The station opened in 1906 as Honchosuji-itchōme Station (本町筋一丁目停留場). In 1966, the station name was changed to the current one of Kamimachi-itchōme Station.[1]
The station was once planned to be closed, but was kept in operation because of its proximity to Sakamoto Ryōma's birthplace and to the Kōchi Prefectural School for the Blind.[2]