John Kincaid (witch-pricker)

John Kincaid
NationalityScottish
OccupationWitch-pricker
Years active1649-1662
EraScottish witch hunts of mid 17th century
Known forRenowned for witch-pricking in Great Scottish Witch Hunts and condemning accused women to be tortured and executed

John Kincaid (fl. 1649-1662) was a Scottish witch-pricker and a key figure in the Great Scottish Witch Hunts of 1649-50 and 1661-62.

Biography

John Kincaid was based primarily in Tranent and earned his living from 'unmasking' witches in the localities of Tranent, Dalkeith, Dirleton, Forfar, and Kinross.[1]

His dates of birth and death are unknown and little is known of his personal life. He is first mentioned in records in June 1649, when he acted as pricker in the witchcraft trials of Patrick Watson and his wife Menie Haliburton in the Great Hall at Dirleton Castle, near North Berwick.It can be deduced from the records that his professional status was already established by then.[2]

John Kinkaid pricked the accused with a bodkin and was paid £6 for "brodding" Margaret Dunholm, with £4 expenses for wine and food.[3] The bodkin used was also called a "brod".[4]

He is regularly identified as a witch-pricker in court documents from 1649 to 1662, when his career came to a sudden end after the Privy Council found him guilty of fraud and deceit.[5]

Kincaid managed to secure bail after spending just over two months in prison, but did so on the condition that he would not engage in any further torture or pricking.[6]

References

  1. ^ Mcdonald, S W (September 1997). "The Devil's Mark and the Witch-Prickers of Scotland". Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. 90 (9): 507–511. doi:10.1177/014107689709000914. ISSN 0141-0768. PMC 1296533. PMID 9370991.
  2. ^ Maxwell-Stuart, Peter G. (2003). Witch hunters: professional prickers, unwitchers & witch finders of the Renaissance. Stroud: Tempus. ISBN 978-0-7524-2339-5.
  3. ^ John Croft, 'Expence of Burning a Witch, 1649', Excerpta Antiqua (London, 1797), p. 40: J. Sands, Sketches of Tranent in the Olden Time (Edinburgh, 1881), pp. 46-9.
  4. ^ 'Brod', Dictionary of the Older Scottish Tongue
  5. ^ Levack, Brian P. (2015-09-25). The Witch-Hunt in Early Modern Europe (4 ed.). Routledge. doi:10.4324/9781315685526. ISBN 978-1-315-68552-6.
  6. ^ Maxwell-Stuart, Peter G. (2003). Witch hunters: professional prickers, unwitchers & witch finders of the Renaissance. Stroud: Tempus. ISBN 978-0-7524-2339-5.

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