Juglans major

Juglans major
At Morton Arboretum, Illinois
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Fagales
Family: Juglandaceae
Genus: Juglans
Section: Juglans sect. Rhysocaryon
Species:
J. major
Binomial name
Juglans major
Natural range of Juglans major
Synonyms[2][3]
  • Juglans elaeopyren Dode
  • Juglans microcarpa subsp. major (Torr.) A.E. Murray
  • Juglans microcarpa var. major (Torr.) L.D. Benson
  • Juglans rupestris var. major Torr

Juglans major (literally, the larger walnut), also known as Arizona walnut,[1] is a walnut tree which grows to 50 ft tall (15 m) with a DBH of up to 0.61 metres (2 ft) at elevations of 300–2,130 m (1,000–7,000 ft) in Texas, Oklahoma, New Mexico, Arizona, and Utah.[4] It also occurs in Mexico as far south as Guerrero.[5] Common names include Arizona black walnut (as it belongs to the "black walnuts" section Juglans sect. Rhysocaryon), and the Spanish name nogal cimarrón (cimarron walnut).

Description

Arizona Walnut (Juglans major) nut and hulls
Arizona Walnut (Juglans major) nut cracked open showing nutmeat

In moister areas, the tree features a single, stout trunk; there are usually several slender trunks in drier situations.[6] The 8–14 in long pinnately compound leaves bear 9–15 lanceolate leaflets, 19–32 mm (.75–1.25 in) wide by 51–102 mm (2–4 in) long. The small nut has a thick shell with deep grooves enclosing an oily, edible seed.[7][8]

J. major grows primarily in canyons or riparian areas, near springs, and other areas with shallow groundwater. Where the range of J. major overlaps that of J. microcarpa, the two interbreed, producing many intermediate forms.[9][10]

References

  1. ^ a b Barstow, M.; Stritch, L. (2019). "Juglans major". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T66813121A66813150. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T66813121A66813150.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  2. ^ Tropicos
  3. ^ The Plant List
  4. ^ "USDA Plants Database".
  5. ^ Laferriere, J.E. (1993). "Juglandaceae, Walnut Family". Journal of the Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science 27:219.
  6. ^ Kershner, Mathews, Nelson, and Spellenberg (2008). National Wildlife Federation Field Guide to Trees of North America Inc, New York: Sterling Publishing Co., p. 228.
  7. ^ Heller, Amos Arthur. (1909). Muhlenbergia; a Journal of Botany 1(4): 50.
  8. ^ Torrey, John. (1853). Report of an Expedition down to the Zuni and Colorado Rivers 171, pl. 16.
  9. ^ Vines, Robert A. (1960). Trees, shrubs, and woody vines of the Southwest. Austin, TX: University of Texas Press. 1104 p
  10. ^ Powell, A. Michael. (1988). Trees & shrubs of Trans-Pecos Texas including Big Bend and Guadalupe Mountains National Parks. Big Bend National Park, TX: Big Bend Natural History Association. 536 p.

Data related to Juglans major at Wikispecies