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Johnson County
Johnson County
County
	Johnson County Courthouse
	Flag
	Location within the U.S. state of Wyoming
	Wyoming's location within the U.S.
	Coordinates: 44°02′N 106°35′W / 44.04°N 106.59°W
Country	United States
State	Wyoming
Founded	December 8, 1875 (authorized); 1881 (organized)
Seat	Buffalo
Largest city	Buffalo
Area
• Total	4,175 sq mi (10,810 km2)
• Land	4,154 sq mi (10,760 km2)
• Water	20 sq mi (50 km2) 0.5%
Population (2020)
• Total	8,447
• Estimate (2023)	8,759
• Density	2.0/sq mi (0.78/km2)
Time zone	UTC−7 (Mountain)
• Summer (DST)	UTC−6 (MDT)
Congressional district	At-large
Website	johnsoncountywyoming.org

Johnson County is a county in the north central part of the U.S. state of Wyoming. At the 2020 United States Census, the population was 8,447.^[1] The county seat is Buffalo.^[2] Kaycee is the only other incorporated town in the county. Johnson County lies to the southeast of the Bighorn Mountains along Interstate 25 and Interstate 90. The Powder River flows northward through eastern Johnson County.

History

Johnson County was created on December 8, 1875, as Pease County from parts of Albany, Carbon and Sweetwater Counties. It was organized in 1881.^[3] The county was initially named for Dr. E. L. Pease of Uinta County. But, in 1879, the county was renamed Johnson, for E. P. Johnson, a Cheyenne attorney.^[4]

In 1888, Sheridan County was created from a portion of Johnson County. In 1890, Big Horn County was created from Johnson County along with land from Fremont County and Sheridan County.

Froom 1889 to 1893, Johnson County was the scene of the Johnson County War, where wealthy cattle ranchers seeking to control limited resources enlisted hired guns to fight smaller settlers and homesteaders.

In 1911, the boundaries of Johnson County and adjacent Crook, Natrona and Weston Counties were adjusted to run along federal land survey lines.

Flag

Johnson County flag is based on the ikurriña; since the birth of Jean Esponda from Baigorri, there has been a large Basque population in the county.^[5]

Geography

According to the US Census Bureau, the county has an area of 4,175 square miles (10,810 km²), of which 4,154 square miles (10,760 km²) is land and 20 square miles (52 km²) (0.5%) is water.^[6]

Adjacent counties

Sheridan County (north)
Campbell County (east)
Converse County (southeast)
Natrona County (south)
Washakie County (west)
Big Horn County (northwest)

Major highways

Transit

National protected area

Bighorn National Forest (part)

Demographics

Historical population
Census	Pop.	Note	%±
1880	637		—
1890	2,357		270.0%
1900	2,361		0.2%
1910	3,453		46.3%
1920	4,617		33.7%
1930	4,816		4.3%
1940	4,980		3.4%
1950	4,707		−5.5%
1960	5,475		16.3%
1970	5,587		2.0%
1980	6,700		19.9%
1990	6,145		−8.3%
2000	7,075		15.1%
2010	8,569		21.1%
2020	8,447		−1.4%
2023 (est.)	8,759	^[7]	3.7%
US Decennial Census^[8] 1870–2000^[9] 2010–2016^[1]

2000 census

At the 2000 United States Census,^[10] there were 7,075 people, 2,959 households and 2,006 families in the county. The population density was 2 people per square mile (0.77 people/km²). There were 3,503 housing units at an average density of 0.8 units per square mile (0.31 units/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 97.03% White, 0.08% Black or African American, 0.64% Native American, 0.11% Asian, 0.55% from other races, and 1.58% from two or more races. 2.09% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 27.0% were of German, 15.2% English, 10.8% Irish and 7.9% American ancestry.

There were 2,959 households, of which 28.70% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.00% were married couples living together, 7.10% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.20% were non-families. 28.50% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.00% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.36 and the average family size was 2.89.

24.20% of the population were under the age of 18, 5.60% from 18 to 24, 23.50% from 25 to 44, 28.70% from 45 to 64, and 18.00% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43 years. For every 100 females there were 96.60 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.30 males.

The median household income was $34,012 and the median family income was $42,299. Males had a median income of $29,271 and females $20,469. The per capita income was $19,030. About 7.20% of families and 10.10% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.10% of those under age 18 and 10.60% of those age 65 or over.

2010 census

At the 2010 United States Census, there were 8,569 people, 3,782 households, and 2,410 families in the county.^[11] The population density was 2.1 people per square mile (0.81 people/km²). There were 4,553 housing units at an average density of 1.1 units per square mile (0.42 units/km²).^[12] The racial makeup was 96.5% white, 1.1% American Indian, 0.4% Asian, 0.2% black or African American, 0.7% from other races, and 1.1% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 3.2% of the population.^[11] In terms of ancestry, 31.6% were German, 22.4% were Irish, 18.3% were English, and 6.1% were American.^[13]

Of the 3,782 households, 26.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.5% were married couples living together, 6.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 36.3% were non-families, and 31.8% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.25 and the average family size was 2.83. The median age was 44.8 years.^[11]

The median household income was $45,638 and the median family income was $58,983. Males had a median income of $40,572 and females $30,352. The per capita income was $26,753. About 5.9% of families and 8.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.0% of those under age 18 and 7.3% of those age 65 or over.^[14]

Communities

City

Buffalo (county seat)

Town

Kaycee

Unincorporated communities

Government and infrastructure

Johnson County voters are reliably Republican. Since Wyoming statehood, the voters of this county have selected the Democratic Party candidate in only three national elections: William Jennings Bryan in 1896; Woodrow Wilson in 1912 by two votes and with only 37.5 percent of the total vote (due to Roosevelt's independent run that year); and Franklin D. Roosevelt by seventy votes in his 1932 landslide. FDR did not carry the county in his re-election campaigns; in 1936 Johnson was Alf Landon’s second-best county in the Western United States behind Rio Blanco County, Colorado. In the 1964 Democratic landslide it was Barry Goldwater's best county in Wyoming, and second-best in the West behind Utah's traditional banner Republican county of Kane.

United States presidential election results for Johnson County, Wyoming^[17]
Year	Republican		Democratic		Third party(ies)
Year	No.	%	No.	%	No.	%
2024	3,936	80.36%	847	17.29%	115	2.35%
2020	3,881	78.98%	897	18.25%	136	2.77%
2016	3,477	78.72%	638	14.44%	302	6.84%
2012	3,363	78.96%	749	17.59%	147	3.45%
2008	3,334	76.57%	908	20.85%	112	2.57%
2004	3,231	80.96%	676	16.94%	84	2.10%
2000	2,886	81.30%	555	15.63%	109	3.07%
1996	2,071	62.59%	815	24.63%	423	12.78%
1992	1,614	51.30%	656	20.85%	876	27.84%
1988	2,081	72.81%	707	24.74%	70	2.45%
1984	2,634	81.27%	558	17.22%	49	1.51%
1980	2,291	72.78%	635	20.17%	222	7.05%
1976	2,042	71.25%	797	27.81%	27	0.94%
1972	2,203	83.13%	436	16.45%	11	0.42%
1968	1,737	73.85%	398	16.92%	217	9.23%
1964	1,640	65.81%	852	34.19%	0	0.00%
1960	1,806	69.35%	798	30.65%	0	0.00%
1956	1,842	76.12%	578	23.88%	0	0.00%
1952	1,980	78.45%	543	21.51%	1	0.04%
1948	1,351	66.06%	682	33.35%	12	0.59%
1944	1,384	64.67%	756	35.33%	0	0.00%
1940	1,460	64.98%	781	34.76%	6	0.27%
1936	1,266	54.26%	949	40.68%	118	5.06%
1932	1,101	47.05%	1,171	50.04%	68	2.91%
1928	1,369	69.25%	590	29.84%	18	0.91%
1924	1,097	58.01%	501	26.49%	293	15.49%
1920	1,202	69.36%	525	30.29%	6	0.35%
1916	814	49.15%	812	49.03%	30	1.81%
1912	522	37.39%	524	37.54%	350	25.07%
1908	781	55.39%	614	43.55%	15	1.06%
1904	725	60.82%	459	38.51%	8	0.67%
1900	466	51.43%	440	48.57%	0	0.00%
1896	284	37.72%	467	62.02%	2	0.27%
1892	309	34.30%	0	0.00%	592	65.70%

The Wyoming Department of Health Veteran's Home of Wyoming, an assisted living facility for veterans and their dependents, is in Buffalo.^[18]^[19] The Wyoming Board of Charities and Reform operated the facility until the agency was dissolved as a result of a state constitutional amendment passed in November 1990.^[20]