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Kizomba
Kizomba
Stylistic origins	Semba; Kilapanga; Angolan Merengue; Zouk;
Cultural origins	1984, Angola
Other topics
	Music of Angola;

Kizomba is a social dance and music genre that originated in Angola during late 1970s to early 1980s. Kizomba is a national heritage of Angola and means "party" in Kimbundu.^[2]^[3] Traditionally, kizomba was danced with family, friends, and acquaintances in social settings such as parties and weddings, but is nowadays also enjoyed in clubs as well as other settings such as Kizomba Na Rua (Kizomba on the street) that are popular in Luanda.

Origin and evolution

Music genre

The origins of kizomba can be traced to late-1970s Angola.^[4]Kizomba is characterized by a slower, romantic, more sensuous rhythm^[5] than the traditional Angolan semba music.^[4] Kizomba music emerged as a fusion of Semba, Angolan Merengue, Kilapanga, and further Angolan music influences:^[1] It slowed down the cadence of songs and added a stronger bass line to the composition of instruments. Eduardo Paím is internationally recognized as the "father/creator of Kizomba music", as he and his band were taking a major role in the development of the music style creation.^[6] Most kizomba songs are sung in Angolan Portuguese/Portuguese.

Dance genre

Semba, a dance and music genre, rose in popularity in Angola during the 1950s. This was as a result of the development of modern Angolan music which is attributed to the musical group Ngola Ritmos. After gaining independence from Portugal, Angola entered a civil war in 1975 that lasted to 2002. As few semba music was being released during this early period, Angolans started to look else where for musicality such as the Caribbean. In the 1980s, when the actual kizomba music was pioneered and got more and more popular, Angolans started to adapt their semba steps according to the tempo and flavour of the Kizomba beats. As such Kizomba (dance) has essentially remained to many Angolans to what is referred to as "Semba Social", only that it is danced to a spectrum of various music genre such as semba, kizomba or zouk. The emphasis is "Semba social" as Semba is often misinterpreted as "Semba Show" which is a style of Semba that is characterized with fast semba or zouk music alongside various dance tricks. As Kizomba is essentially "Semba Social", that left room for "Semba Show" to be marketed as Semba by Angolan teachers outside of Angola. ^[7]

The Kizomba dance is a couple dance, in which the torso and right arm of the leader will guide the follower across the dance floor. It is the goal to synchronize perfectly as a couple with the music and express it through elegant footwork, smooth body movement, and attitude, called Ginga (for women) and Banga (for men).

Confusion with cola-zouk

Cape Verdean immigrants who moved to France in the 1980s were exposed to zouk music. They blended it with a traditional Cape Verde style called the coladeira, thus creating cola-zouk, similar to kizomba and typically sung in Cape Verdean Creole. It is this rhythm that was confused with kizomba and was heard in Portugal when Eduardo Paim arrived there and released his first record with kizomba music.^[7]

Cultural influences

The influence of kizomba is felt in most Portuguese-speaking African countries, but also in Portugal (especially in Lisbon and surrounding suburbs such as Amadora or Almada), where communities of immigrants have established clubs centered on the genre in a renewed kizomba style. The São Tomean kizomba music is very similar to the Angolan, Juka being the most notable among the Sãotomeans, and also one of the most notable performers in the genre.

Popularity

Kizomba is known for having a slow, insistent, somewhat harsh yet sensuous rhythm as the result of electronic percussion. It is danced accompanied by a partner, very smoothly, slowly and sensuously, and with neither tightness nor rigidity. There are frequent simultaneous hip rotations coordinated between dance partners, particularly in the quieter refrains of the music. Several individuals with a love of the Kizomba culture have been promoting it in other countries.

Famous Angolan teachers such as kota José N'dongala (founder of the Kizombalove Academy) and Mestre Petchu (founder of the Tradicional Kilandukilu Ballet) have been giving Kizomba and Semba teachers courses for years to further popularize their Angolan cultural values in Africa, Europe and in America.^[8]

Cape Verde

Cape Verdean zouk such as cola-zouk and cabo-love as well as the traditional coladeira are popular music styles that kizomba is danced to, though these (zouk) music styles are often mistaken for kizomba. In the 2000s a new RnB inspired music style called Ghetto-Zouk was created and also became popular to dance kizomba as well as Tarraxinha (another Angolan dance) to. Some popular singers and producers in cape verdean zouk include Suzanna Lubrano, Johnny Ramos, Nelson Freitas, Mika Mendes, Manu Lima, Gilyto, G-Amado. ^[9]^[7]

Brazil

In Brazil, kizomba became famous when the pop artist Kelly Key released the album No Controle, on February 3, 2015. Key left the dance-pop/R&B songs to introduce the kizomba in Brazil.^[10] In an interview Key said she sought originality and new styles: "I'm running this responsibility of being predictable. I wanted to record Kizomba for 13 years! Now I feel mature and have knowledge of movement".^[11]

China

Kizomba is growing in popularity in some major Chinese cities such as Beijing, Shanghai and Shenzhen. Some teachers of kizomba are Chinese while others are foreign. Every year, different Latin dance festivals are organized and presented such as Shanghai Bachata/Kizomba Festival.^[12]

Ghana

Kizomba in Ghana is one of the growing form of dance activity especially within the capital city of Accra were there are weekly dance sessions held at Afrikiko Leisure Centre or other bars and restaurants.^[13]

References

^ ^a ^b "Eduardo Paim "Sou o precursor da kizomba" - Cadernos Especiais - Dossiers Online". September 27, 2013. Archived from the original on 2013-09-27.
^ Ministry of Culture declares Tchianda and Kizomba as national intangible cultural heritage
^ José Redinhs, Etnias e culturas de Angola, Luanda: Instituto de Investigação Científica de Angola, 1975
^ ^a ^b Oyebade, Adebayo O. (2007). Culture and Customs of Angola. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 156. ISBN 9780313331473.
^ Caroline Weeks (September 14, 2016). "Get Moving with Kizomba: The Art of Connection". Des Moines Register.
^ "Eduardo Paim "Sou o precursor da Kizomba"". O País (in Portuguese). Medianova. Archived from the original on 2013-09-27. Retrieved 2012-06-22.
^ ^a ^b ^c "José N'dongala Kizombalove Methodology teachers course - KIZOMBA TEACHERS COURSE" (PDF), www.kizombalove.com, pp. 17–19, 22–24
^ Pedro Miala, Maria (12 March 2017). Rising Africa.
^ Batalha, Luís; Carling, Jørgen (2008), "Cabo zouk", Transnational Archipelago: Perspectives on Cape Verdean Migration and Diaspora, Amsterdam University Press, ISBN 9789053569948, retrieved December 3, 2005
^ "'Eu guardo grandes segredos dele', diz Kelly Key sobre o ex-marido Latino". Globo. 2015-04-07. Archived from the original on 2014-10-06. Retrieved 2015-04-20.
^ "Após cinco anos longe dos holofotes, Kelly Key prepara retorno aos palcos". Correio. 2015-04-07.
^ "China Kizomba Congress 2020 - Putuo Qu, China | DanceUs.org". www.danceus.org. Retrieved 2022-01-11.
^ "Talkertainment: The dancing couple popularising Kizomba in Ghana". GhanaWeb. 2021-06-24. Retrieved 2023-12-21.

External links

Media related to Kizomba at Wikimedia Commons

[auto-1] "Eduardo Paim "Sou o precursor da kizomba" - Cadernos Especiais - Dossiers Online". September 27, 2013. Archived from the original on 2013-09-27.

[nationalheritage-2] Ministry of Culture declares Tchianda and Kizomba as national intangible cultural heritage

[3] José Redinhs, Etnias e culturas de Angola, Luanda: Instituto de Investigação Científica de Angola, 1975

[Oyebade2007-4] Oyebade, Adebayo O. (2007). Culture and Customs of Angola. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 156. ISBN 9780313331473.

[Weeks2016-5] Caroline Weeks (September 14, 2016). "Get Moving with Kizomba: The Art of Connection". Des Moines Register.

[Paim-6] "Eduardo Paim "Sou o precursor da Kizomba"". O País (in Portuguese). Medianova. Archived from the original on 2013-09-27. Retrieved 2012-06-22.

[Cabo_zouk-7] "José N'dongala Kizombalove Methodology teachers course - KIZOMBA TEACHERS COURSE" (PDF), www.kizombalove.com, pp. 17–19, 22–24

[Rising_Africa-8] Pedro Miala, Maria (12 March 2017). Rising Africa.

[9] Batalha, Luís; Carling, Jørgen (2008), "Cabo zouk", Transnational Archipelago: Perspectives on Cape Verdean Migration and Diaspora, Amsterdam University Press, ISBN 9789053569948, retrieved December 3, 2005

[nalata-10] "'Eu guardo grandes segredos dele', diz Kelly Key sobre o ex-marido Latino". Globo. 2015-04-07. Archived from the original on 2014-10-06. Retrieved 2015-04-20.

[11] "Após cinco anos longe dos holofotes, Kelly Key prepara retorno aos palcos". Correio. 2015-04-07.

[12] "China Kizomba Congress 2020 - Putuo Qu, China | DanceUs.org". www.danceus.org. Retrieved 2022-01-11.

[13] "Talkertainment: The dancing couple popularising Kizomba in Ghana". GhanaWeb. 2021-06-24. Retrieved 2023-12-21.

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PROFILPELAJAR.COM

Kizomba

Origin and evolution

Music genre

Dance genre

Confusion with cola-zouk

Cultural influences

Popularity

Cape Verde

Brazil

China

Ghana

References

External links

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