Kropatschek rifle

Kropatschek/Steyr-Kropatschek
TypeRifle
Place of originAustria-Hungary
Service history
In service1886 – Present
Used byAustria-Hungary
France
Chile
Brazil[1]
Kingdom of Portugal
Ethiopian Empire
Russian Empire[2]
Spanish Republic[3]
Wassoulou Empire
WarsWar of the Pacific[4]
French conquest of Tunisia[5]
Mandingo Wars
First Madagascar expedition[5]
Tonkin campaign[5]
Sino-French War[5]
Revolta da Armada
Federalist Revolution[6]
First Italo-Ethiopian War[7]
War of Canudos[8]
Second Boer War
World War I
Spanish Civil War
World War II (Portuguese colonies)
Annexation of Goa
Portuguese Colonial War
Production history
DesignerAlfred von Kropatschek
Designed1886
Produced1886–circa 1898
VariantsLong rifle, short rifle
Specifications
Mass4.3 kg (9.5 lb)
Length1320 mm (4 ft)
Barrel length820 mm (32.3 in)
Cartridge11×59mmR Gras 8×56mmR Kropatschek Corto[9] 8×60mmR Guedes[10]
Caliber8mm (.329 in)
ActionBolt action
Muzzle velocity609 m/s (2,000 ft/s)
Effective firing range2406 yd (2,200 m)
Feed system8-round integral tubular magazine

A Kropatschek is any variant of a rifle designed by Alfred von Kropatschek. Kropatschek's rifles used a tubular magazine (constructed of nickel-plated steel) of his design, of the same type used in the Japanese Murata Type 22 and the German Mauser Gewehr 1871/84. While designed for black powder, the Kropatschek action proved to be strong enough to handle smokeless powder.

The Kropatschek was the basis for the French Lebel M1886.[11]

Variants

Austria-Hungary:

  • Gendarmerie Repetier-Karabiner M1881: 11 mm Gendarmerie Carbine (also known as M1874/81);
  • Kropatschek Torpedo Boats Gewehr M1893: 8 mm Navy Rifle for Torpedo boat crews.

France:

  • Fusil de Marine Mle 1878: 11 mm Navy Rifle;
  • Fusil d'Infanterie Mle 1884: 11 mm Infantry Rifle;
  • Fusil d'Infanterie Mle 1885: 11 mm Infantry Rifle.

Portugal:

  • Espingarda de Infantaria 8 mm m/1886: 8 mm Infantry Rifle;
  • Carabina de Caçadores 8 mm m/1886: 8 mm Light Infantry Carbine;
  • Carabina de Cavalaria 8 mm m/1886: 8 mm Cavalry Carbine;
  • Carabina da Guarda Fiscal 8 mm m/1886/88: 8 mm Treasury Guard Carbine;
  • Espingarda de Infantaria 8 mm m/1886/89: 8 mm Colonial Infantry Rifle;
  • Carabina de Artilharia 8 mm m/1886/91: 8 mm Artillery Carbine.

The Wassoulou Empire arms industry created functional copies of the Krophatschek rifle in the 1880s and 90s to use in their struggle against French colonial forces.[12]

See also

References

  1. ^ "ArmasBrasil - Carabina Kropatschek".
  2. ^ "Scraping the bottom of the barrel blackpowder rifles of the great war part 1".
  3. ^ "Foreign Rifles of the Spanish Republic, 1936-1939".
  4. ^ Esposito, Gabriele, Armies of the War of the Pacific 1879-83: Osprey Publishing (2016)
  5. ^ a b c d McCollum, Ian (2019). Chassepot to Famas: French Military Rifles 1866-2016. Headstamp Publishing. ISBN 978-1733424608.
  6. ^ "O EXÉRCITO REPUBLICANO" (PDF).
  7. ^ McLachlan, Sean (20 Sep 2011). Armies of the Adowa Campaign 1896: The Italian Disaster in Ethiopia. Men-at-Arms 471. Osprey Publishing. pp. 35–36. ISBN 9781849084574.
  8. ^ VILLELA Jr, M E C. CANUDOS: memórias de um combatente. 2 ed. Rio de Janeiro: EdUERJ, 1997. p. 107.
  9. ^ 8x56 R Kropatschek Short - MUNICION.org (spanish)
  10. ^ 8x60 R Guedes - Kropatschek - MUNICION.org (spanish)
  11. ^ "French Rifle Ammunition: 8mm Lebel and 7.5mm French". 7 August 2017.
  12. ^ Bocoum, Hamady (2001). "SAMORI' S SMITHIES: FROM CRAFT PRODUCTION TO ATTEMPTED MANUFACTURING, OR A DRAFT PLAN FOR TECHNOLOGICAL INDEPENDENCE". Mande Studies. 3: 55–63.