Pełczyńska-Nałęcz graduated from the Institute of Sociology of Warsaw University in 1994.[2] Then she worked at the Institute of Philosophy and Sociology of the Polish Academy of Sciences[2] where in 1999 she defended her Ph.D. Later she became the deputy director at the Center for Eastern Studies[2] and the head of its Russian Department.
In an interview to a Russian news agency, Pełczyńska-Nałęcz said the return of the wreck of the Polish presidential plane which crashed in 2010 would be "of symbolic significance for Poland".[3]
Pełczyńska-Nałęcz speaks English and Russian.[4] She is married and has three children.[4]