A house plan[1] is a set of construction or working drawings (sometimes called blueprints) that define all the construction specifications of a residential house such as the dimensions, materials, layouts, installation methods and techniques.
Drawing set
The principal information provided in a set of blueprint drawings is as follows:
Site plans are detailed drawings that show a home's position on its property, viewed from above. They illustrate how the home relates to the lot's boundaries and surroundings. Site plans should outline location of utility services, setback requirements, easements, location of driveways and walkways, and sometimes even topographical data that specifies the slope of the terrain.
A floor plan[2] is an overhead view of the completed house. On the plan, you will see parallel lines that scale at whatever width the walls are required to be. Dimensions are usually drawn between the walls to specify room sizes and wall lengths. Floor plans will also indicate rooms, all the doors and windows and any built-in elements, such as plumbingfixtures, cabinets, water heaters, furnaces, etc. Floor plans will include notes to specify finishes, construction methods, or symbols for electrical items.
Elevations are a non-perspective view of the home. These are drawn to scale so that measurements can be taken for any aspect necessary. Plans include front, rear and both side elevations. The elevations specify ridge heights, the positioning of the final fall of the land, exterior finishes, roof pitches and other details that are necessary to give the home its exterior architectural styling.
A section provides a cross-sectional view of a building[3], illustrating a "cut-through" at a specific location indicated on the floor plan. It reveals details about the construction process and showcases the intended appearance of internal finishes. Sections are used because they explain certain conditions in more detail. These conditions may include ceiling height, ceiling type (flat or vault), and window and door dimensions.
Foundation plan outlines the dimensions and precise locations of footings, providing a detailed guide for the building’s structural base.
Framing plan details the wall construction, specifying the size of the lumber to be used, typically usually 2x4 or 2x6.
The sub-floor plan provides construction details for this area, including the arrangement of services (such as plumbing and framing structures).
Roof plans outline the type of roof and materials to use[4], its pitch and framing structure required.
Interior elevation drawings provides detailed views of interior walls that showcase their design and layout.
Detail drawings highlight specific features like built-in shelving, moldings, and columns, providing precise construction guidelines.
Schedules list specifications for various elements such as windows and doors, including dimensions and materials.
Structural layouts present the arrangement of critical load-bearing components to ensure stability.
Electrical and telecoms drawings show locations of all the outlets, TV sockets, switches and fixtures. They also indicate which switches operate which lights and where the electric lines should be run.
An open floor plan is one which values wide, unenclosed spaces. They are made possible by curtain wall technology, engineered lumber and truss systems, and thoughtful structural design which allow for larger clear-spans than formerly possible in residential construction.
An open floor plan limits or excludes walls separating the main living areas of the house (living room, dining room, kitchen) to allow for easier entertaining and interaction between family members.
