Japanese cargo ship Tenryo Maru
History
Empire of Japan
Name Tenryo Maru
Builder Kawanami Kōgyō, Nagasaki [ 1]
Laid down 31 October 1936
Launched 10 August 1937
Completed 15 April 1938
Acquired Requisitioned by the Imperial Japanese Army , 16 October 1941
Identification 44566[ 1]
Fate Torpedoed by USS Sterlet , 29 May 1945
Notes
General characteristics
Type Cargo ship
Tonnage 2,231 grt (6,317 m3 ) standard[ 1]
Length 77.5 m (254 ft 3 in) o/a [ 1]
Beam 12.80 m (42 ft 0 in)[ 1]
Draught 7.00 m (23 ft 0 in)[ 1]
Installed power 294 nhp / 1,772 ihp (1,321 kW )[ 1]
Speed 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph)/ 12.58 knots (23.30 km/h; 14.48 mph) maximum[ 1]
Tenryo Maru (Japanese : 天領丸) was a requisitioned Imperial Japanese Army cargo/transport ship during World War II .
History
In September 1936, the Soviet Union ordered three ice-resistant freighters as payment for the purchase of the Southern Manchuria Railway .[ 2] She was laid down on 31 October 1936 at the Nagasaki shipyard of Kawanami Kōgyō K.K. (jp: 川南工業 ).[ 1] [ 3] She was launched on 10 August 1937 as the Bolshevik (Большевики) and completed on 15 April 1938.[ 1] Due to a deterioration in the relations with the Soviet Union, the ship was never delivered and was renamed Tenryo Maru .[ 2] She was one of three ships in her class which included Minryo Maru (民領丸) (ex-Komsomolets ) and Chiryo Maru (地領丸) (ex-Volochaevets ).[ 4] [ 5] On 18 April 1939, she was sold to Tatsunan Merchant Ship Co., Ltd. of Osaka .[ 1] On 1 February 1944, ownership was transferred to Tatsuma Kisen Co., Ltd. of Nishinomiya which had merged with her prior owner.[ 1]
On 16 October 1941, she was requisitioned by the Imperial Japanese Army .[ 3] She spent most of 1942 providing supplies to Japanese activities in Korea and China.[ 3] In 1943, her activities shifted to supplying troops in the Kurile Islands .[ 3]
On 13 April 1944, she departed Ominato for Matsuwa Jima in Convoy-Ru consisting of Taihei Maru , Rizan Maru , and Madras Maru escorted by the Shimushu -class escort ship , Kunashiri with the destroyers Akebono and Ushio ; they arrived safely on 18 April 1944.[ 6] On 6 January 1945, she left Otaru, Hokkaido for Kataoka, Shumshu as part of Convoy KI-603 with transports Hokushin Maru , Banshu Maru No. 65 , and supply ship Shirasaki being escorted by Kunashiri ; the convoy arrived at Shumshu on 12 January 1945.[ 7] On 17 January 1945 she departed Shumshu as part of convoy O-702 with Hokushin Maru and Shirasaki again escorted by Kunashiri arriving at Ominato on 24 January 1945.[ 7]
On 26 May 1945, she departed Paramushiro for Otaru in convoy-Chi consisting of cargo/transport ships Kuretake Maru , Kasugasan Maru , and supply ship Shirasaki , escorted by Shimushu , Hachijo , Type C escort ships CD-47 and CD-205 , and Type D escort ship CD-112 .[ 8] Hachijo was lost in the fog around 50°00′N 146°00′E / 50.000°N 146.000°E / 50.000; 146.000 and CD-205 left the convoy to search for her.[ 8] On 29 May 1945 at 2055, USS Sterlet fired two spreads of three torpedoes hitting two of the freighters. Tenryo Maru quickly sank at 46°46′N 144°16′E / 46.767°N 144.267°E / 46.767; 144.267 killing 773 out of 947 men of the 23rd Air Defense Battalion, 26 gunners, and 83 sailors.[ 7] Sterlet also severely damaged Kuretake Maru which sank the following day with a death toll of 272 soldiers and six sailors.[ 7] [ 9] [ 10] [ 11]
References
^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Nagasawa, Fumio (1998). "天領丸 TENRYO MARU (1938)" . Nostalgic Japanese Steamships (in Japanese).
^ a b Hackett, Bob; Cundall, Peter; Casse, Gilbert; Kingsepp, Sander; Ruffato, Luke (2016). "IJN Soya: Tabular Record of Movement" . combinedfleet.com . Retrieved 30 January 2021 .
^ a b c d Toda, Gengoro S. "天領丸の船歴 (Tenryo Maru - Ship History)" . Imperial Japanese Navy - Tokusetsukansen (in Japanese).
^ Nagasawa, Fumio (1998). "天領丸型 TENRYO MARU Class 3隻 (1938)" . Nostalgic Japanese Steamships (in Japanese).
^ " "地領丸"の時代 (The era of "Jiryomaru")" . The Nippon Foundation Library] (in Japanese). Retrieved 6 February 2021 .
^ Hackett, Bob; Cundall, Peter; Kingsepp, Sander; Tatsuhiro, Higuchi; Donahoo, Jeff; Jones, Matthew; Cassee, Gilbert (2016). "IJN Kunashiri: Tabular Record of Movement" . combinedfleet.com . Retrieved 30 January 2021 .
^ a b c d Hackett, Bob; Cundall, Peter; Casse, Gilbert; van der Wal, Berend (2016). "IJN Shirasaki: Tabular Record of Movement" . combinedfleet.com . Retrieved 30 January 2021 .
^ a b Hackett, Bob; Cundall, Peter; Cundall, Peter; Kingsepp, Sander; Tatsuhiro, Higuchi (2016). "IJN CD-205: Tabular Record of Movement" . combinedfleet.com . Retrieved 30 January 2021 .
^ Silverstone, Paul (10 September 2012). The Navy of World War II, 1922-1947 . Routledge; 1 edition. p. 139. ISBN 9781135864729 .
^ "Chapter VII: 1945 - January" . Hyperwar - The Official Chronology of the U.S. Navy during World War II .
^ "Chronological List of Japanese Merchant Vessel Losses" . Joint Army-Navy Assessment Committee .
Shipwrecks and maritime incidents in May 1945
Shipwrecks
1 May: Argo , TA 43 , U-3006 , U-3009
2 May: Admiral Hipper , USS Thornton , U-8 , U-14 , U-60 , U-61 , U-62 , U-71 , U-72 , U-120 , U-121 , U-137 , U-139 , U-140 , U-141 , U-142 , U-146 , U-148 , U-151 , U-152 , U-316 , U-552 , U-554 , U-612 , U-717 , U-929 , U-1007 , U-1308 , U-2327 , U-2359 , U-2510 , U-2526 , U-2527 , U-2528 , U-2531 , U-3002 , U-3016 , U-3018 , U-3019 , U-3020 , U-3021 , U-3504 , U-3516 , U-3517 , U-3521 , U-3522
3 May: Arcona , Cap Arcona , Deutschland , Emden , USS Lagarto , USS Little , USS LSM(R)-195 , Medusa , Nordland , Schlesien , TA22 , Thielbek , UA , UB , UD-1 , UD-2 , UD-3 , UD-4 , U-48 , U-52 , U-57 , U-58 , U-59 , U-101 , U-328 , U-339 , U-428 , U-446 , U-475 , U-560 , U-704 , U-708 , U-747 , U-748 , U-795 , U-822 , U-828 , U-876 , U-903 , U-922 , U-924 , U-958 , U-1166 , U-1170 , U-1192 , U-1196 , U-1201 , U-1205 , U-1210 , U-1227 , U-1275 , U-2330 , U-2332 , U-2355 , U-2371 , U-2501 , U-2503 , U-2504 , U-2508 , U-2512 , U-2519 , U-2520 , U-2521 , U-2524 , U-2533 , U-2534 , U-2535 , U-2536 , U-2539 , U-2543 , U-2545 , U-2546 , U-2548 , U-2552 , U-3001 , U-3005 , U-3010 , U-3011 , U-3012 , U-3013 , U-3014 , U-3023 , U-3024 , U-3025 , U-3026 , U-3027 , U-3028 , U-3029 , U-3031 , U-3032 , U-3037 , U-3038 , U-3039 , U-3040 , U-3507 , U-3509 , U-3511 , U-3513 , U-3518 , U-3525 , U-3530 , U-4705 , U-4712 , Z43
4 May: USS LSM(R)-190 , USS LSM(R)-194 , USS Luce , USS Morrison , Orion , USS PGM-17 , U-30 , U-46 , U-267 , U-393 , U-711 , U-721 , U-792 , U-793 , U-904 , U-1132 , U-1161 , U-1168 , U-1303 , U-1304 , U-2338 , U-2540 , U-3033 , U-3034 , U-4709 , U-4711
5 May: T36 , U-17 , U-38 , U-236 , U-290 , U-349 , U-351 , U-370 , U-397 , U-534 , U-579 , U-733 , U-746 , U-750 , U-794 , U-827 , U-999 , U-1008 , U-1016 , U-1025 , U-1056 , U-1162 , U-1193 , U-1204 , U-1207 , U-1223 , U-1234 , U-1306 , U-1405 , U-2333 , U-2339 , U-2343 , U-2346 , U-2347 , U-2349 , U-2352 , U-2357 , U-2358 , U-2360 , U-2362 , U-2364 , U-2366 , U-2367 , U-2368 , U-2369 , U-2507 , U-2517 , U-2522 , U-2525 , U-2541 , U-2544 , U-2551 , U-3015 , U-3022 , U-3044 , U-3501 , U-3510 , U-3524 , U-3526 , U-3527 , U-3528 , U-3529 , U-4701 , U-4702 , U-4703 , U-4704 , U-4707 , U-4710
6 May: U-853 , U-881 , U-3523
7 May: Avondale Park , Sneland I , U-1407
8 May: U-37 , U-320 , U-382 , U-2365 , U-2538 , U-3030 , U-3503
16 May: Haguro , Hatsutaka , U-287
18 May: USS Longshaw
20 May: U-963
24 May: HM Motor Gun Boat 2007 , U-979
25 May: USS Bates , USS LSM-135
28 May: USS Drexler
29 May: Tenryo Maru
31 May: I-361 , Uzbekistan
Other incidents