Following her DPhil, Ruffell was first a lecturer at The Queen's College and Wadham College, University of Oxford and then held a Junior Research Fellowship at Christ Church College.[3] Ruffell's doctoral research was published in 2011 by Oxford University Press as Politics and Anti-realism in Athenian Old Comedy: The Art of the Impossible.[4] Reviews of this book described it as "a novel and systematic approach to humour in Old Comedy" aiming "to explain the complex relationship between humour and politics; [Ruffell] therefore combines theoretical analysis applied to selected close readings with the cognitive responses and the role of the audience",[5] and as a "rich academic study of the intellectual and political context of the plays... Ruffell refreshingly connects Platonic theories of art and letters with familiar cultural references to cinema and television, from Airplane! to Monty Python and South Park".[6] Ruffell has also published a companion to the tragedy Prometheus Bound, praised by a reviewer as "cover[ing] all the bases with well-documented scholarship and eminent fairness to all sides of what has become in the last few decades a very perplexing and controversial drama... does an admirable job of embedding the play within its political and intellectual context",[7] as well as further articles on Greek and Roman comedy,[8][9] tragedy,[10] and satire;[11] ancient automata;[12][13] and queer readings of classical literature.[14][15]
In 2007, Ruffell provided the English translation for the National Theatre of Scotland's production of the Bacchae, an ancient Greek tragedy by Euripides. Her translation was adapted by David Greig and directed by John Tiffany. The play opened the Edinburgh International Festival in 2007.[18][19][20] Ruffell also provided the literal translation for Grieg's production of Aeschylus' Suppliant Women (2016).[21]
^Foka, Anna (April 2013). "HUMOUR AND POLITICS - I.A. Ruffell Politics and Anti-Realism in Athenian Old Comedy. The Art of the Impossible. Pp. xii + 499, figs. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011. Cased, £70, US$160. ISBN: 978-0-19-958721-6". The Classical Review. 63 (1): 37–39. doi:10.1017/S0009840X12002247. JSTOR43301271. S2CID159257652. ProQuest1313394733.
^Pritchard, Arthur (October 2014). "Politics and Anti-realism in Athenian Old Comedy: The Art of the Impossible. By Ian Ruffell. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011. Pp. 499. £74 Hb". Theatre Research International. 39 (3): 240–241. doi:10.1017/S0307883314000273. S2CID156468024. ProQuest1562093828.
^Ruffell, I. (2019). "Rebooting antiquity's robots". Argo: A Hellenic Review. 9: 17–20.[non-primary source needed]
^Keenan-Jones, Duncan; Ruffell, Ian; McGookin, Euan (2016). "Taking a bearing on Hero's anti-crane and its un-windlass: the relationship between Hero of Alexandria's mobile automaton and Greco-Roman construction machinery". In DeLaine, Janet; Camporeale, Stefano; Pizzo, Antonio (eds.). Arqueología de la Construcción: Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on the Archaeology of Roman Construction, Oxford, April 11-12, 2015. Man-made materials, engineering and infrastructure. V. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. pp. 168–184. ISBN978-84-00-10142-8.[non-primary source needed]