Rodríguez-Vázquez earned a degree in computer engineering at UNAM in 1994. After working as a researcher in the UNAM faculty of engineering from 1993 to 1995, and teaching physics and mathematics at Colegio Kansas, a Mexican high school, she went to the University of Sheffield in England for graduate study, beginning in 1995. She completed her doctorate there in 1999, with the dissertation Multiobjective Evolutionary Algorithms in Non-Linear System Identification.[1]
She returned to UNAM as a researcher in the Instituto de Investigaciones en Matemáticas Aplicadas y Sistemas in 1999.[1]