An independent baseball league is a professional baseball league in the United States or Canada that is not overseen by Major League Baseball or its affiliated Minor League Baseball system (historically referred to as organized baseball).[1]
Independent leagues have flourished in northeastern states, where dense populations can often support multiple franchises. Because they are not subject to the territorial limitations imposed on affiliated minor-league teams, independent clubs can relocate as close to affiliated teams (and one another) as they choose to. For example, the city of Lancaster, Pennsylvania, cannot have an affiliated team because of its proximity to the Harrisburg Senators and Reading Fightin Phils, leaving the Atlantic League to place a team—the Lancaster Barnstormers—to fill the void. Another example is the greater New York City metropolitan area, where there are many independent teams: the Long Island Ducks, Staten Island FerryHawks, New Jersey Jackals, New York Boulders, and Sussex County Miners.
The Atlantic League considered as the top level of competition among the independent leagues,[2] and has had more marquee players than any other independent league, including Jose Canseco, Mat Latos, Steve Lombardozzi Jr., Francisco Rodríguez, Chien-Ming Wang, Roger Clemens, Rich Hill, Scott Kazmir, Juan González, John Rocker, and Dontrelle Willis. Two former Atlantic League players are in the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum, Tim Raines and Rickey Henderson. Gary Carter, another Hall of Famer, managed in the league. The Atlantic League has had many notable managers and coaches, including Wally Backman, Frank Viola, Tommy John, Sparky Lyle, and Bud Harrelson. The Northern League alumni include Leon "Bull" Durham, J. D. Drew, and Darryl Strawberry.
Independent leagues are those professional leagues in the United States and Canada not under the purview of organized Minor League Baseball and the Commissioner of Baseball. Independent baseball existed in the early 20th century and has become prominent again since 1993.[3]
Leagues operated mostly autonomously before 1902, when the majority joined the NAPBL. From then until 1915, a total of eight new and existing leagues remained independent. Most joined the National Association after one season of independence. Notable exceptions were the California League, which was independent in 1902 and from 1907 to 1909; the United States Baseball League, which folded during its independent 1912 season; and the Colonial League, a National Association Member that went independent in 1915 and then folded.[4] Another independent league, the Federal League, played at a level considered major league from 1914 to 1915.[5]
Few independent leagues existed between 1915 and 1993. Major exceptions included the Carolina League and the Quebec-based Provincial League. The Carolina League, based in the North Carolina Piedmont region, gained a reputation as a notorious "outlaw league" during its existence from 1936 to 1938.[6] The Provincial League fielded six teams across Quebec and was independent from 1948 to 1949. Similarly to early 20th-century independent leagues, it joined the National Association in 1950, playing for six more years.[4][7]
Independent leagues saw new growth after 1992, after the new Professional Baseball Agreement in organized baseball instituted more stringent revenue and stadium requirements on members.[8] The Northern League and Frontier League both started play in 1993, and the Northern League's success paved the way for other independent leagues like the Texas-Louisiana League and Northeast League. Over the next eight years, at least 16 independent leagues formed, of which six existed in 2002.[4] As of the 2024 season, there are seven active leagues, with four of them acting as MLB Partner Leagues.[9]
Additionally, Major League Baseball co-operatively operates the MLB Draft League, which operates as an amateur collegiate summer baseball league in the first half of each season and a professional league outside of the structure of Minor League Baseball for the remainder.[10]
Refugio Ángel Orús Refugio Ángel OrúsLocalizaciónPaís EspañaUbicación Término municipal de Sahún, comarca de la Ribagorza, provincia de Huesca, Comunidad autónoma de Aragón, EspañaCoordenadas 42°37′39″N 0°27′27″E / 42.627441666667, 0.45743055555556Información generalEstado CompletadoUsos Refugiohttp://www.refugioangelorus.com/[editar datos en Wikidata] El refugio Ángel Orús o El Forcau está situado en el valle del Aigüeta de Eriste (Huesca, A…
ЕзакAizac Країна Франція Регіон Овернь-Рона-Альпи Департамент Ардеш Округ Ларжантьєр Кантон Антрег-сюр-Волан Код INSEE 07003 Поштові індекси 07530 Координати 44°42′55″ пн. ш. 4°19′44″ сх. д.H G O Висота 420 - 1200 м.н.р.м. Площа 6,65 км² Населення 170 (01-2020[1]) Густота 22,86 ос./к
Bejana kaca dari sebuah kuburan Romawi di Emona (kini Ljubljana). Seni kaca adalah karya seni yang terbuat sepenuhnya atau sebagian dari kaca. Ukurannya bermacam-macam dari yang sangat besar untuk menghiasi bangunan hingga karya seni berukuran sedang atau kecil yang digunakan sebagai perabot. Seni kaca banyak digunakan sebagai penghias maupun perabot di Mesir Kuno dan Asiria. Karya seni ini juga banyak dibuat pada zaman Romawi. Kemudian, pada Abad Pertengahan, para pembangun katedral-katedral be…
هذه المقالة يتيمة إذ تصل إليها مقالات أخرى قليلة جدًا. فضلًا، ساعد بإضافة وصلة إليها في مقالات متعلقة بها. (أغسطس 2021) لمعانٍ أخرى، طالع التوبة (توضيح). التوبة الأغنية لعبد الحليم حافظ الفنان عبد الحليم حافظ الناشر اسطوانات صوت الفن تاريخ الإصدار 21 أبريل 1966 النوع مقام نه
Petro Trad Petro Trad (arabisch بيترو طراد, * 1886 in Beirut; † 1947) war ein libanesischer Politiker griechisch-orthodoxen Glaubens. Er war von Juli bis September 1943 Präsident des Libanon. Trad hatte im Jahr 1900 in Paris an der französischen Universität Paris sein Jura-Studium abgeschlossen und war seit 1922 Mitglied des libanesischen Parlaments. Sein Amtsvorgänger als Präsident des Libanon, Ayub Thabit, geriet während seiner kurzen Amtszeit in den Machtkampf zwischen de…
This article is about the British talent show. For the Journey song, see Don't Stop Believin'. For other uses, see Don't Stop Believin' (disambiguation). British TV series or programme Don't Stop BelievingGenreTalent showReality televisionDirected byStuart McDonaldPresented byEmma BuntonPhil Clifton (backstage)JudgesDuncan JamesAnastaciaTamzin OuthwaiteCharles KlapowCountry of originUnited KingdomNo. of series1No. of episodes6ProductionProduction locationThe Maidstone StudiosProduction comp…
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Skyscraper in Manhattan, New York 111 West 57th StreetSeen in April 2023Alternative namesSteinway TowerGeneral informationStatusCompletedTypeResidentialLocationManhattan, New York, U.S.Coordinates40°45′54″N 73°58′39″W / 40.7649°N 73.9775°W / 40.7649; -73.9775Construction startedJuly 8, 2015 (residential tower)June 1924 (Steinway Hall)Topped-outOctober 2019 (residential tower)Completed2021 (residential tower)October 27, 1925 (Steinway Hall)Renovated2019–2021 …
New York-based reality television series in the United States The Real Housewives of New York CityGenreReality televisionStarring Bethenny Frankel Luann de Lesseps Alex McCord Ramona Singer Jill Zarin Kelly Killoren Bensimon Sonja Morgan Cindy Barshop Aviva Drescher Carole Radziwill Heather Thomson Kristen Taekman Dorinda Medley Jules Wainstein Tinsley Mortimer Leah McSweeney Eboni K. Williams Sai De Silva Ubah Hassan Erin Lichy Jenna Lyons Jessel Taank Brynn Whitfield Country of originUnited St…
?Війчик чорнощокий Охоронний статус Найменший ризик (МСОП 3.1)[1] Біологічна класифікація Домен: Еукаріоти (Eukaryota) Царство: Тварини (Animalia) Тип: Хордові (Chordata) Клас: Птахи (Aves) Ряд: Горобцеподібні (Passeriformes) Родина: Cettiidae Рід: Війчик (Abroscopus) Вид: Війчик чорнощокий Біноміальна н
Houston, TX, September 3, 2005. A giant message board helps people locate friends and loved ones at the Reliant Center. Thousands of displaced citizens were moved from New Orleans to Houston in a FEMA organized bus program. Photo of destruction in Lower Ninth Ward following Hurricane Katrina Internally displaced persons in the United States are people from the Gulf States region in the southern United States, most notably New Orleans, Louisiana, who were forced to leave their homes because …
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