. Buchwald, Egypt...

Perdita sexmaculataPhân loại khoa họcGiới (regnum)AnimaliaNgành (phylum)ArthropodaLớp (class)InsectaBộ (ordo)HymenopteraHọ (familia)AndrenidaePhân họ (subfamilia)PanurginaeTông (tribus)PerditiniChi (genus)PerditaLoài (species)P. sexmaculataDanh pháp hai phầnPerdita sexmaculataCockerell, 1895 Perdita sexmaculata là một loài Hymenoptera trong họ Andrenidae. Loài này được Cockerell mô tả khoa học năm 1895.[1] Hình ảnh Chú thích ^ (2008) Integr...

Dreamer of Dune: The Biography of Frank Herbert Cover of the first editionAuthorBrian HerbertCountryUnited StatesLanguageEnglishSubjectFrank HerbertPublisherTor BooksPublication date2003Media typePrint (Hardcover & Paperback)Pages576ISBN0765306468 Dreamer of Dune: The Biography of Frank Herbert is a 2003 biography of the American science fiction author Frank Herbert written by his son, Brian Herbert. It was a Hugo Award for Best Related Work finalist in 2004.[1] References ^ ...

Para otros usos de este término, véase Coque (desambiguación). Coque El coque es un combustible sólido formado por la destilación de carbón bituminoso calentado a temperaturas de 500 a 1100 °C sin contacto con el aire.[1]​[2]​[3]​ El proceso de destilación implica que se eliminan el alquitrán, gases y agua.[3]​ Este combustible o residuo se compone entre un 90 y un 95 % de carbono.[1]​[3]​ El nitrógeno, oxígeno, azufre e hidrógeno est�...

Artikel ini sebatang kara, artinya tidak ada artikel lain yang memiliki pranala balik ke halaman ini.Bantulah menambah pranala ke artikel ini dari artikel yang berhubungan atau coba peralatan pencari pranala.Tag ini diberikan pada Januari 2023. Orkestra Bali (atau kadang juga disingkat sebagai Orkes Bali) adalah suatu orkestra khas etnis Bali yang berasal dan berkembang dari pulau Bali di Indonesia. Gamelan Bali Artikel utama: Gamelan Bali Gamelan Bali adalah salah satu jenis gamelan yang ada...

1st Chief Minister of Uttarakhand Nityanand Swami1st Chief Minister of UttarakhandIn office9 November 2000 – 29 October 2001Preceded byOffice EstablishedSucceeded byBhagat Singh KoshyariChairman of the Uttar Pradesh Legislative CouncilIn office23 May 1996 – 8 November 2000Preceded byShiv Prasad GuptaSucceeded byOm Prakash Sharma (acting) Personal detailsBorn27 December 1927Narnaul, Punjab, British India(now in Haryana, India)Died12 December 2012(2012-12-12) (aged...

This article is about the film. For the Ramayana Monkey Chant, see Kecak. This article may need to be rewritten to comply with Wikipedia's quality standards. You can help. The talk page may contain suggestions. (May 2022) Monkey Dance is a 2004 documentary film by Julie Mallozzi, a filmmaker based in Boston. The film follows three Cambodian-American teens growing up in Lowell, Massachusetts as they face the challenges of urban America, learn from traditional culture and dance, and reflect on ...

Historic cemetery in Boone County, Missouri United States historic placeColumbia CemeteryU.S. National Register of Historic Places Show map of MissouriShow map of the United StatesLocation30 East Broadway, Columbia, MissouriCoordinates38°56′57″N 92°20′14″W / 38.94917°N 92.33722°W / 38.94917; -92.33722Area26 acres (11 ha)Built1820 (1820)ArchitectMajor, Horace F.,Architectural styleRomanesque, rural cemeteryNRHP reference No.06001335&...

Paavo VäyrynenMenteri Perdagangan Luar Negeri dan Pengembangan InternasionalMasa jabatan19 April 2007 – 22 Juni 2011Perdana MenteriMatti VanhanenMari KiviniemiPendahuluPaula LehtomäkiPenggantiAlexander Stubb (Perdagangan Luar Negeri)Heidi Hautala (Pengembangan Internasional)Minister of Foreign AffairsMasa jabatan26 April 1991 – 5 Mei 1993Perdana MenteriEsko AhoPendahuluPertti PaasioPenggantiHeikki HaavistoMasa jabatan6 Mei 1983 – 30 April 1987Perdana Menteri...

هذه المقالة يتيمة إذ تصل إليها مقالات أخرى قليلة جدًا. فضلًا، ساعد بإضافة وصلة إليها في مقالات متعلقة بها. (نوفمبر 2020) الاختبار المسرَّع لعمر الخدمة عملية اختبار منتج عن طريق إخضاعه لظروف (إجهاد، انفعال، درجات حرارة، فرق جهد، معدل اهتزازات، ضغط، ...إلخ) تفوق مؤشرات الخدمة ال�...

Indian association football club Football clubSBI KeralaFull nameState Bank of India Kerala Football ClubNickname(s)SBT SBI KeralaFounded1986; 37 years ago (1986)(as State Bank of Travancore Football Club)GroundUniversity Stadium, ThiruvananthapuramCapacity20,000ManagerV. P. ShajiLeagueKerala Premier League2016–17Group stage, 4th State Bank of India Kerala Football Club, also known as SBI Kerala FC (formerly known as SBT Thiruvananthapuram), was a football club based in Th...

The Military ranks of Somalia are the military insignia used by the Somali Armed Forces. Being a former Italian protectorate, Somalia shares a rank structure similar to that of Italy.[1] The highest rank is lieutenant general. The current person holding this rank is Bashir Mohamed Jama, former head of the Somali Custodial Corps (Somali: Ciidamada Asluubta).[2] Commissioned officer ranks The rank insignia of commissioned officers. Rank group General / flag officers Senior offi...

Paghimo ni bot Lsjbot. Heliotropium fasciculatum Siyentipikinhong Pagklasipikar Kaginharian: Plantae Kabahig: Tracheophyta Kahutong: Magnoliopsida Kahanay: Boraginales Kabanay: Heliotropiaceae Kahenera: 'Heliotropium' Espesye: ''Heliotropium fasciculatum'' Siyentipikinhong Ngalan Heliotropium fasciculatumR. Br. Kaliwatan sa tanom nga bulak ang Heliotropium fasciculatum.[1] Una ning gihulagway ni Robert Brown.[2] Ang Heliotropium fasciculatum sakop sa kahenera nga Heliotropium,...

Elymus albicansPhân loại khoa họcGiới (regnum)Plantae(không phân hạng)Angiospermae(không phân hạng)MonocotsBộ (ordo)PoalesHọ (familia)PoaceaeChi (genus)ElymusLoài (species)E. albicansDanh pháp hai phầnElymus albicans(Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Á.Löve Elymus albicans là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Hòa thảo. Loài này được (Scribn. & J.G.Sm.) Á.Löve mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1980.[1] Hình ảnh Chú thích ^ The Plant List...

مقهى بغدادBagdad Café (بالإنجليزية) معلومات عامةالصنف الفني كوميديا درامية تاريخ الصدور 12.11.1987مدة العرض 95 دقيقة (النسخة الإنجليزية) 108 دقيقة (النسخة الألمانية)اللغة الأصلية الإنجليزيةالألمانيةالبلد  ألمانيا موقع التصوير كاليفورنيا الجوائز  جائزة أماندا لأفضل فيلم أجنبي ...

Map all coordinates using OSMMap up to 200 coordinates using Bing Export all coordinates as KML Export all coordinates as GeoRSS Export all coordinates as GPX Map all microformatted coordinates Place data as RDF Ang Pinge ngalan niining mga mosunod: Angola 1 2 3 Mga dapit nga gitawag Pinge sa Angola. Pinda (suba sa Angola, Província do Uíge, lat -6,15, long 15,13), 6°09′00″S 15°08′00″E / 6.15°S 15.13333°E / -6.15; 15.13333 (Pinda (suba sa Angola,...

Paso Chocolate Osnovni podaci Država  Meksiko Savezna država Veracruz Opština Medellín Stanovništvo Stanovništvo (2014.) 25[1] Geografija Koordinate 18°54′47″N 96°15′29″W / 18.91306°N 96.25806°W / 18.91306; -96.25806 Vremenska zona UTC-6, leti UTC-5 Nadmorska visina 38[1] m Paso ChocolatePaso Chocolate na karti Meksika Paso Chocolate je naselje u Meksiku, u saveznoj državi Veracruz, u opštini Medellín. Prema proceni iz 2014. g...

Kinosternidae Siyentipiko nga pagklasipika Ginhadi-an: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Ubosphylum: Vertebrata Klase: Reptilia Orden: Testudines Banay: Kinosternidae Binomial nga ngaran Kinosternidae An Kinosternidae[1] in uska familia han Testudines. An Kinosternidae in nahilalakip ha ordo nga Testudines, classis nga Reptilia, phylum nga Chordata, ngan regnum nga Animalia.[1] An familia nga Kinosternidae in naglalakip hin 25 ka mga species, sumala ha Catalogue of Life[1]. A...

American college basketball postseason 2021 Big Ten men's basketball tournamentClassificationDivision ISeason2020–21Teams14SiteLucas Oil StadiumIndianapolis, INChampionsIllinois (3rd title)Winning coachBrad Underwood (1st title)MVPAyo Dosunmu (Illinois)TelevisionBTN, CBSBig Ten men's basketball tournaments← 20202022 → 2020–21 Big Ten Conferencemen's basketball standings Conf Overall Team W   L   PCT W   L   PCT No. 4 Michigan 14 R...