Karnuth v. United States ex rel. Albro

Karnuth v. United States ex rel. Albro
Supreme Court of the United States
Decided April 8, 1929
Full case nameKarnuth v. United States ex rel. Albro
Citations279 U.S. 231 (more)
Holding
Whether war between the United States and a treaty partner annuls stipulations of that treaty depends upon the intrinsic character of the stipulations.
Court membership
Chief Justice
William H. Taft
Associate Justices
Oliver W. Holmes Jr. · Willis Van Devanter
James C. McReynolds · Louis Brandeis
George Sutherland · Pierce Butler
Edward T. Sanford · Harlan F. Stone
Case opinion
MajoritySutherland, joined by unanimous
Laws applied
Jay Treaty, Immigration Act of 1924

Karnuth v. United States ex rel. Albro, 279 U.S. 231 (1929), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the court held that whether war between the United States and a treaty partner annuls stipulations of that treaty depends upon the intrinsic character of the stipulations.[1][2]

Significance

Analyzing the Jay Treaty, the court determined that article III, guaranteeing British citizens free passage over the Canada–United States border, was abrogated by the War of 1812.[1] Because of this, British citizens must rely on statutory authority for access to the United States like any other immigrants; at the time, that meant the Immigration Act of 1924.[1] Later courts have confused the issue by approvingly citing article III of the Jay Treaty, but they have universally relied on the statutory authority that does exist.[3]

The Jay Treaty also dealt with the rights of Indigenous people in Canada to cross the border, which is an arbitrary land division from their perspective. Confusion over whether the Jay Treaty continues to provide them rights notwithstanding Karnuth has inhibited their campaigns to have the United States recognize other rights relevant to their interests.[3]

References

  1. ^ a b c Karnuth v. United States ex rel. Albro, 279 U.S. 231 (1929).
  2. ^ Schibsby, Marian (April 10, 1929). "The United States Supreme Court Decides Against Commuters From Canada". Interpreter Releases. 6 (10): 69.
  3. ^ a b Yablon-Zug, Marcia (2008). "Gone but Not Forgotten: The Strange Afterlife of the Jay Treaty's Indian Free Passage Right". Queen's Law Journal. 33: 565.
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