On March 11, 2014, the New York Islanders signed Czuczman as a free agent to a two-year, entry-level deal,[3] and he made his NHL debut one week later, on March 18, 2014, playing just over 20 minutes in a 6–0 loss to the visiting Minnesota Wild.[4][5]
At the conclusion of his entry-level contract with the Islanders following the 2015–16 season, Czuczman's rights were not retained by the Islanders, releasing him to free agency. He agreed to a one-year deal to continue in the AHL with the Manitoba Moose, an affiliate to the Winnipeg Jets during the free agency season.[6] With the Moose, Czuczman established himself early to maintain a regular top four role on the blueline for the 2016–17 season. Improving his offensive output and becoming an alternate captain, Czuczman responded with his best professional season in compiling 9 goals and 32 points in 76 games.
On July 3, 2017, Czuczman back in the interest of NHL clubs, agreed to a one-year, two-way contract with the Pittsburgh Penguins.[7] On June 25, 2018, Czuczman re-signed with Pittsburgh on a one-year, two-way contract.[8] On June 26, 2019, Czuczman re-signed with Pittsburgh on two-year contract.[9]
Leaving the Penguins after four seasons within the organization, Czuczman was signed by the Minnesota Wild to a one-year, two-way contract on July 29, 2021.[10]
Having played exclusively in North America for the first nine seasons of his professional career, Czuczman signed his first contract abroad in agreeing to a one-year contract with Finnish club, Ilves of the Liiga, on June 23, 2022.[11]