Hulu Langat (federal constituency)

Hulu Langat (P101)
Selangor constituency
Federal constituency
LegislatureDewan Rakyat
MP
Constituency created1974
First contested1974
Last contested2022
Demographics
Population (2020)[1]347,569
Electors (2023)[2]171,719
Area (km²)[3]620
Pop. density (per km²)560.6

Hulu Langat is a federal constituency in Hulu Langat District, Selangor, Malaysia, that has been represented in the Dewan Rakyat since 1974.

The federal constituency was created from parts of the Langat constituency in the 1974 redistribution and is mandated to return a single member to the Dewan Rakyat under the first past the post voting system.

Demographics

Ethnic breakdown of Hulu Langat's electorate as of 2022[4]

  Malay (69.36%)
  Chinese (20.3%)
  Indian (9.28%)
  Other ethnicities (2.55%)

Age breakdown of Hulu Langat's electorate as of 2022

  18-20 (8.92%)
  21-29 (25.99%)
  30-39 (21.37%)
  40-49 (16.22%)
  50-59 (13.67%)
  60-69 (9.23%)
  70-79 (3.45%)
  80-89 (0.98%)
  above 90 (0.16%)

Gender breakdown of Hulu Langat's electorate as of 2022

  Male (50.03%)
  Female (49.97%)

History

Polling districts

According to the gazette issued on 18 July 2023, the Hulu Langat constituency has a total of 41 polling districts.[5]

State constituency Polling districts Code Location
Dusun Tua (N23) Pangsun 101/23/01 SK Lubuk Kelubi
Lui 101/23/02 SK Sungai Lui
Kampung Jawa 101/23/03 SRA Batu 18 Hulu Langat
Pekan Lui 101/23/04 SJK (C) Choon Hwa Batu 18 Hulu Langat
Sungai Tekali 101/23/05 SK Sungai Tekali
Dusun Tua 101/23/06 SK Dusun Tua
Batu 14 Hulu Langat 101/23/07 SMK Abdul Jalil Hulu Langat
Sungai Serai 101/23/08 SK Sungai Serai
Batu 9 Cheras 101/23/09 SJK (C) Batu 9 Cheras
Kampung Sungai Raya 101/23/10 SRA Batu 9 Cheras
Taman Suntex 101/23/11 SK Batu Sembilan Cheras
Taman Cuepacs 101/23/12 SK Taman Cuepacs
Batu 13 Hulu Langat 101/23/13 SRA Pekan Hulu Langat
Sri Nanding 101/23/14 SRA Dusun Nanding Hulu Langat
Kampung Melaka 101/23/15 SK Bukit Raya
Taman Alam Jaya 101/23/16 SK Taman Puteri Cheras
Taman Kota Cheras 101/23/17 SRA Batu 10 Cheras
Batu 10 Cheras 101/23/18 Kompleks Penghulu Mukim Cheras
Semenyih (N24) Semenyih Barat 101/24/01 SK Bandar Sunway Semenyih
Hulu Semenyih 101/24/02 SK Ulu Semenyih
Tarun 101/24/03 Pejabat Jawatankuasa Kemajuan Dan Keselamatan Kampung (JKKK) Kampung Baru Tarun / Broga
Kampung Tanjong 101/24/04 SK Semenyih
Kampung Baharu Semenyih 101/24/05 SJK (C) Kampung Baru Semenyih
Pekan Semenyih 101/24/06 SJK (C) Sin Ming Semenyih
Semenyih Selatan 101/24/07 SRA Batu Tiga Jalan Bangi
Kampung Rinching 101/24/08 SK Kampung Rinching
Bandar Rinching Seksyen 1–4 101/24/09 SK Bandar Rinching
Sesapan Kelubi 101/24/10 Pejabat Jawatankuasa Kemajuan Dan Keselamatan Kampung (JKKK), Kampung Sesapan Kelubi
Sesapan Batu 101/24/11 SRA Sesapan Batu Minangkabau
Sungai Jai 101/24/12 Balai Raya Kampung Sungai Jai
Beranang 101/24/13 SK Beranang
Kuala Pajam 101/24/14 SK Kampung Kuala Pajam
Sungai Kembung 101/24/15 SK Rinching Hilir
Sesapan Batu Rembau 101/24/16 Balai Raya Sesapan Batu Rembau
Kampung Batu 26 Beranang 101/24/17 Balai Raya Taman PKNS Batu 26 Beranang
Penjara Kajang 101/24/18 Kafa Integrasi Hidayatul Iman
Semenyih Indah 101/24/19 SMK Engku Hussain
Bandar Rinching Seksyen 5–6 101/24/20 SMK Bandar Rinching
Bandar Tasik Kesuma 101/24/21 SMK Bandar Tasik Kesuma
Kantan Permai 101/24/22
  • SK Kantan Permai
  • SRA Sungai Kantan 3
Bukit Mahkota 101/24/23
  • SMK Bandar Seri Putra
  • SK Bandar Bukit Mahkota

Representation history

Members of Parliament for Hulu Langat
Parliament No Years Member Party
Constituency created from Langat and Setapak
Ulu Langat
4th P078 1974–1978 Lee Siok Yew
(李孝友)
BN (MCA)
5th 1978–1982 Rosemary Chow Poh Kheng
(周宝琼)
6th 1982–1986
Hulu Langat
7th P089 1986–1990 Lee Kim Sai
(李金狮)
BN (MCA)
8th 1990–1995
9th P093 1995–1999 Badrul Hisham Abdul Aziz
(بدرول هشام عبدالعزيز)
BN (UMNO)
10th 1999–2004
11th P101 2004–2008 Markiman Kobiran
(مركيمن كوبيرن)
12th 2008–2013 Che Rosli Che Mat
(چئ رسل چئ مت)
PR (PAS)
13th 2013–2018
14th 2018–2022 Hasanuddin Mohd Yunus
(حسن الدين بن محمد يونس)
PH (AMANAH)
15th 2022–present Mohd Sany Hamzan
(محمد ثاني حمدان)

State constituency

Parliamentary

constituency

State constituency
1955–59* 1959–1974 1974–1986 1986–1995 1995–2004 2004–2018 2018–present
Hulu Langat Beranang
Dusun Tua
Kajang
Semenyih Semenyih
Ulu Langat Dusun Tua
Kajang
Semenyih

Current state assembly members

No. State Constituency Member Coalition (Party)
N23 Dusun Tua Johan Abd Aziz BN (UMNO)
N24 Semenyih Nushi Mahfodz PN (PAS)

Local governments & postcodes

No. State Constituency Local Government Postcode
N23 Dusun Tua Kajang Municipal Council
  • 43000 Kajang
  • 43100 Hulu Langat
  • 43200 Cheras
  • 43500 Semenyih
  • 43700 Beranang
N24 Semenyih

Election results

Malaysian general election, 2022
Party Candidate Votes % ∆%
PH Mohd Sany Hamzan 58,382 42.68 Decrease 12.85
PN Mohd Radzi Abd Latif 43,486 31.79 Increase 31.79
BN Johan Abd Aziz 32,570 23.81 Decrease 2.90
GTA Markiman Kobiran 1,655 1.21 Increase 1.21
Heritage Abdul Rahman Jaafar 370 0.27 Increase 0.27
Independent Mohamed Noortheen Ahamed Mustafa 326 0.24 Increase 0.24
Total valid votes 136,786 100.00
Total rejected ballots 1,214
Unreturned ballots 339
Turnout 138,339 82.89 Decrease 5.22
Registered electors 166,902
Majority 14,896 10.89 Decrease 17.92
PH hold Swing
Malaysian general election, 2018
Party Candidate Votes % ∆%
PH Hasanuddin Mohd Yunus 49,004 55.53 Increase 55.53
BN Azman Ahmad 23,580 26.72 Decrease 15.50
PAS Che Rosli Che Mat 15,663 17.75 Decrease 40.03
Total valid votes 88,247 100.00
Total rejected ballots 929
Unreturned ballots 401
Turnout 89,577 87.51 Decrease 1.11
Registered electors 102,363
Majority 25,424 28.81 Increase 13.52
PH gain from PAS Swing ?
Source(s)

"His Majesty's Government Gazette - Notice of Contested Election, Parliament for the State of Selangor [P.U. (B) 239/2018]" (PDF). Attorney General's Chambers of Malaysia. 3 May 2018. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-07-19. Retrieved 2018-08-01.

"Federal Government Gazette - Results of Contested Election and Statements of the Poll after the Official Addition of Votes, Parliamentary Constituencies for the State of Selangor [P.U. (B) 313/2018]" (PDF). Attorney General's Chambers of Malaysia. 28 May 2018. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-07-19. Retrieved 2018-08-01.
Malaysian general election, 2013
Party Candidate Votes % ∆%
PAS Che Rosli Che Mat 64,127 57.78 Increase 6.54
BN Adzhaliza Mohd Nor 46,860 42.22 Decrease 6.54
Total valid votes 110,987 100.00
Total rejected ballots 1,335
Unreturned ballots 534
Turnout 112,856 88.62 Increase 8.55
Registered electors 127,347
Majority 17,267 15.56 Increase 13.08
PAS hold Swing
Source(s)

"Federal Government Gazette - Notice of Contested Election, Parliament for the State of Selangor [P.U. (B) 176/2013]" (PDF). Attorney General's Chambers of Malaysia. 26 April 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-09-30. Retrieved 2016-04-27.

"Federal Government Gazette - Results of Contested Election and Statements of the Poll after the Official Addition of Votes, Parliamentary Constituencies for the State of Selangor [P.U. (B) 217/2013]" (PDF). Attorney General's Chambers of Malaysia. 22 May 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-09-30. Retrieved 2016-04-27.
Malaysian general election, 2008
Party Candidate Votes % ∆%
PAS Che Rosli Che Mat 36,124 51.24 Increase 20.51
BN Markiman Kobiran 34,379 48.76 Decrease 20.51
Total valid votes 70,503 100.00
Total rejected ballots 1,401
Unreturned ballots 418
Turnout 72,322 80.07 Increase 3.56
Registered electors 90,319
Majority 1,745 2.48 Decrease 36.06
PAS gain from BN Swing ?


Malaysian general election, 2004
Party Candidate Votes % ∆%
BN Markiman Kobiran 40,937 69.27 Increase 15.56
PAS Yeop Adlan Che Rose 18,160 30.73 Increase 30.73
Total valid votes 59,097 100.00
Total rejected ballots 1,625
Unreturned ballots 487
Turnout 61,209 76.51 Increase 0.89
Registered electors 80,001
Majority 22,777 38.54 Increase 31.12
BN hold Swing


Malaysian general election, 1999
Party Candidate Votes % ∆%
BN Badrul Hisham Abdul Aziz 28,018 53.71 Decrease 30.13
PKR Mohd Nor Nawawi 24,152 46.29 Increase 46.29
Total valid votes 52,170 100.00
Total rejected ballots 1,007
Unreturned ballots 380
Turnout 53,557 75.62 Increase 4.02
Registered electors 70,823
Majority 3,866 7.42 Decrease 60.26
BN hold Swing


Malaysian general election, 1995
Party Candidate Votes % ∆%
BN Badrul Hisham Abdul Aziz 38,172 83.84 Increase 23.00
S46 Mohd Zainal Abidin Abdul Mutalib 7,360 16.16 Increase 16.16
Total valid votes 45,532 100.00
Total rejected ballots 1,678
Unreturned ballots 583
Turnout 47,793 71.60 Decrease 4.58
Registered electors 67,001
Majority 30,812 67.68 Increase 46.00
BN hold Swing


Malaysian general election, 1990
Party Candidate Votes % ∆%
BN Lee Kim Sai 28,714 60.84 Increase 3.46
DAP Lim Ann Koon 18,483 39.16 Increase 4.83
Total valid votes 47,197 100.00
Total rejected ballots 2,297
Unreturned ballots 0
Turnout 48,954 76.18 Increase 4.81
Register electors 64,264
Majority 9,691 21.68 Decrease 1.40
BN hold Swing


Malaysian general election, 1986
Party Candidate Votes % ∆%
BN Lee Kim Sai 22,217 57.38 Decrease 3.97
DAP Lam Man Yoon 13,292 34.33 Increase 3.12
SDP Ahamad Kamari 3,208 8.29 Increase 8.29
Total valid votes 38,717 100.00
Total rejected ballots 934
Unreturned ballots 0
Turnout 39,651 71.37 Increase 4.85
Registered electors 55,558
Majority 8,925 23.05 Decrease 7.09
BN hold Swing


Malaysian general election, 1982: Ulu Langat
Party Candidate Votes % ∆%
BN Rosemary Chow Poh Kheng 18,152 61.35 Increase 16.50
DAP Zainal Rampak 9,236 31.21 Decrease 10.28
PAS Yusof Siddiq 2,201 7.44 Decrease 0.47
Total valid votes 29,589 100.00
Total rejected ballots 1,032
Unreturned ballots 0
Turnout 30,621 66.52
Registered electors 46,033
Majority 8,916 30.14 Increase 26.78
BN hold Swing


Malaysian general election, 1978: Ulu Langat
Party Candidate Votes % ∆%
BN Rosemary Chow Poh Kheng 12,539 44.85 Decrease 28.09
DAP Ong Kwai Leng 11,598 41.49 Increase 26.05
PAS Zainal Abidin Mohd Sidek 2,212 7.91 Increase 7.91
Parti Rakyat Malaysia Kampo Radjo Bagindo Kayo 902 3.23 Increase 3.23
PEKEMAS Kamarulzaman Ibrahim 706 2.53 Decrease 13.07
Total valid votes 27,957 100.00
Total rejected ballots 1,005
Unreturned ballots 0
Turnout 28,962 76.82 Decrease 1.50
Registered electors 37,702
Majority 941 3.36 Decrease 53.98
BN hold Swing


Malaysian general election, 1974: Ulu Langat
Party Candidate Votes %
BN Lee Siok Yew 14,651 72.94
PEKEMAS Chen Soo Yin 3,134 15.60
DAP Mohamed Yunus Said 3,102 15.44
Total valid votes 20,087 100.00
Total rejected ballots 985
Unreturned ballots 800
Turnout 21,872 78.32
Registered electors 22,289
Majority 11,517 57.34
This was a new constituency created out of Langat which went to Alliance in the previous election.

References

Read other articles:

Artikel ini sebatang kara, artinya tidak ada artikel lain yang memiliki pranala balik ke halaman ini.Bantulah menambah pranala ke artikel ini dari artikel yang berhubungan atau coba peralatan pencari pranala.Tag ini diberikan pada Februari 2023. Gangnam ZombiePoster teaserNama lain강남좀비SutradaraLee Soo-seongProduserLee Soo-seongChoe Gwang-raeSkenarioChoe SeungPemeran Ji Il-joo Park Ji-yeon Cho Kyung-hun SinematograferKim Do-youngPenyuntingBak Su-jinPerusahaanproduksiLee FilmJoy N...

 

 

Royal Secret AgentPoster promosiNama alternatifBlade of the Phantom Master New Secret Royal Agent New AmbassadorHangul암행어사: 조선비밀수사단 Hanja暗行御史: 朝鮮秘密搜查團 GenreSejarahKomediDetektifPembuatKBS Drama HeadquartersDitulis olehKang Min-sunPark Sung-hoonSutradaraKim Jung-minPemeranKim Myung-sooKwon NaraLee Yi-kyungLee Tae-hwanJo Soo-minPenata musikLee Ji-yongNegara asalKorea SelatanBahasa asliKoreaJmlh. episode16ProduksiProduser eksekutifYoon Jae-hyukP...

 

 

Monetary principle, bad money drives out good Good money redirects here. For the banking platform, see Good Money. Sir Thomas Gresham In economics, Gresham's law is a monetary principle stating that bad money drives out good. For example, if there are two forms of commodity money in circulation, which are accepted by law as having similar face value, the more valuable commodity will gradually disappear from circulation.[1][2] The law was named in 1857 by economist Henry Dunnin...

United States historic placeCharlotte County CourthouseU.S. National Register of Historic PlacesU.S. Historic districtContributing propertyVirginia Landmarks Register The courthouse in September 2014Location125 David Bruce Ave.,Charlotte Court House, VirginiaCoordinates37°03′23″N 78°38′16″W / 37.0563°N 78.6377°W / 37.0563; -78.6377Area2 acres (0.81 ha)Built1821 (1821)-1823ArchitectJefferson, Thomas; Percival, JohnArchitectural styleEarly Repu...

 

 

Ecuadorian tennis player For other people named Andrés Gómez, see Andrés Gómez (disambiguation). In this Spanish name, the first or paternal surname is Gómez and the second or maternal family name is Santos. Andrés GómezFull nameAndrés Gómez SantosCountry (sports) EcuadorResidenceGuayaquil, EcuadorBorn (1960-02-27) 27 February 1960 (age 64)Guayaquil, EcuadorHeight1.93 m (6 ft 4 in)Turned pro1979Retired1995PlaysLeft-handed (one-handed ba...

 

 

Chief Justice of the United States from 1986 to 2005 Rehnquist redirects here. For the surname, see Rehnquist (surname). William RehnquistOfficial portrait, 198616th Chief Justice of the United StatesIn officeSeptember 26, 1986 – September 3, 2005Nominated byRonald ReaganPreceded byWarren E. BurgerSucceeded byJohn RobertsAssociate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United StatesIn officeJanuary 7, 1972 – September 26, 1986Nominated byRichard NixonPreceded byJohn Marshal...

Former German national railway system This article is about the national railways of Germany between the two world wars. For state railways of the post-war East Germany, see Deutsche Reichsbahn (East Germany). Deutsche ReichsbahnDR emblem during the Weimar RepublicIndustryRail transport companyPredecessorGerman state railwaysFounded1 April 1920; 104 years ago (1920-04-01)Defunct7 October 1949; 74 years ago (1949-10-07)SuccessorsDeutsche BundesbahnDeutsche R...

 

 

American politician Amy Morrin BelloMember of the Connecticut House of Representativesfrom the 28th districtIncumbentAssumed office January 6, 2021Preceded byRussell Morin Personal detailsPolitical partyDemocraticEducationProvidence College (BA) Amy Morrin Bello is an American politician serving as a member of the Connecticut House of Representatives from the 28th district. Elected in November 2020, she assumed office on January 6, 2021. Education Morrin Bello earned a Bachelo...

 

 

The Nightingale First editionAuthorAgnes Sligh TurnbullCountryUnited StatesLanguageEnglishGenreNovelPublisherHoughton MifflinPublication date1960Media typePrint (hardback)Pages403OCLC1390870Preceded byThe Golden Journey Followed byThe King's Orchard  The Nightingale is a novel by the American writer Agnes Sligh Turnbull (1888–1982) set in a fictional rural Western Pennsylvania village (but much like the author's birthplace of New Alexandria, Pennsylvania, about thir...

銮披汶·頌堪แปลก พิบูลสงคราม第3任泰國總理任期1938年12月16日—1944年8月1日君主國王拉玛八世前任披耶帕凤侯爵继任寬·阿派旺第8任泰國總理任期1948年4月8日—1957年9月16日君主國王拉玛九世前任寬·阿派旺继任乃朴·沙拉信 个人资料出生貝·基達桑卡(1897-07-14)1897年7月14日 暹罗暖武里府逝世1964年6月11日(1964歲—06—11)(66歲) 日本神奈川縣相模原市国籍&#...

 

 

Rare chromosomal disorder Man with XYYYY syndrome XYYYY syndrome, also known as 49,XYYYY, is an exceptionally rare chromosomal disorder in which a male human has three additional copies of the Y chromosome. Only seven non-mosaic cases of the disorder have ever been recorded in the medical literature, as well as five mosaic cases, of which two had more 48,XYYY than 49,XYYYY cells.[1] Due to the extreme rarity of the disorder, little is understood about it,[2] and the phenotype ...

 

 

هذه المقالة يتيمة إذ تصل إليها مقالات أخرى قليلة جدًا. فضلًا، ساعد بإضافة وصلة إليها في مقالات متعلقة بها. (سبتمبر 2022) الجلالة الخدمة الجنسية  مصر المشغل القوات البحرية المصرية  بداية الخدمة 23 ديسمبر 2020 أول إبحار 23 ديسمبر 2020 الميناء الإسكندرية الحالة في الخدمة اي ام او ...

Culinary traditions of Apulia, Italy Italian cuisine History Ancient Roman cuisine Medieval cuisine Early modern cuisine Contemporary cuisine Regional cuisines Abruzzese cuisine Apulian cuisine Arbëreshë cuisine Corsican cuisine Ligurian cuisine Lombard cuisine Mantuan cuisine Lucanian cuisine Neapolitan cuisine Piedmontese cuisine Roman cuisine Sardinian cuisine Sicilian cuisine Venetian cuisine Lists Chefs Dishes Pasta Cheeses PDO Desserts and pastries Restaurants Wine IGT DOCG DOC Beer S...

 

 

Permainan papan astronomi, dari Libro de los juegos Libro de los Juegos (Buku Permainan), atau Libro de acedrex, dados e tablas (Buku catur, dadu, dan tabel) adalah buku dari abad ke-13 yang ditulis atas pesanan Alfonso X dari Kastilia (Alfonso X yang Bijak), raja dari León dan Kerajaan Kastilia. Penulisan buku ini diselesaikan pada tahun 1283.[1] Isinya terdiri dari 98 halaman. Sebagian besar di antaranya berupa ilustrasi berwarna.[1] Permainan yang dibahas antara lain adala...

 

 

Pesawat tanker KC-135 Stratotanker, dua pesawat tempur F-15 dan dua pesawat tempur F-16 milik Angkatan Udara Amerika Serikat dalam latihan pengisian bahan bakar di udara. Satelit dan Parasut: USAF HC-130P mengisi bahan bakar sebuah HH-60 Pave Hawk Pengisian bahan bakar di udara, adalah proses memindahkan bahan bakar dari satu pesawat (tangker) ke pesawat lain (penerima) saat melakukan penerbangan.[1] Prosedur ini memungkinkan pesawat penerima untuk terbang lebih lama, menambah jarak j...

Parlemen Irlandia OireachtasNational ParliamentSegel Resmi OireachtasLambang OireachtasJenisJenisBikameral MajelisDáil ÉireannSeanad ÉireannSejarahDibentuk29 Desember 1937Didahului olehOireachtas Negara Bebas IrlandiaPimpinanPresiden IrlandiaMichael D. Higgins sejak 11 November 2011 Ceann ComhairleSeán Ó Fearghaíl, Fianna Fáil sejak 10 Maret 2016 CathaoirleachJerry Buttimer, Fine Gael sejak 16 Desember 2022 Pemimpin OposisiMary Lou McDonald, Sinn Féin sejak 27 Juni 20...

 

 

American actor (1926–2014) This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Craig Hill actor – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (April 2014) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Craig HillCraig Hill as Clayton in Lo voglio mortoBornCraig Hill Fowler[1](1926-03-05)March 5, 1926...

 

 

التحالف المزدوجمعلومات عامةالمكان فيينا لغة العمل أو لغة الاسم الألمانية تاريخ البدء 7 أكتوبر 1879 المشاركون الإمبراطورية النمساوية المجريةالرايخ الألماني تعديل - تعديل مصدري - تعديل ويكي بيانات أحداث أدت إلى الحرب العالمية الأولى الحرب الفرنسية البروسية1870–1871 الوفاق الأ�...

Romano Canavese komune di Italia Tempat NegaraItaliaDaerah di ItaliaPiemonteKota metropolitan di ItaliaKota Metropolitan Turin NegaraItalia Ibu kotaRomano Canavese PendudukTotal2.639  (2023 )GeografiLuas wilayah11,21 km² [convert: unit tak dikenal]Ketinggian270 m Berbatasan denganMercenasco Pavone Canavese Perosa Canavese Strambino Ivrea Scarmagno Informasi tambahanKode pos10090 Zona waktuUTC+1 UTC+2 Kode telepon0125 ID ISTAT001223 Kode kadaster ItaliaH511 Lain-lainSitus webLaman r...

 

 

Martin Bosma Ketua DPRPetahanaMulai menjabat 14 Desember 2023Anggota DPRPetahanaMulai menjabat 30 November 2006 Informasi pribadiLahir16 Juli 1964 (umur 60)Wormer, BelandaKebangsaanBelanda Sunting kotak info • L • B Martin Bosma (lahir 16 Juli 1964) adalah seorang politikus dan mantan jurnalis Belanda yang menjabat sebagai anggota DPR sejak 30 November 2006 dan sebagai Wakil Ketua DPR sejak 2017. Ia berfokus pada materi-materi perguruan tinggi, media massa dan buday...