Historic Core, Los Angeles

Historic Core
Neighborhood
Eastern Columbia Building
Eastern Columbia Building
Historic Core is located in Downtown Los Angeles
Historic Core
Historic Core
Location within Downtown Los Angeles
Coordinates: 34°03′13″N 118°14′43″W / 34.05349°N 118.245319°W / 34.05349; -118.245319
Country United States
State California
CountyLos Angeles County
City Los Angeles
Named1990s
Zip code
90013
Streets3rd Street, 4th Street, Broadway, Hill Street, Main Street, Olympic Boulevard, Spring Street

The Historic Core is a district within Downtown Los Angeles that includes the world's largest concentration of movie palaces,[citation needed] former large department stores, and office towers, all built chiefly between 1907 and 1931. Within it lie the Broadway Theater District and the Spring Street historic financial district, and in its west it overlaps with the Jewelry District and in its east with Skid Row.

The Historic Core falls into two business improvement districts, Historic Core (south of 4th St.) and Downtown LA (from 2nd to 4th Street). The total Historic Core is thus composed of:[1][2][3]

Please consult the articles about the individual streets and historic districts above for a full discussion of the architectural landmarks in the district.

History

The Historic Core was the central business district of the city from the first decade of the 1900s through the 1950s. Before 1900 the business center was further north, between the Plaza and about Third Street.[4][5] Starting in the 1950s what is now the Historic Core started to decline. Upscale shopping had moved west to the Seventh & Hope area starting in the 1920s, and to Mid-Wilshire by the 1930s. When consumers lived and worked near the prolific streetcar lines, it was relatively easy for them to reach downtown, the hub of both the Los Angeles Railway and Pacific Electric systems. Now, an ever increasing number of consumers had cars, lived further away from downtown, and due to the proliferation of suburban retail, were able to shop, dine, and go to the movies there without worries about downtown parking and traffic congestion. In addition, after World War II, financial institutions moved several blocks to the west, ending up on Figueroa Street, Flower Street, and Grand Avenue. In the 1950s the Historic Core became the center of Latino retail and entertainment in the city, e.g.: the Million Dollar Theatre featured the biggest names in the Spanish language entertainment world. This paralleled the general white flight occurring in Central Los Angeles at the time, which saw Broadway become a major center for Latino life in the city.

Although prostitution and drug dealing had occurred in the area as far back as the early 1920s, they became epidemic in the 1960s. The area's movie palaces, built between 1911 and 1931, became grindhouses. The last of them closed in the 1990s; the Orpheum Theatre recently underwent a complete restoration at a cost of several million dollars, and is now used for major movie premieres (such as "Collateral" in 2005), celebrity events (Michael Jackson's birthday party), comedy shows (Bill Burr), fashion shows, concerts (Opeth), and plays. Most of the older buildings have stores that cater to the Latino immigrant working class.

The developing street gang problem in Los Angeles which began to worsen at the end of the 1960s and got considerably worse in the late 1970s, also hurt traditional commercial activity in the area, as it did much of downtown. While the LAPD indicates that the area is a sort of neutral zone, which has not been claimed by any single gang and random gang violence is rare, the area remains one of the major areas for street drug sales in Los Angeles.

Redevelopment

See also: Broadway (Los Angeles) and Downtown Los Angeles

In 1999, the Los Angeles City Council passed an Adaptive Re-Use Ordinance, allowing for the conversion of old, unused office buildings to apartments or "lofts." Developer Tom Gilmore purchased a series of century-old buildings and converted them into lofts near Main and Spring streets, a development now known as the "Old Bank District." Other notable redevelopment projects in the Historic Core have included the Eastern Columbia Building, Broadway Trade Center, Higgins Building, The Security Building, the Pacific Electric Building, The Judson, and the Subway Terminal Building. As of 2005, redevelopment projects in downtown Los Angeles have been divided about evenly between rentals and condominiums; though projects near the Staples Center arena in the South Park neighborhood have been overwhelmingly dedicated to condominiums.

Map of landmarks

Landmarks are shown on the following street grid of the Historic Core of Downtown Los Angeles.

For the area north of Third Street, see Victorian Downtown Los Angeles
For the area to the west of Hill Street, see Financial District, Los Angeles
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 250  333 W. 3rd
Conservative
Life B. aka Western & Mutual Life B.
1901⁠-⁠?d HT&W⁠[9]⁠[10]⁠[11]
now 🅿️

 259 
1895– SH Irvine Byrne B.
1899–1911 I. Magnin/ Myer Siegel
2007– Pan American Lofts

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 257 
1899 RB Douglas B.
So. Pac. RR ticket office
now Douglas Lofts

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 256 
Stimson B. 1893⁠–⁠1963 CHB
now 🅿️

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THIRD ST. THIRD ST. THIRD ST. THIRD (orig. MAYO) ST.

 300 
F. P. Fay Bldg 1904⁠–⁠90d D&F[12]⁠[13]
now 🅿️ garage

 301⁠–⁠313 
1895⁠–⁠1917d Muskegon Block
1918 WLW/ACM Chur
Million Dollar Th.

 300–310 
Bradbury B.
1893 SH/GW

Wilson Court
former alley

 312-6 
Gilbert Block c.1900–c.60
Central Th. 1929–c.57[14]
now Guadalupe wedding chapel

 301–311  Washington B.
1912 P&B[15]

 300–4 
J. B. Lankershim[16] Bldg a.k.a.
National Title[17] Bldg
1897–1959d RBY[18]

 301–9 
Schwartz Block 1888⁠-⁠d⁠[19]
Hotel Jackson 1890s
Citizens Nat'l Bank/
Cotton Exch Bldg 1906-?d
[20]⁠[16]⁠[17]⁠HA

now Reagan State Bldg 1990

 300–4 
Thom Block d⁠[21]
Milan H.
Blakesley H.
Lewis drugstore[22]
now 🅿️[23]

126–30 E. 3rd
Empire/ Unique Th.
1905 RBY
now 🅿️

Toy District
Angels Flight
 312-322   315–325 

1897 JP Homer Laughlin B.
ds 1898–1905 Coulter's
ds 1905–17 Ville de Paris
1917– Grand Central Market

 318-22 
Blackstone B. 1906–pres RBY
Blackstone DS 1906-17
The Fair
Cozy Theater 1930s-50s[24]
 324-6  Shannon B.
 328-30  Boos Bros Cafeteria
 332-4  So. Cal. Music
 336-8  Gray B. 1950s: Central Stationery & Printing Co.

 337-41 
Salisbury Block
 343-7 
Hogan B.
 308–314   311–317 

Round House
a.k.a. Garden of Paradise 1850s–1889

[16][17]c.1890–?
311–3 Pinney Bldg
[25]⁠315–7 Pridham Block
319–25 Turnverein Hall
(Turnhalle)/
New Star Vaudeville Th.
335–9 Belasco Th.

 312–324 
Panorama B.
1880s-1984

Rotunda (rear)
1887⁠–⁠1907:
Siege of Paris
panorama/[26]
stables⁠/icerink 1907–52:
Adolphus/ Hippodrome Theatre[27]

now 🅿️

 357–361 
1913–d
Black B.[28]
now Pershing Sq. B Line‍D Line

 331–335 
ds 1900–35 Jacoby Bros.

 355–363 
1898/1902 JP Grant Bldg
jewelers Montgomery Bros.
shoes W. E. Cummings

 340  Trustee B. 1905 PB

 350  O. T. Johnson Block 1895 It RBY

 356  O. T. Johnson Bldg
1902 JB Rom

 361 
Citizen M hotel 2021–

 354 
Hellman Bldg
1903
now HWH 🏠

103 W 4th
[29]1897 M&W
Hotel Van Nuys
 now Hotel Barclay⁠🏠

 332–346 
Hotel Westminster
1888⁠–⁠1960d RBY now Medallion Apts⁠🏠

 335–399 
Germaine
[30]Bldg d
[22]Edison H. now retail, 🅿️

FOURTH ST. FOURTH ST. FOURTH ST. FOURTH ST.

 400–412 
Hotel Clarendon/
Hotel Sherman
1895–1939
now 🅿️ lot


 414–434 
Wilson Bldg/
Occidental Hotel/
Clark Hotel
?–1913

 401–5 
J. A.
Williams
Dry
Goods/
Broadway
Department
Store
Building
1895–
1914d

1915: 401–23 B'way, 414–34 Hill were joined as the:
Broadway Dept Store Bldg 1915 P&B
1999 renamed Junípero Serra B. #2

The Broadway Department Store 1896–1973
State of California offices 1999–present

 400 
Mason B. c.1897–d[31]
Perla on Broadway 🏠 2020

Angelus Hotel 1901⁠–⁠56d JP[32]
now 🅿️

 400 
Continental
Bldg
1902 JP/GB BA a.k.a. Braly Block
now Continental Lofts

 410 
Hellman Bldg
1903 AR BA
now Hellman Lofts 🏠

 400 
San
Fernando
B.
1906 IRR

Toy District



 417 
Subway
Terminal
B.
1925–55 Pacific
Electric
now res
Metro 417

 436–8 
Boos Bros. Cafeteria

St. Clarenden H.

 443–7
?–⁠1911 Brockton Shoes
ds 1911⁠–⁠22 Myer Siegel
ds 1922⁠-⁠c.1927 Bon Marché
5&10¢ 1927⁠–⁠mid⁠-⁠90s: 
J. J. Newberry's
Fallas Paredes
ds 1996-2022

 424 
Judson C. Rive B. 1907

 433
Title Insurance & Trust Co B. 1928
UCLA Extension

 416 
Stowell/ El Dorado Hotel 1913
El Dorado Lofts

Dog Park

(411 W. 5th)
1929-30 P&P AD
Title
Guarantee
B.
now 🏠

(515 W. 5th)
 451–459 
1913 JP⁠/⁠GEB RR 
Metropolitan B.
1914⁠–⁠34 Owl Drugs
1913⁠–⁠26 Public Library
Foreman
& Clark
ds c.⁠1915⁠–⁠28
1916⁠–⁠28 Janss land dev.
Fallas Paredes
ds 1996⁠-⁠2022
Now small/vacant retail,
Downtown Metro Lofts

Chester Williams B. 1926

 453 
Spring Arts Tower P&B
Citizens Nat'l Bank 1915–63
Crocker Bank 1963–70s
Pacific Stock Exchange 1970s
Now art studios, The Last Bookstore

 460 
Rowan B. 1912
The Rowan 🏠

 451 
1914 P&B BA
Hotel
Rosslyn
now Rosslyn Lofts

121 E. 5th
King
Edward
Hotel
1906 P&B
now 🏠.

FIFTH ST. FIFTH ST. FIFTH ST. FIFTH ST.
PERSHING
SQUARE

Pershing Square
B Line‍D Line

Fifth Street Store ds

 518  Roxie Th.

 528  Cameo Th.

 534  Arcade Th.

now retail

 501 
Hotel Alexandria 1906

 510 
Security Bldg 1907 PB
Security T&SB
now Security Bldg Lofts

 514 
Hotel
Rosslyn
Annex

 500–2 
Charnock
Block
1889 Vic/SE
Pershing Hotel
now New
Pershing
Apts

 501 
Baltimore
Hotel 1910
now 🏠

 538⁠–⁠546     Spring Arcade     537⁠–⁠543  
(a.k.a. Broadway Arcade)


543
Desmond's
ds 1915–24

 514 
Security T&SB 1916 JP BA
now L.A. Theater Center

 545 
🅿️

 550 
Topaz Apts 2018

 550  
Paramount Th.
International
Jewelry Ctr

 555–61  
ds Swelldom

 556–558  
ds Silverwoods
(1904–74) now Broadway Jewelry Mart

(215 W. Spring)
 561 
1910 JP/GEB Trust & Savings Bank Bldg
1910 L.A. T&SB
1922 Pacific SW T&SB
now Randolph Lofts

 548 
Marley Lofts

 560 
Santa Fe B. 1908 M&W BA
now Santa Fe Lofts

SIXTH ST. SIXTH ST. SIXTH ST. SIXTH ST.

Consolidated
Realty
B.
1908/35
now California Jewelry Mart

Sun Realty B. 1931
L.A. Jewelry
Center

 635 
Harris &
Frank B. 1925
Harris &
Frank 1925⁠–⁠50
now Wholesale
Jewelry
Exchange


 606  
Western
Jewelry
Mart

 608 
William Fox B. 1932
Fox
Jewelry
Plaza

 601-605 
1907 P&B H. Jevne Co B.
grocer 1907–20 H. Jevne
1921–31[33] Bedell Dept Store
1936–8 Jacoby's
1940–? Zukor's[34]
now Three One Four apts

 615 
Los Angeles Th.

 600–610  
Walter P. Story B. 1909 MW&C BA
Mullen & Bluett ds

 616 
Desmond's ds

 620  
Schaber's cafeteria

 630   Palace Th. 1911 GAL RR

 644  
Joseph E Carr B. 1909 HH
W & J. Sloane 1909–1935
Brooks Clothing Co 1935–47
Harris & Frank 1947⁠–⁠80

 648 
Boos Bros. Cafeteria 1916
Clifton's Cafeteria 1935–

 601  
Hotel Hayward

 621  
E. F. Hutton 1931

 625  
California Canadian Bank 1923

 639  
Barclays Bank 1919

 600 
United California Bank B. 1961 CB
U.C.B. HQ 1961–73
now Thurman Lofts

 618 
Stock Exchange B. 1931 P&P CM
L. A. Stock Exchange
Pacific Stock Exch.
now ExchangeLA nightclub

 626 
Mortgage Guaranty B. 1913
City Lofts

 632–4 
Banks & Huntley B. 1930 P&P AD

 610 
Pacific
Electric
B. 1905
Pacific
Electric
Lofts

 640 
Hotel Cecil
1924–pres LLS[35]

 651–7 
410 W. 7th
1920 BMP BA
Pantages/ Warner Bros Th
now Jewelry
Theater Center

 640–50   639–59 

Bullock's ds 1907 P&B
now St. Vincent Jewelry Ctr

 656–666  (219 W 7th)
Haas B. 1915 MW&M BA
now 🏠, hotel, retail

215 W. 7th  651–3 
Bartlett Bldg
1911 P&B
Union Oil HQ
1911–23
2002–pres 🏠

now Jaide Lofts

SEVENTH ST. SEVENTH ST. SEVENTH ST. SEVENTH ST.

 701 
Foreman
& Clark B.
1928 C&B AD/NG
Foreman
& Clark ds

 703  State Th.

 700 
Hotel Lankershim 1905⁠–⁠80s d
now 🅿️ w/1st floor retail

 720 
Z. L. Parmelee B. 1907
Parmelee Co. gas/electric fixtures

 722 
Sassony B. 1909 Barker Bros. furniture 1909⁠–⁠1936 at 724⁠-⁠732
728–734 is now 🅿️ w/1st floor retail

 740  
Garland B. 1913 MW&M NC
Globe Th. orig. Morosco Th.

 701  
Van
Nuys
Bldg
M&W 1911 RR
now
Van
Nuys
Apts

 700–4  
140 W. 7th
Financial
Center
Bldg
N&W 1924 BA[36]

 700  
Dearden's
ds 1909-2017

[37]⁠ 757–61  
401–15 W. 8th
[38]⁠Title Insurance & Trust Co
?–1928
Garfield Bldg
1930–pres

Union Bank
& Trust Co.
B. 1922 C&B
now Union Lofts

 756  
Chapman B. 1912 EM BA HCM #899
orig. L.A. Investment Co B.
now Chapman Flats

 755  
Griffin on Spring 🏠 24 fl. 2018

 756  Great
Republic
Life B.
1927 W&E BA
Gr. Rep. Life
now Gr. Rep. Lofts

EIGHTH ST. EIGHTH ST. EIGHTH ST. EIGHTH ST.

 825 
1922–63 RKO
Hillstreet
Th.
now 820 Olive / 825 S. Hill 🏠

 830   801 

May Company B.
Hamburger's ds 1908–1923
May Company ds 1923–1986
Broadway Trade Center –2015
retail, garment manufacturing
planned retail, offices, hotel[39]

 802  Tower Th.
  1927 BR

 812  Rialto Th.
  1917 AD/CR

 842  Orpheum Th.
 (1926 BA)

200 W. 8th
1923 Lane Mortgage B.
now The Craftsman

 810 
National
City
Tower
1924 AW/PE⁠⁠[40]⁠[41]

 810 
California
Th. 1918–90 BA

 824 
Gray B.

 855 
Coast Fed.
Savings
B.
1926 JM

 850 
The Alexan
planned 26 fl. 🏠

 849 
Eastern Columbia B. 1930 CB AD
1930–57 Eastern Col. DS
2006–pres Eastern Col. Lofts

 833 
City Club B.
1925 LLS⁠[42]

 851 
Harris
Newmark
B.
1926 C&B RR

 860 
Cooper B. 1926 C&B
Cooper Design Space

NINTH ST. NINTH ST. NINTH ST.
small retail

 912 
May Co Garage B.1926

 939 
South
Park
🏠

 901 
Blackstone's ds 1907–1917

1927 W&E/CHC SG  929 
Cal. Petroleum/Texaco B.
2014–24 Ace Hotel
now STILE hotel
1927⁠–⁠89 United Artists Th.
1989 Gene Scott's church
2014–24 Th. at Ace Hotel
now United Th.

 910 
Gerry
B.
1947 SM

OLYMPIC BL. (formerly TENTH ST.) OLYMPIC BL.

 1000  53 fl 🏠
Olympic & Hill

 1026  S. Broadway Broadway Palace Apts 2017 S. Hill  1001–51 

 1038  1927 SOC
Mayan Th.

 1023  1925 W&E BA
Western Pacific B.

 1061 
White Log
bar/rest. 1932 Nov[43]

 1050 
1926 MWC Chur
Belasco Th.

 1060 
L. A. Railway HQ 1925
now Hoxton Hotel

ELEVENTH ST. ELEVENTH ST. ELEVENTH ST.

 1111 
Sky Trees
Tower
planned
43-fl. 🏠[44]

(146 W. 11th St.)  1101 
1914 Herald Examiner B.
newspaper 1914–89 Herald Examiner

 1100 
Commercial Club (Chamber of Commerce social club) 1926 C&B RR
now Proper Hotel

 1101 
110 W. 11th
Harris B. 1923 BA


See also

Within Downtown Los Angeles

References

  1. ^ p.8, "Historic Core A Los Angeles Property-Based Business Improvement District Management District Plan", City of Los Angeles, May 14, 2018, retrieved October 15, 2020
  2. ^ ""Boundary Map", Historic Core Business Improvement District, retrieved October 15, 2020". Archived from the original on October 16, 2020. Retrieved October 15, 2020.
  3. ^ "DCBID Boundaries | Downtown LA". downtownla.com.
  4. ^ "Water and Power Associates".
  5. ^ "Los Angeles Fifty Years Ago: The Re-Creation of a Vanished City". Los Angeles Times. November 15, 1931. p. 90. Retrieved May 13, 2019.
  6. ^ "Carroll Herkimer Brown". PCAD. Retrieved October 24, 2024.
  7. ^ "Howard, Train and Williams, Architects". PCAD. Retrieved October 24, 2024.
  8. ^ "Loy L. Smith". PCAD. Retrieved October 24, 2024.
  9. ^ "Five-Story Building. Eighty-Thousand Dollar Block to Go Up on Hill Street". The Los Angeles Times. February 6, 1901. p. 9.
  10. ^ "Conservative Life Insurance Company, Office Building, Los Angeles, CA". PCAD. Retrieved October 24, 2024.
  11. ^ "That Big Block to Go Up on Hill and Third Streets". The Los Angeles Times. February 7, 1901. p. 8.
  12. ^ "Hill Street Improvement". The Los Angeles Times. June 12, 1904. p. 35.
  13. ^ Reagh, William (1979). "F.P. Fay Building". Calisphere. Retrieved October 24, 2024.
  14. ^ Counter, Bill. "Los Angeles Theatres: Central Theatre". Los Angeles Theatres. Retrieved October 24, 2024.
  15. ^ "Washington Building, Downtown, Los Angeles, CA". PCAD. Retrieved October 24, 2024.
  16. ^ a b c "Image 11 (Plate 130), Sanborn Fire Insurance Map, Los Angeles, 1906". Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. 20540 USA. 1906. Retrieved October 27, 2024.
  17. ^ a b c "Sanborn Fire Map of Los Angeles 1906-Jan. 1950 vol. 2, 1906-June 1950, Sheet 130". Los Angeles Public Library. 1906–1950. Retrieved October 27, 2024.
  18. ^ "Lankershim Building, 3rd Street and Spring Street, Downtown, Los Angeles, CA". PCAD. Retrieved October 27, 2024.
  19. ^ "The Building Boom". Los Angeles Herald. December 23, 1906. Retrieved October 27, 2024.
  20. ^ "Citizens' Securities Company, Citizens' National Bank Building #1, Downtown, Los Angeles, CA". PCAD. Retrieved October 27, 2024.
  21. ^ Sanborn Fire Map of Los Angeles, v.2, plate 130 (Map). 1906.
  22. ^ a b "Los Angeles 1909 (map)". Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. 20540 USA. Retrieved October 27, 2024.
  23. ^ Main St & 3rd St (Map). Retrieved October 27, 2024.
  24. ^ "Cozy Theatre". Los Angeles Theatres. Retrieved October 24, 2024.
  25. ^ "Blackstone's Disciples". Los Angeles Herald. February 21, 1897. p. 5. The Law Students' association of this city has selected permanent rooms in Pridham block, No. 317 South Main street.
  26. ^ "Panoramas in Los Angeles", The Velaslavasay Panorama
  27. ^ Counter, Bill. "Los Angeles Theatres: Panorama / Adolphus / Hippodrome Theatre". Los Angeles Theatres. Retrieved October 27, 2024.
  28. ^ Baist Real Estate Atlas. Los Angeles: Baist. 1920. p. Plate 2. Retrieved October 7, 2024.
  29. ^ "A Credit to Los Angeles". Los Angeles Herald. January 3, 1897.
  30. ^ Sanborn Fire Map of Los Angeles, Volume 2, Plate 144 (Map). 1906.
  31. ^ "Mason Building Sold". Los Angeles Evening Express. Los Angeles, California. February 11, 1922. p. 19.
  32. ^ "Angelus Hotel". PCAD. Retrieved October 8, 2024.
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34°03′13″N 118°14′43″W / 34.05349°N 118.245319°W / 34.05349; -118.245319

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