Hope Clarke

Hope Clarke
Born (1941-03-23) March 23, 1941 (age 83)
Washington, D.C., U.S.
Occupations
Years active1960–present
AwardsDramalogue Award, Joseph Calloway Award, NAACP Image, Outer Critics Award

Hope Clarke (born March 23, 1941) is an American actress, dancer, vocalist, choreographer, and director. Clarke, a Tony Award nominee, made history in 1995 when she became the first African-American, as well as the first African-American woman, to direct and choreograph a major staging of the classic opera, Porgy and Bess. Clarke began her career as a principal dancer with the Katherine Dunham Company and the Alvin Ailey American Dance Theater, and as an actress appeared in many stage, film, and television productions. As a choreographer, Clarke is credited with staging and movement for more than 30 shows on and off Broadway.

Early life and education

A native of Washington, D.C., Clarke took dance classes with her sister at the Alma Davis Dance School, and as a senior in high school, she was a lead dancer with Doris Jones' company in DC.[1][2] Clarke worked as a summer employee for the Central Intelligence [Agency].[2] She grew up in a middle class Black community, a place where people shopped through mail-order catalogues in order to purchase clothes offered in stores where they were not welcomed. “The black community, as I remember it, was very closely knit," Clarke said in the San Francisco Examiner: "Before the fabric of this society was torn by racism and lack of education, we all took care of each other. We all watched each other's children."[3]

Career

West Side Story to Don’t Bother Me, I Can’t Cope

In 1959, Clarke landed a role in the original touring cast of West Side Story.[2] At the urging of her sister, she auditioned for the role, got it, and joined the touring company while it was in Chicago,[1][4][5] and remained in the cast until April 23, 1960.[6] In 1961, Clarke appeared in the interracial love story Kwamina starring Brock Peters and Robert Guillaume, and featuring the choreography of Agnes de Mille.[1][5] In 1967, she played a minor role and was part of the ensemble in Hallelujah, Baby!, which received five Tony Awards, including Best Musical.[1][4][5]

In 1966, Clarke appeared in the Metropolitan Opera's first production, Antony and Cleopatra.[7] In 1968, she played Mamselle Tulip in the House of Flowers at the Lucille Lortel Theatre.[8] In 1969, Clarke had a role in Douglas Turner Ward’s “The Reckoning” at the St. Mark’s Playhouse,[1][4] an off-off Broadway theater that showcased the work of the Negro Ensemble Company.[4][8]

In 1970, Clarke was a dancer in “Purlie,” a musical that nominated for five Tony Awards.[1][4] In 1972, she was in the musical “Don’t Bother Me, I Can’t Cope,” which was the first Broadway musical to be directed by an African American woman, Vinnette Carroll.[1][2][5][9]

Alvin Ailey, Katherine Dunham, and 5 Plus

Clarke served as a principal dancer in the Katherine Dunham Company and the Alvin Ailey American Dance Theater.[1][4][10][11][2] In the Ailey company, she toured internationally and received positive reviews and audience ovations.[2][12] In addition to dancing with Dunham and Ailey, Clarke performed with the companies of Tally Beatty,[2][4] George Faison,[4] and Louis Johnson.[1][4]

Clarke, along with Michael Blake, Carmen de Lavallade, Sheila Rohan, and others, co-founded the former 5 Plus Ensemble (New Beginnings Theater), a dance company created to showcase the work of dancers, choreographer, and musicians who are older than the age of 50.[2][13][14]

Film and Television

After appearing on Broadway and around the world as a dancer, Clarke moved to Hollywood, California with the help of actor and friend Raymond St. Jacques.[2] Her most memorable film roles were co-starring with Sidney Poitier in A Piece of the Action (1977);[2] working with St. Jacques and Philip Michael Thomas on the A Book of Numbers' set in Dallas;[2][15][4] and portraying Jean-Michel Basquiat's mother, Matilde, in Basquiat (1996).[2][8] Clarke has had a variety of guest roles on tv shows, such as Hill Street Blues,[2] Amen, Another World, As the World Turns, Beat Street, Hart to Hart, Into the Night, The Jeffersons, The Ropers, Sex and the City, Three's Company.[1] She appeared in the TV miniseries King (1978), which was based upon the life of Martin Luther King Jr., the slain civil rights leader.

Grind, A Tony Nomination, and Fly

In 1985, Clarke played “Ruby” in the musical Grind[4][5][16] and worked with Lester Wilson.[2] In 1992, Clarke earned a Tony Award nomination for “Best Choreography” for her work in the 1992 Broadway hit Jelly's Last Jam.[1][5][17] The show grew from New York workshops and a Los Angeles production at the Mark Taper Forum to a Broadway show.[18]

In 1995, Clarke choreographed “The Tempest.”[4][5] In November 2003, she started work on Caroline, or Change, a musical that features spirituals, blues, Motown, classical music and Jewish Klezmer.[19] Clarke was responsible for the choreography of the show that began as an Off-Broadway production, received a Broadway production of 126 performances in 2004, received six Tony Award nominations, and had a two-month run at the Lyttleton Theatre, National Theatre in London, winning the Olivier Award for Best New Musical.[19][8][16]

In 2010, Clarke choreographed A Free Man of Color,[5] and in 2017, she choreographed, Fly, a play about the Tuskegee Airmen. The show was produced by the Lincoln Center Institute and toured to several venues, including Alabama Shakespeare Festival, Pasadena Playhouse, Florida Studio Theatre, St. Louis Rep, Cincinnati Playhouse, Ford's Theatre, Vineyard Playhouse, and Crossroads Theatre.[2][20][21][22]

Collaborations with George C. Wolfe

After George C. Wolfe hired Clarke to create movement and staging for The Colored Museum,[1][23] the pair have collaborated on 10 plays,[2] including the opera Amistad,[24] the Off-Broadway play, Spunk,[23] and Broadway shows Caroline, Or Change, A Free Man of Color, and Jelly's Last Jam, which earned Clarke a Tony Award nomination.[25][26]

Porgy & Bess: The Opera

In 1995, Clarke directed the Houston Grand Opera production of Porgy & Bess, the first African American to stage a major professional U.S. staging of “Porgy and Bess.[23][10][11] Regarded as America’s greatest opera, the two million dollar Houston Grand production toured throughout the United States, as well as performances in Italy and Japan.[27][10]

In 2012, Clarke directed a Morgan State University production of Porgy & Bess at the Murphy Fine Arts Center.[28][29]

Quotable

  • “I want African Americans who come to see the opera to be proud that an African American is directing the production and to recognize the people on stage.” [10]
  • "Blacks and women have been locked out of directing major productions for too long. It's time for us not only to tell our stories but to direct them."[30]
  • "As a director, I guess I bring in the female sensibilities. Since I'm also an actress, I've really tried to develop the characterizations so that the performers don't do a little singing here, and some acting there. And coming from a black perspective, I know how we think, how we feel, what we do. I understand the little things. That makes a difference."[31]
  • “In my production, everybody works. Everybody has some type of job. Just because you are poor doesn't mean you have to be slovenly or ignorant."[32]

Honors and Awards

  • 2020 -- Society of Stage Directors and Choreographers, elected to a three-year term to the Board of Directors.[33]
  • 2018–3rd Annual Project1VOICE HONORS, “to celebrate and honor artists whose talents continue to shape and enrich American culture.”[34]
  • 2015 - 2018 Broadway seasons, Tony Awards Nominating Committee.[35][36]
  • 2009 - 2012 Broadway Seasons, Tony Awards Nominating Committee.[37][38][39]
  • 2004—Lucille Lortel Award, Outstanding Choreographer, Caroline, Or Change
  • 2001—AUDELCO Recognition Awards for Excellence in Black Theatre (nomination), Choreographer, A Prophet Among Them[40]
  • 1998—Society of Stage Directors and Choreographers, elected to Board of Directors.[41]
  • 1993—Tony Award (nomination), Best Choreography (with Gregory Hines and Ted Levy), Jelly's Last Jam
  • 1993—Outer Critics Award, Best Choreography (with Gregory Hines and Ted Levy), Jelly’s Last Jam (with Gregory Hines and Ted Levy)[42]
  • 1992—Drama Desk Award (nomination), Outstanding Choreography (with Gregory Hines and Ted Levy), Jelly's Last Jam
  • 1991—NAACP Image Award, Best Choreography, Jelly's Last Jam[20]
  • 1988—Drama Logue Award, Outstanding Choreography, The Colored Museum[20]

Credits

Stage

Year Title Type Venue Role
2023 A Christmas Carol, A Ghost Story of Christmas Musical, holiday Hartford Stage Choreographer[43]
2019 The In-Gathering Musical New Professional Theatre at the Duke Theater Choreographer[44]
2018 A Christmas Carol, A Ghost Story of Christmas Musical, holiday Hartford Stage Choreographer[45]
2017 FLY Play, drama Alabama Shakespeare Festival, Pasadena Playhouse, Florida Studio Theatre, St. Louis Rep, Cincinnati Playhouse, Ford's Theatre, Vineyard Playhouse, Crossroads Theatre Choreographer[20][21]
2016 A Christmas Carol, A Ghost Story of Christmas Musical, holiday Hartford Stage Choreographer[46]
2016 The Roads to Home Play, drama Primary Stages, Cherry Lane Theater Movement consultant[47][20]
2015 Grey Gardens Musical Center Theatre Group, Bay Street Theatre Choreographer[20][48]
2014 A Christmas Carol, A Ghost Story of Christmas Musical, holiday Hartford Stage Choreographer[49]
2013 A Christmas Carol, A Ghost Story of Christmas Musical, holiday Hartford Stage Choreographer[50]
2011 Mr. Abbott Award Gala Benefit In honor of George C. Wolfe, New York Choreographer[51]
2010 – 2011 A Free Man of Color Broadway play, original, drama Vivian Beaumont Theater Choreographer
2010 Agnes deMille: From Ballet to Broadway Revue St. Luke's Theatre Performer[52][53]
2010 Jesus Christ Superstar Gospel Musical Alliance Theatre Choreographer[22]
2008 Resurrection Play Philadelphia Theatre Company, Hartford Stage Choreographer[20][54]
2006 - 2007 Caroline, or Change Musical, tour The Lyttelton, at the National Theatre, London Choreographer[19]
2006 The Dreams of Sarah Breedlove Play, drama Goodman Theater Choreographer[4][55]
2005 The Learned Ladies of Park Avenue Play Hartford Stage Choreographer[20][56]
2004 Caroline, or Change Broadway musical, original, drama Eugene O'Neill Theatre Choreographer
2004 Stormy Weather Musical New York Choreographer[57]
2003 Caroline, or Change Off-Broadway musical, original, drama Joseph Papp Public Theater/ Newman Theater Choreographer[47]
2002 The Odyssey Play Theater at St. Clement's Musical staging[4][22][58]
2000 A Christmas Carol, A Ghost Story of Christmas Musical, holiday Hartford Stage Choreographer[59]
2000 A Prophet Among Them Play with music Blue Heron Arts Center Choreographer[60][40]
1999 Mack and Mabel Musical Barrington Stage Choreographer[61][62]
1999 South Pacific Musical Pioneer Theatre Choreographer[20][63]
1998 Porgy and Bess Ballet Dallas Black Dance Theatre Choreographer[64]
1998 Cabaret Musical Cambridge Theatre Company Choreographer[65]
1997 Armistad Opera Lyric Opera Choreographer[4][66]
1997 Nobody Says Baby Like A Black Man Off-Broadway play American Place Theater Director
1996 A ... My Name is Alice Musical, revue McGinn-Cazale Theater Choreographer[47][22][67]
1996 One Touch of Venus Musical New York City Center/ Mainstage Choreographer[8][47]
1995 Angel Levine Off-Broadway musical Playhouse 91 Choreographer[47]
1995 The Tempest Off-Broadway Play, comedy, revival Delacorte Theater Choreographer[47]
1995 The Tempest Broadway play, comedy, revival Broadhurst Theatre Choreographer[68]
1993 Sweet & Hot: The Songs of Harold Arlen Musical La Jolla Playhouse (West Coast Premiere) Choreographer[69]
1992 – 1993 Jelly's Last Jam Broadway musical, original Virginia Theatre Choreographer (nominated for a Tony)
1991 Black Eagles Play New York City Center/ Stage II Choreographer[47]
1991 Così fan tutte Opera New York Choreographer[11][70]
1990 Spunk: Three Tales by Zora Neale Hurston Off-Broadway play Joseph Papp Public Theater/ Martinson Hall Choreographer[1][4][47]
1990 The Caucasian Chalk Circle Play Joseph Papp Public Theater/ Martinson Hall Choreographer[47][1]
1988 Porgy & Bess Opera Finnish National Opera and Brazil (Opera Ebony productions) Choreographer[4][71]
1986 The Colored Museum Play Joseph Papp Public Theater/ Susan Stein Shiva Theater Choreographer[47]
1985 Grind Broadway musical, original Mark Hellinger Theatre Ruby / performer
1972 – 1974 Don't Bother Me, I Can't Cope Broadway musical, original, revue, all-Black cast Playhouse Theatre, Edison Theatre Performer
1972 Black Visions Off-Broadway play Joseph Papp Public Theater/ Annex Choreographer[47]
1967 – 1968 Hallelujah, Baby! Broadway musical, original Martin Beck Theatre Performer
1966 Antony and Cleopatra Opera Metropolitan Opera Dancer[7]
1960 West Side Story Broadway musical Winter Garden Theatre, Alvin Theatre, and Tour Cities Performer

TV and Film

Year Title Type Role
1969 Change of Mind Film Nancy
2023 LEAP FOR JOY! In Celebration of National Dance Day Short film, musical Self
2023 Rustin Film Lucille Randolph
2019 Finding Julia Film Choreographer[8]
2004 Men Without Jobs Film Ms. Jackson
1996–2002 Law & Order TV Series Multiple episodes: Mrs. Marbury, Appellate Judge #2, Judge Emma Reynolds
2002 Driving Fish Short film Betty
2000 Seventeen Again TV Movie Grandma Catherine “Cat” Donovan
2002 Sex and the City TV Series Lee
1996 New York Undercover TV Series Marilyn Ferris
1996 Basquiat Film Matilde
1988 A Father's Homecoming TV Movie Doctor
1987 Amen TV Series Carol Wilson
1987 Angel Heart Film Voodoo Dancer
1985 Into the Night Film Airport Cop
1984 Beat Street Film Assistant Choreographer[72]
1983 The New Odd Couple TV Series Beth St. Clair
1982 Hill Street Blues TV Series Mrs. Reese
1982 Lois Gibbs and the Love Canal TV Movie Chris
1981 Maggie TV Series Receptionist
1981 Body and Soul Film Choreographer[8]
1980 Scout's Honor TV Movie Mrs. Prewett
1978 The White Shadow TV Series Aunt Edna Hayward
1979 Three's Company TV Series Second Nurse
1979 Hart to Hart TV Series Teacher
1979 Miss Winslow and Son TV Series Cast member
1979 The Ropers TV Series Dr. Young
1979 Jennifer: A Woman's Story TV Movie Annie (secretary)
1976; 1977–1978 What's Happening!! TV Series Multiple episodes: Mrs. Watson, Elizabeth Duncan
1974 Good Times TV Series Brenda Gordon
1978 King TV Mini Series Multiple episodes: Mary
1975 The Jeffersons TV Series Sherry Barnes
1977 A Piece of the Action Film Sarah Thomas
1973 Book of Numbers Film Pigmeat Goins[73]
1971 Going Home Film Mother at prison
1969 Change of Mind Film Nancy
1968 N.Y.P.D. Ivy

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Nesmith, Nathaniel G. (2021-01-29). "Hope Clarke: A Career of Being Ready for the Next Chance". AMERICAN THEATRE. Retrieved 2024-12-20.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Waters, Sylvia and Hope Clarke interview. Jerome Robbins Dance Division Oral History Project. The New York Public Library for the Performing Arts. April 20, 24, and 25, 2017. 3 streaming files (approximately approximately 4 hours and 55 minutes) : digital + transcript (232 pages). https://legacycatalog.nypl.org/record=b21682817~S1
  3. ^ San Francisco Examiner, April 30, 1995, p. M10.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q "Hope Clarke". Goodman Theatre. Retrieved 2024-12-20.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h "Hope Clarke (Choreographer)". Playbill. Archived from the original on 2024-12-03. Retrieved 2024-12-20.
  6. ^ "Hope Clarke – Broadway Cast & Staff | IBDB". www.ibdb.com. Retrieved 2024-12-20.
  7. ^ a b Opening Night, World Premiere, New Production, ... Antony and Cleopatra, Metropolitan Opera House, September 16, 1966. Metropolitan Opera.
  8. ^ a b c d e f g "Hope Clarke: Credits, Bio, News & More | Broadway World". www.broadwayworld.com. Retrieved 2024-12-20.
  9. ^ Don't bother me, I can't cope, 1972. Gospel Music History Archive. Victory Baptist Church (Los Angeles) Archival Collection. University of Southern California. Libraries. 1972. https://digitallibrary.usc.edu/asset-management/2A3BF1O3VHSN3?FR_=1&W=1679&H=992
  10. ^ a b c d Herman, Kenneth (1995-03-05). "Performing Arts : 'Porgy' Gets a Cultural Makeover : Director Hope Clarke has added a historic African American flavor to Gershwin's classic characters on Catfish Row". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2024-12-20.
  11. ^ a b c Segal, Lewis (1995-06-01). "It's Summertime, and the Staging Ain't Easy . . . : Opera: Hope Clarke is unhappy that her work on 'Porgy and Bess' is being modified before its area visit. But the Houston Opera's general director counters that 'it's not a new staging.'". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2024-12-20.
  12. ^ Matchan, Linda. What made Mr. Ailey Mr. Ailey? New documentary offers a fuller picture of the modern dance pioneer. Washington Post. July 25, 2021. https://www.washingtonpost.com/entertainment/theater_dance/new-alvin-ailey-documentary/2021/07/21/a1bdf592-e67b-11eb-b722-89ea0dde7771_story.html
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  15. ^ "He's Making a Big Numbers ' Racket". Retrieved 2024-12-20.
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  17. ^ Richard Christiansen, "`Jelly's Last Jam' Jumps", Chicago Tribune, April 19, 1995.
  18. ^ "The Making of Jelly's Last Jam". www.tdf.org. Retrieved 2024-12-20.
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  21. ^ a b Alabama Shakespeare Festival Soars with FLY, Celebrating the legacy of the Tuskegee Airmen, Jan. 26-Feb 11. 2017. Alabama Shakespeare Festival. December 20, 2017. https://asf.net/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/FLY-PR.pdf
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  24. ^ Page, Tim. Amistad Misses the Boat: Slave Tale Reduced to a Well-Scored Sermon. Washington Post. November 30, 1997. https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1997/12/01/amistad-misses-the-boat/68e26cd1-fbdb-488d-bbc2-20b71d06915a/
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  26. ^ "Lack of Diversity in Theatre's Directors and Choreographers". LIVE & IN COLOR. 2019-06-18. Retrieved 2024-12-20.
  27. ^ "Hope Clarke – FIVE PLUS ENSEMBLE". Retrieved 2024-12-20.
  28. ^ "Morgan State to stage 'Porgy and Bess'". Baltimore Sun. 2012-03-23. Retrieved 2024-12-20.
  29. ^ "Murphy Fine Arts Center Presents – Porgy and Bess". Morgan State University Newsroom. Retrieved 2024-12-20.
  30. ^ Essence, August 1995, p. 56.
  31. ^ San Diego Union-Tribune, March 5, 1995, p. D1.
  32. ^ Opera News, January 21, 1995, pp. 12–16.
  33. ^ "SDC re-elects Michael John Garcés, Melia Bensussen in 2020 election". Broadway News. 2020-11-17. Retrieved 2024-12-20.
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  39. ^ "Tony Nominating Committee for New Broadway Season Announced". www.backstage.com. 2011-06-17. Retrieved 2024-12-20.
  40. ^ a b "NYC's Harlem-Based Audelco Awards Turn Blue". Playbill. Archived from the original on 2024-09-13. Retrieved 2024-12-20.
  41. ^ "Stage Directors Elect Ted Pappas New President, Plus Board Officers". Playbill. Archived from the original on 2024-09-13. Retrieved 2024-12-20.
  42. ^ Brame, Karen D. (2021-09-15). "George C. Wolfe". BlacklistedCulture.com. Retrieved 2024-12-20.
  43. ^ "Home for the Holidays". New Haven Review. 2023-12-10. Retrieved 2024-12-20.
  44. ^ "MUSICAL LETS FREEDOM RING". New York Daily News. 2000-09-25. Retrieved 2024-12-20.
  45. ^ Brown, Donald. Comfort and Joy. New Haven Review. Dec 12, 2018. https://newhavenreview.squarespace.com/?offset=1544879338070&category=Reviews
  46. ^ "Review: A Christmas Carol A Ghost Story of Christmas at Hartford Stage". OnStage Blog. 2016-12-05. Retrieved 2024-12-20.
  47. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "Hope Clarke". www.iobdb.com. Retrieved 2024-12-20.
  48. ^ Grey Gardens The Musical. Bay Street Theatre. https://www.baystreet.org/calendar/grey-gardens/
  49. ^ Brown, Donald. Look Out, Cleveland. New Haven Review. December 16, 2014. https://www.newhavenreview.com/blog?year=2014
  50. ^ Sawyer, Jessie. Hartford Stage's 'A Christmas Carol': A Comical Holiday Ghost Story. Patch. Dec 20, 2013. https://patch.com/connecticut/avon/hartford-stages-a-christmas-carol-features-avons-murphy-as-tiny-tims-brother
  51. ^ Hetrick, Adam, and Andrew Gans. George C. Wolfe Honored with 2011 Mr. Abbott Award. Playbill. Oct. 3, 2011. https://playbill.com/article/george-c-wolfe-honored-with-2011-mr-abbott-award-oct-3-com-183134
  52. ^ Deni, Laura. Broadway To Vegas. October 10, 2010. https://www.broadwaytovegas.com/October10,2010.html
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  54. ^ Gold, Sylviane. Delving Into the Black Experience, Generation by Generation. New York Times.October 31, 2008. https://www.nytimes.com/2008/11/02/nyregion/connecticut/02theaterct.html
  55. ^ Oxman, Steven. The Dreams of Sarah Breedlove. Variety. June 27, 2006. https://variety.com/2006/legit/reviews/the-dreams-of-sarah-breedlove-1200515143/
  56. ^ Blankenship, Mark. The Learned Ladies of Park Avenue. Variety. October 3, 2005. https://variety.com/2005/legit/reviews/the-learned-ladies-of-park-avenue-1200521367/
  57. ^ Creative Team. Stormy Weather. Broadway World. https://www.broadwayworld.com/shows/creative.php?showid=7322
  58. ^ Willow Cabin Theater Company presents The Odyssey. 2002. https://www.abouttheartists.com/productions/183935-the-odyssey-at-the-theater-at-st-clements-2002
  59. ^ Hartford Stage Begins "A Ghost of Christmas." Hartford Courant. Nov. 16, 2000. https://www.courant.com/2000/11/16/hartford-stage-begins-a-ghost-of-christmas/
  60. ^ Ehren, Christine. Reggie Montgomery Is A Prophet Among Them at OB's Blue Heron June 21-July 15. Playbill. June 21, 2001. https://playbill.com/article/reggie-montgomery-is-a-prophet-among-them-at-obs-blue-heron-june-21-july-15-com-97358
  61. ^ Burns, Gail M. Mack and Mabel. Review. June, 1999. https://myvanwy.tripod.com/companies/barrington/mackmabel.html
  62. ^ Simonson, Robert. Jeff McCarthy and Kelli Rabke Are Barrington's Mack and Mabel, June 22. Playbill. June 22, 1999. https://playbill.com/article/jeff-mccarthy-and-kelli-rabke-are-barringtons-mack-and-mabel-june-22-com-82697
  63. ^ Lincoln, Ivan M. 'South Pacific' a lush, beautifully staged production. Deseret News. April 29, 1999. https://www.deseret.com/1999/4/29/19442711/south-pacific-a-lush-beautifully-staged-production/
  64. ^ 7 Things to Learn About. Chicago Tribune. August 22, 2021. https://www.chicagotribune.com/2008/11/16/7-things-to-learn-about/
  65. ^ Andres Teuber. Cambridge Theatre Company Productions 1997 -98. https://people.brandeis.edu/~teuber/ctc92_98.html
  66. ^ Launched March 6, 2020: The Lyric Opera of Chicago’s World Premiere of Amistad. Chicago History Museum. https://www.chicagohistory.org/exhibition/lyric-opera-chicago-amistad/
  67. ^ A... My Name Will Always Be Alice > Barrington Stage Company. Cast Albums. 1996. https://castalbums.org/recordings/A-My-Name-Will-Always-Be-Alice-1996-Barrington-Stage-Company/3926
  68. ^ The Tempest. Broadway. Play. Revival. Playbill. 1995. https://playbill.com/production/the-tempest-broadhurst-theatre-vault-0000002004#carousel-cell134948
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  70. ^ Holland, Bernard. Review/Opera; A Modest 'Cosi' in Which the Comedy Prevails. New York Times. Sept. 10, 1991. https://www.nytimes.com/1991/09/10/arts/review-opera-a-modest-cosi-in-which-the-comedy-prevails.html
  71. ^ The Negros Burial Ground: A Cantata for the Departed. Program. Opera Ebony bio. The Kitchen. May 1996. http://archive.thekitchen.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/Program_The-Negros-Burial-Ground_Jenkins_1996.pdf
  72. ^ Hope Clarke. AFI Catalog. https://catalog.afi.com/Person/71006-Hope-Clarke?sid=67c0a1d9-a371-4491-b842-d7b3d5aa1dcf&sr=10.804653&cp=1&pos=0&isMiscCredit=false
  73. ^ Greenspun, Roger. Film: 'Book of Numbers':St. Jacques Focuses on Southern Town The Cast. New York Times. April 12, 1973. https://www.nytimes.com/1973/04/12/archives/film-book-of-numbersst-jacques-focuses-on-southern-town-the-cast.html

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nagamaki Nagamaki (長巻code: ja is deprecated ) adalah jenis pedang tradisional Jepang.[1][2] dengan pegangan yang panjang, yang digunakan oleh kelas samurai dari feodal Jepang. Sejarah Ada kemungkinan bahwa nagamaki pertama kali dibuat selama Zaman Heian (794-1185) tetapi tidak ada bukti yang diketahui berasal dari sebelum pertengahan Zaman Kamakura (1192-1333).[3] Selama pertengahan Zaman Muromachi (1336-1573 M) nagamaki mencapai puncaknya. Nagamaki dianggap sebaga...

Первородный грех

Об экономическом термине см. Первородный грех (экономика). ХристианствоБиблия Ветхий Завет Новый Завет Евангелие Десять заповедей Нагорная проповедь Апокрифы Бог, Троица Бог Отец Иисус Христос Святой Дух История христианства Апостолы Хронология христианства Ран�...

 

قائمة الأطباق المغربية

هذه القائمة غير مكتملة. فضلاً ساهم في تطويرها بإضافة مزيد من المعلومات ولا تنسَ الاستشهاد بمصادر موثوق بها. هذه المقالة جزء من سلسلةالمطبخ المغربي مأكولات كسكس طاجين أطباق حلويات مشروبات أتاي عصير برتقال جعة مطابخ ذات صلة عربي جزائري أندلسي أمازيغي سفاردي  بوابة المغ...

 

Синелобый амазон

Синелобый амазон Научная классификация Домен:ЭукариотыЦарство:ЖивотныеПодцарство:ЭуметазоиБез ранга:Двусторонне-симметричныеБез ранга:ВторичноротыеТип:ХордовыеПодтип:ПозвоночныеИнфратип:ЧелюстноротыеНадкласс:ЧетвероногиеКлада:АмниотыКлада:ЗавропсидыКласс:Пт�...

Lovebites (grup musik)

LovebitesLovebites tampil di festival Wacken Open Air 2018 di JermanInformasi latar belakangAsalTokyo, JepangGenrePower metal, Speed metalTahun aktif2016–SekarangLabelVictor EntertainmentJPU RecordsRed RiverSlipstickArising EmpireArtis terkaitDestroseSitus weblovebites.jpAnggota Haruna Asami Midori Miyako Fami Mantan anggota Miho Lovebites (gaya penulisan dengan huruf kapital: LOVEBITES) adalah grup musik metal dari Jepang yang dibentuk tahun 2016 di Tokyo. Band metal yang semua anggotanya ...

 

Rolls-Royce Wraith (2013)

British luxury car model Motor vehicle Rolls-Royce WraithOverviewManufacturerRolls-Royce Motor CarsProduction2013–2023[1][2][3]Model years2014–2023AssemblyUnited Kingdom: Goodwood, England (Goodwood manufacturing)DesignerExterior: Pavle Trpinac, Co-Designer: Andreas Thurner; Interior: Charles Coldham, Matthias Junghanns, Alan Sheppard [4]Body and chassisClassFull-size ultra-luxury car (F)Grand Tourer (S)Body style2-door hardtop coupéLayoutFR layo...

 

Banana Wars

Series of conflicts in Central America This article is about US military interventions beginning in 1898. For the 1990s trade conflict, see Banana Framework Agreement. Banana WarsUnited States Marines with the captured flag of Augusto César Sandino in Nicaragua in 1932ObjectiveTo enforce American and private interests in Central America and the CaribbeanDateApril 21, 1898[a] – August 1, 1934(36 years, 3 months, 1 week and 4 days)Executed byUnited StatesOutc...

Jainism in Maharashtra

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Jainism in Maharashtra – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (June 2016) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Marathi JainMarathi JainIndra Sabha, Ellora CavesRegions with significant populations India MaharashtraLanguagesMarathiReligionJai...

 

Jackson County, Missouri

County in Missouri, United States Not to be confused with Jackson, Missouri. County in MissouriJackson CountyCountyTruman Courthouse in Independence, designed by Edward F. Neild at the request of Harry S. Truman FlagLocation within the U.S. state of MissouriMissouri's location within the U.S.Coordinates: 39°01′N 94°20′W / 39.01°N 94.34°W / 39.01; -94.34Country United StatesState MissouriFoundedDecember 15, 1826Named forAndrew JacksonSeatIndependence a...

 

أتراك

هذه المقالة عن المجموعة العرقية الأتراك وليس عن من يحملون جنسية الجمهورية التركية أتراكTürkler (بالتركية) التعداد الكليالتعداد 70~83 مليون نسمةمناطق الوجود المميزةالبلد  القائمة ... تركياألمانياسورياالعراقبلغارياالولايات المتحدةفرنساالمملكة المتحدةهولنداالنمساأسترالي�...

Apollonius dari Perga

Apollonius dari Perga Nama dalam bahasa asli(grc) Ἀπολλώνιος ὁ Περγαῖος BiografiKelahiran(grc) Ἀπολλώνιος k. 262 SM Perga Kematiank. 190 SM (71/72 tahun)Aleksandria KegiatanSpesialisasiGeometri Pekerjaanmatematikawan, astronom Periode aktif(Floruit: 200 SM )Tertarik denganIrisan kerucut Karya kreatifKarya terkenal Problem of Apollonius circles of Apollonius teorema Apollonius(3 abad SM) Conics Apollonius dari Perga (bahasa Yunani: Ἀπολ�...

 

Slum clearance in the United Kingdom

Urban renewal strategy Boundary Street in London, part of the Old Nichol slum Slum clearance in the United Kingdom has been used as an urban renewal strategy to transform low-income settlements with poor reputation into another type of development or housing. Early mass clearances took place in the country's northern cities. Starting from 1930, councils were expected to prepare plans to clear slum dwellings, although progress stalled upon the onset of World War II. Clearance of slum areas res...

 

Carrier air wing

Group of aircraft units operating from an aircraft carrier This article is about the naval unit. For the video game, see Carrier Air Wing (video game). This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (March 2022) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Naval units and formations Division Squadron Flotilla Carrier battle group Task force Naval fleet Diverse...

Willow (1988 film)

American dark fantasy drama film by Ron Howard This article is about the 1988 film. For the 2019 film, see Willow (2019 film). For the 2022 TV series, see Willow (TV series). WillowTheatrical release poster by John AlvinDirected byRon HowardScreenplay byBob DolmanStory byGeorge LucasProduced byNigel WoollStarring Val Kilmer Joanne Whalley Warwick Davis Billy Barty Jean Marsh CinematographyAdrian BiddleEdited by Daniel P. Hanley Mike Hill Richard Hiscott Music byJames HornerProductioncompanies...

 

Gippsland

This article is about the rural region. For other uses, see Gippsland (disambiguation). Region in Victoria, AustraliaGippsland RegionVictoriaJohn Longstaff's Gippsland, Sunday night, 20 February 1898, depicting the Red Tuesday bushfires that ravaged GippslandGippsland RegionThe location of Bairnsdale, a town in GippslandCoordinates37°51′S 147°35′E / 37.850°S 147.583°E / -37.850; 147.583Population271,266 (2016 census)[Note 1] • Density6.52772...

 

Bill 66: Restoring Ontario's Competitiveness Act, 2018

Restoring Ontario's Competitiveness Act, 2018Parliament of Ontario Long title An Act to restore Ontario's competitiveness by amending or repealing certain Acts (Bill 66, 2018) CitationOntario LegislatureTerritorial extentOntarioEnacted byParliament of OntarioRoyal assentApril 3, 2019Legislative historyBill citationStatus of Bill 66Introduced byTodd Smith, Minister of Government and Consumer ServicesFirst readingLegislative Assembly of Ontario: December 6, 2018Second readingMarch 6, 2019T...

Lista över countyn i New York

Karta över countyn i delstaten New York. I delstaten New York i USA finns 62 countyn, varav 57 utanför staden New York.[1] County Huvudort (County Seat) Grundat Albany County Albany 1683 Allegany County Belmont 1806 Bronx County New York 1914 Broome County Binghamton 1806 Cattaraugus County Little Valley 1808 Cayuga County Auburn 1799 Chautauqua County Mayville 1808 Chemung County Elmira 1836 Chenango County Norwich 1798 Clinton County Plattsburgh 1788 Columbia County Hudson 1786 Cortland C...

 

Jain flag

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Jain flag – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (July 2022) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Flag for Jainism JainismUseJain symbolProportion2:3 Part of a series onJainism Jains History Timeline Index Philosophy Anekantavada Cosmology Ahimsa ...