Van Buren was born on August 8, 1838, in New York City. He was the son of Assemblyman John D. Van Buren (1811–1885) and Elvira Lynch (née Aymar) Van Buren (1817–1898).
In 1868, he resigned his commission of First Assistant Engineer, with the rank of lieutenant, studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1869, and practiced for a short time in New York City. Then he returned to engineering, and entered the service of the City of New York as Assistant Engineer in the Bureau of Sewers, and later as Assistant Engineer in the Department of Docks under General George B. McClellan, his commanding officer of the Peninsula Campaign who had been appointed Chief Engineer of the Department of Docks in 1870.
In 1875, Van Buren was a member of the Tilden Commission to investigate the State canals. He was State Engineer and Surveyor from 1876 to 1877, elected in November 1875 on the Democratic ticket.[2] Afterwards he resumed his private practice.[3]
Personal life
In 1875, he married Elizabeth Ludlow Jones (sister of banker Shipley Jones),[4] and their son was Maurice Pelham Van Buren (1894–1979).[5]