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Lübben

Lubin
Lübben Lubin
Town
	Lübben Castle
	Coat of arms
	Location of Lübben within Dahme-Spreewald district
	Lübben Lübben
	Coordinates: 51°57′N 13°54′E / 51.950°N 13.900°E
Country	Germany
State	Brandenburg
District	Dahme-Spreewald
Subdivisions	6 Ortsteile bzw. Stadtbezirke
Government
• Mayor (2022–30)	Jens Richter (CDU)
Area
• Total	119.91 km2 (46.30 sq mi)
Elevation	50 m (160 ft)
Population (2022-12-31)
• Total	13,966
• Density	120/km2 (300/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+01:00 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+02:00 (CEST)
Postal codes	15907
Dialling codes	03546
Vehicle registration	LDS
Website	www.luebben.de

Lübben (Spreewald) (Lower Sorbian: Lubin (Błota), pronounced [ˈlubʲin ˈbwɔta]) is a town of 14,000 people, capital of the Dahme-Spreewald district in the Lower Lusatia region in Brandenburg, in eastern Germany.

Administrative structure

Districts of the town are:

Lübben Stadt (Lower Sorbian: Lubin město)
Hartmannsdorf (Hartmanojce)
Lubolz (Lubolc)
- Groß Lubolz (Wjelike Lubolce)
- Klein Lubolz (Małe Lubolce)
Neuendorf (Nowa Wjas)
Radensdorf (Radom; Radowašojce)
Steinkirchen (Kamjena)
Treppendorf (Ranchow)

History

The castle of Lubin in the March of Lusatia was first mentioned in an 1150 register of Nienburg Abbey and had received town privileges according to Magdeburg law by 1220. It was located on a trade route from Luckau to Gubin and Poznań.^[3] From 1301 the town in the centre of the Spreewald floodplain was in the possession of the monks of Dobrilugk Abbey, who sold it to Duke Rudolph I of Saxe-Wittenberg in 1329. After several conflicts with the Wittelsbach margraves of Brandenburg the March of Lusatia was finally acquired by Emperor Charles IV of Luxembourg in 1367 who incorporated Lübben into the Kingdom of Bohemia. In the 15th century Lübben became the seat of the Bohemian Vogt administrator and the provincial diet (Landtag) of Lower Lusatia.

In 1526 the House of Habsburg inherited the Bohemian kingdom including Lusatia, which in 1623 Ferdinand II of Habsburg had to give in pawn to Elector John George I of Saxony. The Saxon Electorate finally acquired Lübben by signing the 1635 Peace of Prague. After the Napoleonic Wars it fell to the Prussian province of Brandenburg by the final act of the 1815 Congress of Vienna. One of the main escape routes for insurgents of the unsuccessful Polish November Uprising from partitioned Poland to the Great Emigration led through the town.^[4]

During World War II, the Oflag III-C and Oflag 8 prisoner-of-war camps for Polish, French, British, Australian, New Zealander, Belgian and Dutch officers, a forced labour subcamp of the Nazi prison in Luckau and a subcamp of the Sachsenhausen concentration camp were located in the town.^[5]^[6]^[7] Lübben was taken by Soviet troops of the 3rd Guards Army on 27 April 1945.

Demography

Development of Population since 1875 within the Current Boundaries (Blue Line: Population; Dotted Line: Comparison to Population Development of Brandenburg state; Grey Background: Time of Nazi rule; Red Background: Time of Communist rule)
Recent Population Development and Projections (Population Development before Census 2011 (blue line); Recent Population Development according to the Census in Germany in 2011 (blue bordered line); Official projections for 2005-2030 (yellow line); for 2020-2030 (green line); for 2017-2030 (scarlet line)

Lübben (Spreewald): Population development
within the current boundaries (2017)^[8]

Year	Pop.	±% p.a.
1875	9,168	—
1890	10,140	+0.67%
1910	12,370	+1.00%
1925	11,992	−0.21%
1933	12,018	+0.03%
1939	12,337	+0.44%
1946	12,726	+0.44%
1950	12,245	−0.96%
1964	14,717	+1.32%
1971	15,274	+0.53%
1981	15,727	+0.29%
1985	15,829	+0.16%
1989	15,712	−0.19%
1990	15,495	−1.38%
1991	15,257	−1.54%

Year	Pop.	±% p.a.
1992	15,262	+0.03%
1993	15,139	−0.81%
1994	15,202	+0.42%
1995	15,091	−0.73%
1996	15,070	−0.14%
1997	15,054	−0.11%
1998	14,998	−0.37%
1999	15,095	+0.65%
2000	15,025	−0.46%
2001	14,845	−1.20%
2002	14,897	+0.35%
2003	14,807	−0.60%
2004	14,751	−0.38%
2005	14,627	−0.84%
2006	14,557	−0.48%

Year	Pop.	±% p.a.
2007	14,346	−1.45%
2008	14,250	−0.67%
2009	14,179	−0.50%
2010	14,122	−0.40%
2011	13,869	−1.79%
2012	13,815	−0.39%
2013	13,707	−0.78%
2014	13,672	−0.26%
2015	13,824	+1.11%
2016	13,861	+0.27%
2017	13,964	+0.74%
2018	14,024	+0.43%
2019	14,022	−0.01%
2020	14,036	+0.10%

Politics

Seats in the municipal assembly (Stadtverordnetenversammlung) as of 2008 elections:

Lübben is twinned with Wolsztyn in Poland and Neunkirchen, Saarland in Germany.

Places of interest

Spreewald biosphere reserve
Lübben Castle, on medieval foundations, rebuilt in the 17th century under the rule of Duke Christian I of Saxe-Merseburg
Neuhaus Manor in Steinkirchen, built in 1801, former residence of author Christoph Ernst von Houwald from 1822 on
Romanesque St Pancras fieldstone church in Steinkirchen built in the early 13th century, one of the oldest preserved churches in Lower Lusatia
Paul Gerhardt Church from the 16th century, where Paul Gerhardt preached from 1669 on
Roman Catholic Trinity Church, built in 1862

Notable people

Born in Lübben

Hans Peter Bull (born 1936), German constitutional lawyer and jurist
Karin Büttner-Janz (born 1952 in Hartmannsdorf), German Olympic medal winner in artistic gymnastics and habilitated doctor
Henry Eugene Fritz (1875–1956), American painter
Hans Walter Gruhle (1880–1958), German psychiatrist
Benno Hann von Weyhern (1808–1890), Prussian General of the Cavalry
Louis Klopsch (1852–1910), American author and editor of the Christian Herald
Sylvio Kroll (born 1965), German Olympic medal winner in artistic gymnastics
Kornelia Kunisch (born 1959), German handball player, 1980 Olympic bronze medal with the East German team
Christian Lillinger (born 1984), German musician and composer
Karl Otto von Manteuffel (1806-1879), German politician, Prussian agriculture minister
Otto Theodor von Manteuffel (1805–1882), German politician, Minister-President of Prussia
Rudolf Marloth (1855–1931), South African botanist, pharmacist and analytical chemist
Ella Mensch (1859–1935), German writer, journalist, teacher, feminist and editor
Richard Constantin Noschke (1867–1945), diary of his World War I Alexandra Palace internment sufferings in Imperial War Museum, London.
Benjamin Raschke (born 1982), German politician, member of the Landtag of Brandenburg
Thorsten Rund (born 1976), German cyclist
Carl Siegemund Schönebeck (1758–1806), German composer and cellist
Lavinia Schulz (1896–1924), German dancer and actress
Ingo Spelly (born 1966), East German-German sprint canoer, Olympic champion

Related to Lübben

Wolfgang Figulus (c. 1525 – c. 1591), German composer and teacher, 1545 or 1546 cantor in Lübben
Paul Gerhardt (1607–1676), German hymn writer, 1668 till his death archdeacon of Lübben
Renate Holm (1931–2022), German-Austrian film actress and operatic soprano, school in Lübben
Christoph Ernst von Houwald (1778–1845), German dramatist and author, died at Neuhaus
Götz von Houwald (1913–2001), German diplomat, historian and ethnographer, completed his secondary education in Lübben
Albert Naumann (1875–1952), German fencer, died in Lübben
Jens Riewa (born 1963), German television presenter and broadcast news analyst for the Tagesschau, grew up in Lübben
Immanuel Johann Gerhard Scheller (1735–1803), German classical philologist and lexicographer, teacher in Lübben
Daniel Ziebig (born 1983), German footballer, used to live in Lübben
We Butter the Bread with Butter, German deathcore band formed in 2007

References

^ Landkreis Dahme-Spreewald Wahl der Bürgermeisterin / des Bürgermeisters, accessed 13 November 2022.
^ "Bevölkerungsentwicklung und Bevölkerungsstandim Land Brandenburg Dezember 2022" (PDF). Amt für Statistik Berlin-Brandenburg (in German). June 2023.
^ Pieradzka, Krystyna (1949). "Związki handlowe Łużyc ze Śląskiem w dawnych wiekach". Sobótka (in Polish). IV (4). Wrocław: 90.
^ Umiński, Janusz (1998). "Losy internowanych na Pomorzu żołnierzy powstania listopadowego". Jantarowe Szlaki (in Polish). No. 4 (250). p. 16.
^ Megargee, Geoffrey P.; Overmans, Rüdiger; Vogt, Wolfgang (2022). The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos 1933–1945. Volume IV. Indiana University Press, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. pp. 211–212, 235. ISBN 978-0-253-06089-1.
^ "Außenkommando des Zuchthauseses Luckau in Neuendorf". Bundesarchiv.de (in German). Retrieved 8 November 2023.
^ "Anlage zu § 1. Verzeichnis der Konzentrationslager und ihrer Außenkommandos gemäß § 42 Abs. 2 BEG" (in German). Archived from the original on 23 April 2009. Retrieved 8 November 2023.
^ Detailed data sources are to be found in the Wikimedia Commons.Population Projection Brandenburg at Wikimedia Commons