The increasing complexity of the high performance computing environment has provided a range of choices beside traditional supercomputers and clusters. Scientists can now use grid and cloud infrastructures, in a variety of combinations along with traditional supercomputers - all connected via fast networks. And the emergence of many-core technologies such as GPUs, as well as supercomputers on chip within these environments has added to the complexity. Thus, high-performance computing can now use multiple diverse platforms and systems simultaneously, giving rise to the term "computing jungle".[1]
^ abJason Maassen, et al Towards jungle computing with Ibis/Constellation in Proceedings of the 2011 workshop on Dynamic distributed data-intensive applications, programming abstractions, and systems, ACM New York, ISBN978-1-4503-0705-5[1]
^Jungle Computing: Distributed Supercomputing Beyond Clusters, Grids, and Clouds by Frank Seinstra et al in "Grids, Clouds and Virtualization, Computer Communications and Networks", ISBN978-0-85729-048-9. Springer-Verlag London Limited, 2011, p. 167 [2]
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