Horace W. Babcock

Horace W. Babcock
Born(1912-09-13)September 13, 1912
DiedAugust 29, 2003(2003-08-29) (aged 90)
Known foradaptive optics
Babcock Model
AwardsHenry Draper Medal (1957)
Eddington Medal (1958)
Bruce Medal (1969)
Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society (1970)
George Ellery Hale Prize (1992)
Scientific career
Fieldsastronomy

Horace Welcome Babcock (September 13, 1912 – August 29, 2003) was an American astronomer. He was the son of Harold D. Babcock.

Career

Babcock invented and built a number of astronomical instruments, and in 1953 was the first to propose the idea of adaptive optics.[1][2] He specialized in spectroscopy and the study of magnetic fields of stars. He proposed the Babcock Model, a theory for the magnetism of sunspots.

During World War II, he was engaged in radiation work at MIT and Caltech. After the war he began a productive collaboration with his father. His undergraduate studies were at Caltech and his doctorate from University of California, Berkeley.[3]

Babcock's 1938 doctoral thesis contained one of the earliest indications of dark matter. He reported measurements of the rotation curve for the Andromeda galaxy (M31) which suggested that the mass-to-luminosity ratio increases radially.[4] He, however, attributed it to either absorption of light within the galaxy or modified dynamics in the outer portions of the spiral and not to any form of missing matter. It was not until the 1970s and the work of Rubin and Ford that Babcock's rotation curve of M31 was fully accepted as an indication of a mass or gravity problem in spiral galaxies.[5]

He was director of the Palomar Observatory for Caltech from 1964 to 1978.

Honors

Awards

Named after him

Honors

References

  1. ^ Babcock, H.W. (1953) “The possibility of compensating astronomical seeing,” Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 65 (386) : 229–236. Available at: Astrophysics Data System
  2. ^ "'Adaptive optics' come into focus". BBC. 18 February 2011. Retrieved 24 June 2013.
  3. ^ Hockey, Thomas (2009). The Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers. Springer Publishing. ISBN 978-0-387-31022-0. Retrieved August 22, 2012.
  4. ^ Babcock, H, 1939, “The rotation of the Andromeda Nebula”, Lick Observatory bulletin ; no. 498
  5. ^ Vanderburgh, W. L. (2014) "Putting a New Spin on Galaxies: Horace W. Babcock, the Andromeda Nebula, and the Dark Matter Revolution," Journal for the History of Astronomy, 45(2) : 141-159. |url=https://doi.org/10.1177/002182861404500201
  6. ^ "Henry Draper Medal". National Academy of Sciences. Archived from the original on 26 January 2013. Retrieved 24 February 2011.
  7. ^ "Book of Members, 1780-2010: Chapter B" (PDF). American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 14 April 2011.
  8. ^ "Past Winners of the Catherine Wolfe Bruce Gold Medal". Astronomical Society of the Pacific. Archived from the original on 21 July 2011. Retrieved 24 February 2011.
  9. ^ "Winners of the Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society". Royal Astronomical Society. Archived from the original on 25 May 2011. Retrieved 24 February 2011.
  10. ^ "Horace W. Babcock". www.nasonline.org. Retrieved 2022-09-29.
  11. ^ "Horace Welcome Babcock". American Academy of Arts & Sciences. Retrieved 2022-09-29.
  12. ^ "APS Member History". search.amphilsoc.org. Retrieved 2022-09-29.

Obituaries

Read other articles:

Mancelona

Questa voce sull'argomento centri abitati del Michigan è solo un abbozzo. Contribuisci a migliorarla secondo le convenzioni di Wikipedia. Segui i suggerimenti del progetto di riferimento. Mancelonavillage(EN) Mancelona, Michigan LocalizzazioneStato Stati Uniti Stato federato Michigan ConteaAntrim TerritorioCoordinate44°54′14″N 85°03′38.02″W / 44.90389°N 85.06056°W44.90389; -85.06056 (Mancelona)Coordinate: 44°54′14″N 85°03′38.02″W...

 

KT Corporation

Artikel ini memiliki beberapa masalah. Tolong bantu memperbaikinya atau diskusikan masalah-masalah ini di halaman pembicaraannya. (Pelajari bagaimana dan kapan saat yang tepat untuk menghapus templat pesan ini) Artikel ini berisi konten yang ditulis dengan gaya sebuah iklan. Bantulah memperbaiki artikel ini dengan menghapus konten yang dianggap sebagai spam dan pranala luar yang tidak sesuai, dan tambahkan konten ensiklopedis yang ditulis dari sudut pandang netral dan sesuai dengan kebijakan ...

 

Banque du Japon

Pour les articles homonymes, voir BOJ. Banque du Japon(ja) 日本銀行 Logo de la Banque du Japon Siège Tokyo ( Japon) Coordonnéesgéographiquesdu siège 35° 41′ 12″ nord, 139° 46′ 18″ est Création 1882 Gouverneur Kazuo Ueda Devise Yen Code ISO 4217 JPY Site officiel (ja + en) http://www.boj.or.jp Géolocalisation sur la carte : Tokyo Banque du Japon Géolocalisation sur la carte : Japon Banque du Japon modifier  Banque du ...

Kowloon

Halaman ini berisi artikel tentang kawasan perkotaan di Hong Kong. Untuk kegunaan lain, lihat Kowloon (disambiguasi). Kowloon 九龍Lokasi di Hong KongPopulasi (2006) • Total2.019.533 • Kepadatan43.033/km2 (111,450/sq mi)Zona waktuUTC+8 (Waktu Hong Kong) Artikel ini memuat Teks Tionghoa. Tanpa bantuan render yang baik, anda mungkin akan melihat tanda tanya, kotak-kotak, atau simbol lainnya bukannya Karakter Tionghoa. Kowloon Hanzi tradisional: 九龍 Makn...

 

Mitsubishi Ki-20

Mitsubishi Ki-20 adalah varian bomber Jepang dari pesawat Junkers G.38. Mitsubishi memproduksi enam pesawat di bawah lisensi dari Junkers. Pesawat ini, ditunjuk Army Type 92 Heavy Bomber, dilayani melalui tahun 1930-an. Selama Perang Dunia II, Ki-20 disajikan dalam berbagai transportasi dan dukungan peran. Referensi Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Mitsubishi Ki-20. Mikesh, Robert C. (1990). Japanese Aircraft, 1910-1941. London: Putnam Aeronautical Books. ISBN 0-85177-840-2....

 

Maluku Islands

Archipelago in eastern Indonesia Spice Islands redirects here. For other uses, see Spice Islands (disambiguation). For the Indonesian provinces administering the archipelago, see North Maluku and Maluku (province). Maluku IslandsFebruary 2013 map of the Maluku IslandsGeographyLocationSoutheast Asia, MelanesiaCoordinates03°S 129°E / 3°S 129°E / -3; 129Total islands~1000Major islandsHalmahera, Seram, Buru, Ambon, Ternate, Tidore, Aru Islands, Kai Islands, Lucipara Is...

Allaere, Tanralili, Maros

Koordinat: 5°03′13″S 119°35′59″E / 5.0535609°S 119.5996288°E / -5.0535609; 119.5996288 AllaereDesaKantor Desa AllaereNegara IndonesiaProvinsiSulawesi SelatanKabupatenMarosKecamatanTanraliliKode pos90553Kode Kemendagri73.09.07.2002 Luas6,16 km² tahun 2017Jumlah penduduk2.140 jiwa tahun 2017Kepadatan347,40 jiwa/km² tahun 2017Jumlah RT8Jumlah RW5 Allaere (Lontara Bugis & Lontara Makassar: ᨕᨒᨕᨙᨑᨙ, transliterasi: Allaéré) adalah nama seb...

 

Kedung Sari, Sukajadi, Pekanbaru

Artikel ini tidak memiliki referensi atau sumber tepercaya sehingga isinya tidak bisa dipastikan. Tolong bantu perbaiki artikel ini dengan menambahkan referensi yang layak. Tulisan tanpa sumber dapat dipertanyakan dan dihapus sewaktu-waktu.Cari sumber: Kedung Sari, Sukajadi, Pekanbaru – berita · surat kabar · buku · cendekiawan · JSTOR Kedung SariKelurahanNegara IndonesiaProvinsiRiauKotaPekanbaruKecamatanSukajadiKode Kemendagri14.71.01.1005 Kode B...

 

Rubelles

Balai kota Rubelles. RubellesNegaraPrancisArondisemenMelunKantonMelun-NordAntarkomuneCommunauté d'agglomération Melun-Val de SeinePemerintahan • Wali kota (2008-2014) Jacques Baumann • Populasi11.848Kode INSEE/pos77394 / 2 Population sans doubles comptes: penghitungan tunggal penduduk di komune lain (e.g. mahasiswa dan personil militer). Rubelles merupakan sebuah komune di departemen Seine-et-Marne di region Île-de-France di utara-tengah Prancis. Demografi Pada...

Louis-François de Bausset

Pour les articles homonymes, voir Bausset. Louis-François de Bausset-Roquefort Biographie Naissance 14 décembre 1748Pondichéry (Inde) Ordination sacerdotale 1773 Décès 21 juin 1824 (à 75 ans)Ancien 10e arrondissement de Paris Cardinal de l'Église catholique Créécardinal 28 juillet 1817 par le pape Pie VII Évêque de l'Église catholique Ordination épiscopale 18 juillet 1784 par Jean de Dieu-Raymond de Boisgelin de Cucé Évêque d'Alès 25 juin 1784 – 1791 Pierre-Marie-Magd...

 

Leo Castledine

English footballer Leo Castledine Castledine with Chelsea in 2022Personal informationFull name Leo Alexander Francis Castledine[1]Date of birth (2005-08-20) 20 August 2005 (age 18)Place of birth Kingston upon Thames, England[2]Height 1.79 m (5 ft 10 in)[2]Position(s) MidfielderTeam informationCurrent team ChelseaNumber 54Youth career2011–2013 Chelsea2013–2020 AFC Wimbledon2020–2024 ChelseaSenior career*Years Team Apps (Gls)2024– Chelsea 0 (0...

 

Burton ale

Dark and sweet type of strong ale Burton ale is a type of strong ale which is dark and sweet.[1][2] It is named after the brewing town of Burton-on-Trent.[3][4][5] Burton ales were generally aged and needed cellaring for months before serving, and almost certainly had some degree of secondary fermentation going on during that time.[6] In London, the terms Burton ale and old ale were interchangeable, but compared to other old ales and barley wine...

West Slavic languages

Subdivision of the Slavic language group West SlavicWest SlavonicGeographicdistributionCentral EuropeLinguistic classificationIndo-EuropeanBalto-SlavicSlavicWest SlavicEarly formsProto-Indo-European Proto-Balto-Slavic Proto-Slavic Old West Slavic Subdivisions Czech–Slovak Lechitic Sorbian ISO 639-5zlwGlottologwest2792Distribution of the West Slavic languages and dialects. Balto-Slavic languages. The West Slavic languages are a subdivision of the Slavic language group.[1] They includ...

 

List of Niuean monarchs

This article relies largely or entirely on a single source. Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page. Please help improve this article by introducing citations to additional sources.Find sources: List of Niuean monarchs – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (June 2013) This is a list of monarchs who have reigned over the Pacific island of Niue. The island today is a self-governing territory in free association with New Zealand, and re...

 

Islam in Barbados

Religion in Barbados This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (April 2009) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Islam by countryWorld percentage of Muslims by country Africa Algeria Angola Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Burundi Cameroon Cape Verde Central African Republic Chad Comoros Democratic Republic of the Congo Republic of the Congo Djibouti E...

Heinrich Bullinger

Swiss Protestant theologian (1504–1575) Bullinger redirects here. For the surname, see Bullinger (surname). Heinrich BullingerPortrait by Hans Asper, c. 1550Born18 July 1504Bremgarten (Aargau), Canton of Aargau, Old Swiss ConfederacyDied17 September 1575(1575-09-17) (aged 71)Zürich, Canton of Zürich, Old Swiss ConfederacyNationalitySwissOccupation(s)Theologian, antistesSpouseAnna AdlischwylerParent(s)Heinrich Bullinger and Anna WiederkehrTheological workEraRenaissanceTradition or mov...

 

Harbaville Triptych

Byzantine ivory triptych Middle leaf, top panel: Deesis, Christ, Mary and John the Baptist Recto, full view. 28 x 24 cm. The Harbaville Triptych (Greek: Τρίπτυχο Αρμπαβίλ) is a Byzantine ivory triptych of the middle of the 10th century with a Deesis and other saints, now in the Louvre. Traces of colouring can still be seen on some figures. It is regarded as the finest, and best-preserved, of the Romanos group of ivories from a workshop in Constantinople, probably closely conne...

 

Australien

Den här artikeln handlar om nationen Australien. För kontinenten Australien, se Australien (kontinent). Commonwealth of Australia Flagga Statsvapen Valspråk: Inget Nationalsång: Advance Australia Fair läge HuvudstadCanberra Största stad Sydney Officiellt språk IngetNationellt Engelska (de facto) Demonym australier[1], australiensare Statsskick Konstitutionell monarki(samväldesrike)  -  Kung Charles III  -  Generalguvernör David Hurley...

Halifax riot

1945 rioting and looting by civilians and servicemen in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (December 2021) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Part of a series on theMilitary history of Nova ScotiaCitadel Hill in Halifax Notable eventsBattle of Port Royal1690Siege of Port Royal1710Battle of Winnepang1722Northea...

 

Diocèse de Sarh

Cet article est une ébauche concernant le catholicisme et le Tchad ou le bassin tchadien. Vous pouvez partager vos connaissances en l’améliorant (comment ?) selon les recommandations des projets correspondants. Le diocèse de Sarh (en latin : Dioecesis Sarhensis), au Tchad, épouse les limites des régions du Moyen-Chari et du Mandoul. Carte du diocèse de Sarh Historique Le diocèse de Fort-Archambault a été érigé le 22 décembre 1961 (territoire pris sur le diocèse de Fo...