^ abcdMarc D. Angel, The Sephardim of the United States: An Exploratory Study. Originally published in American Jewish life, 1920-1990, Taylor & Francis, 1998, ISBN0-415-91925-8. Volume 4 of the 8-volume Routledge series American Jewish history, Jeffrey S. Gurock, ed. PDF accessed online 2009-10-30; this is on p. 33 of the PDF, p. 109 of the book.
^ abHelene Schwartz Kenvin, This Land of Liberty: A History of America's Jews, Behrman House, 1986, ISBN0-87441-421-0, p. 133.
^ abAlbert Adatto, Sephardim and the Seattle Sephardic Community, University of Washington masters thesis (1939), available at Seattle Central Library Seattle Room. p. 35–36.