Hawker Hotspur

Hotspur
Hawker Hotspur
General information
TypeFighter aircraft
ManufacturerHawker
Designer
Primary userRoyal Air Force
Number built1
History
First flight14 June 1938
Developed fromHawker Henley

The Hawker Hotspur was a fighter aircraft developed between the wars for the Royal Air Force. It was designed in response to Air Ministry Specification F.9/35, which required a powered turret as the main armament to replace the Hawker Demon. It was developed from the Hawker Henley, a competitor for the light bomber role but put into production as a target tug, and fitted with a Boulton-Paul powered four gun turret.[1][2]

Design and development

The Air Ministry released Specification F.9/35, which required a two-seater day and night "turret fighter" capable of 290 mph (470 km/h) at 15,000 ft (4,600 m) to British manufacturers in 1935. The aircraft was to have its armament (four machine guns) concentrated in a power-operated turret, and performance was to be only slightly less than that of other fighter designs being developed at that time. It was also to have enough fuel capacity to perform standing patrols.

There were seven responses to the tender: Armstrong Whitworth (twin-engines, based on the AW.34), Boulton and Paul (P.82), Bristol (Type 147), Fairey, Gloster, Hawker, and Supermarine (Type 305). An eighth company, Vickers, did start on a design but did not provide it to the Air Ministry.[3] As Hawker were already engaged in building the Henley prototype, their submission was based on that with a turret to be provided by Nash & Thompson. The Hawker, Boulton Paul and Armstrong Whitworth designs were judged the most promising and two prototypes of each were ordered though the Armstrong Whitworth design was not in the end built.

In the same fashion as the Henley, the Hotspur used standard Hawker Hurricane outer wing panels. One prototype aircraft, K8309, was built in 1937, fitted with armament of four 0.303 in (7.7 mm) Browning machine guns in a Boulton Paul dorsal turret plus one .303 in (7.7 mm) Vickers machine gun mounted in the front fuselage.[4]

In 1937, the competing Boulton Paul received an order for 87 Defiants and Hawker for 389 Hotspurs (tp be built at Avro). For naval use the Blackburn Roc turret fighter was also ordered though the 136 aircraft were to be built by Boulton Paul.[5] In January 1938 an official opinion was that the Defiant and Hotspur would be equal in performance but Hawker had shown insufficient enthusiasm in the project.[6] The Hotspur production order was cancelled, more Defiants ordered in their place.[7] A second Hotspur prototype was cancelled.

The completion of the prototype was delayed until 1938, by which time the rival Boulton Paul Defiant had already flown. The Hotspur first flew, at Brooklands, on 14 June 1938 with only a wooden mock-up of the turret and with ballast equivalent to the weight of armament. It was then tested at Martlesham Heath.

Testing and evaluation

As Hawker was committed to the production of Hurricanes and sister company Gloster to Henley production, there was insufficient capacity to introduce another type and production was abandoned.[8] The mock-up turret was removed and a cockpit fairing installed. Planned production by Avro to Specification 17/36 was abandoned and the prototype, less turret, was used at the RAE Farnborough from 1939 to test flap and dive brake configurations alongside the Hawker Henley until 1942. On 12 February following an engine problem during a gliding test the pilot was forced to make a gear up belly landing; while the damage was judged to be repairable the Hotspur was scrapped rather than incur the cost.[9]

Specifications (Hotspur)

Orthographic projection of the Hotspur prototype, without armament fitted.

Data from Hawker Aircraft since 1920[10]

General characteristics

  • Crew: Two (pilot & gunner)
  • Length: 32 ft 10.5 in (10.02 m)
  • Wingspan: 40 ft 6 in (12.34 m)
  • Height: 13 ft 10 in (4.22 m)
  • Wing area: 342 sq ft (31.8 m2) [11]
  • Empty weight: 5,800 lb (2,630 kg)
  • Max takeoff weight: 7,650 lb (3,470 kg)
  • Powerplant: 1 × Rolls-Royce Merlin II hp V-12 inline piston engine, 1,030 hp (768 kW)

Performance

  • Maximum speed: 316 mph (510 km/h, 275 kn)
  • Service ceiling: 28,000 ft (8,500 m)

Armament

See also

Related development

Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era

Related lists

References

Notes

  1. ^ Hannah 1982, p. 47.
  2. ^ James 1973, p. 82.
  3. ^ Buttler, 2004 p52-53
  4. ^ Hawker Hotspur – British Aircraft of World War II
  5. ^ Brew p30
  6. ^ Buttler, 2012 p105
  7. ^ Brew p34
  8. ^ Buttler, British Secret Projects: Fighters and Bombers 1935–1950 Midland Publishing
  9. ^ Brew p 35
  10. ^ Mason 1991
  11. ^ Mason 1992, p. 270.

Bibliography

  • Brew, Alex. The Turret Fighters – Defiant and Roc. Ramsbury, Marlborough, Wiltshire, UK: Crowood Press, 2002. ISBN 1-86126-497-6.
  • Buttler, Tony (2012). British Experimental Combat Aircraft of World War II: Prototypes, Research Aircraft and Failed Production Designs. Manchester, UK: Hikoki Publications. ISBN 978-19021-0-924-4.
  • Buttler, Tony (2004). Fighters & Bombers 1935-1950. British Secret Projects 3. Hinckley: Midland Publishing. ISBN 9-781857-801798.
  • Hannah, Donald. Hawker FlyPast Reference Library. Stamford, Lincolnshire, UK: Key Publishing Ltd., 1982. ISBN 0-946219-01-X.
  • James, Derek N. Hawker, an Aircraft Album No. 5. New York: Arco Publishing Company, 1973. ISBN 0-668-02699-5. (First published in the UK by Ian Allan in 1972.)
  • Mason, Francis K. The British Fighter since 1912. Annapolis, MD: US Naval Institute Press, 1992. ISBN 1-55750-082-7.
  • Mason, Francis K. Hawker Aircraft since 1920. Annapolis, MD: US Naval Institute Press, 1991. ISBN 1-55750-351-6. (3rd US edition, originally published in the UK by Putnam Aeronautical Books in 1961 and 1971)

Read other articles:

Peta Socourt. Socourt merupakan sebuah komune di departemen Vosges yang terletak pada sebelah timur laut Prancis. Lihat pula Komune di departemen Vosges Referensi INSEE lbsKomune di departemen Vosges Les Ableuvenettes Ahéville Aingeville Ainvelle Allarmont Ambacourt Ameuvelle Anglemont Anould Aouze Arches Archettes Aroffe Arrentès-de-Corcieux Attignéville Attigny Aulnois Aumontzey Autigny-la-Tour Autreville Autrey Auzainvilliers Avillers Avrainville Avranville Aydoilles Badménil-aux-Bois ...

 

Mayor Jenderal (Tituler) TeungkuMuhammad Daud Beureu'eh Gubernur Militer Aceh, Langkat dan Tanah KaroMasa jabatan1947–1949 PendahuluTeuku Daud SyahPenggantiB. M. DanubrotoGubernur Aceh Darussalam ke-3Masa jabatan1950–1951 Informasi pribadiLahir(1896-09-23)23 September 1896Beureu'eh, Lueng Sagoe, Mutiara, Pidie, AcehMeninggal10 Juni 1987(1987-06-10) (umur 90)Banda Aceh, AcehSuami/istri1. Cut Halimah 2. Teungku Asma 3. Hj. AsiahHubunganM Nur El Ibrahimy (Menantu)Anakdari Cut Halima...

 

Konten dan perspektif penulisan artikel ini tidak menggambarkan wawasan global pada subjeknya. Silakan bantu mengembangkan atau bicarakan artikel ini di halaman pembicaraannya, atau buat artikel baru, bila perlu. (Pelajari cara dan kapan saatnya untuk menghapus pesan templat ini) Seorang akuntan yang sedang bekerja Akuntan adalah sebutan dan gelar profesional yang diberikan kepada seorang sarjana yang telah menempuh pendidikan di fakultas ekonomi jurusan akuntansi pada suatu universitas atau ...

Infraorder of pterodactyloid pterosaurs EupterodactyloidsTemporal range: Late Jurassic-Late Cretaceous, 152–66 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N Life restoration of the pteranodontian Pteranodon longiceps Restoration of Aerotitan sudamericanus depicted as an azhdarchid Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Order: †Pterosauria Suborder: †Pterodactyloidea Infraorder: †EupterodactyloideaBennett, 1994 Subgroups †Altmuehlopterus? †Ornithoc...

 

Book by David Byrne How Music Works AuthorDavid ByrneCountryUnited StatesLanguageEnglishSubjectMemoir / music theoryPublishedSeptember 12, 2012PublisherMcSweeney'sPages352ISBN1936365537 How Music Works is a non-fiction book by David Byrne, a musician, composer, and writer best known for his work with the group Talking Heads. He discusses the form and influence of music in a non-linear narrative fashion, using a variety of experiences from his career to create something part autobiography and ...

 

B

  此條目介紹的是拉丁字母中的第2个字母。关于其他用法,请见「B (消歧义)」。   提示:此条目页的主题不是希腊字母Β、西里尔字母В、Б、Ъ、Ь或德语字母ẞ、ß。 BB b(见下)用法書寫系統拉丁字母英文字母ISO基本拉丁字母(英语:ISO basic Latin alphabet)类型全音素文字相关所属語言拉丁语读音方法 [b][p][ɓ](适应变体)Unicode编码U+0042, U+0062字母顺位2数值 2歷史發...

ジェヒュー・ゴードンJehue Gordon 2013年世界陸上競技選手権大会にて選手情報国籍 トリニダード・トバゴ競技 陸上競技種目 400メートルハードル生年月日 (1991-12-15) 1991年12月15日(32歳)身長 1.90 m (6 ft 3 in)体重 80 kg (176 lb)自己ベスト 400 m: 46秒43(2010年) 400 mH: 47秒69(2013年) 獲得メダル 世界選手権 金 2013 モスクワ 400 mH 世界ジュニア選手権 金...

 

BCAR3 التراكيب المتوفرة بنك بيانات البروتينOrtholog search: PDBe RCSB قائمة رموز معرفات بنك بيانات البروتين 3T6A المعرفات الأسماء المستعارة BCAR3, NSP2, SH2D3B, breast cancer anti-estrogen resistance 3, AND-34, NSP family adaptor protein, adaptor protein, NSP family member, MIG7 معرفات خارجية الوراثة المندلية البشرية عبر الإنترنت 604704 MGI: MGI:1352501 Homolo...

 

1985 Indian filmPratighatanaTheatrical release posterDirected byT. KrishnaWritten byT. KrishnaM. V. S. Haranatha Rao (dialogues)Story byT. KrishnaProduced byRamoji RaoStarringVijayshantiChandra MohanKota Srinivasa RaoSai KumarP. L. NarayanaCharan RajSuthi VeluRajasekharNarra Venkateswara RaoY. VijayaMusic byK. ChakravarthyProductioncompanyUshakiran MoviesRelease date 11 October 1985 (1985-10-11) CountryIndiaLanguageTelugu Pratighatana (transl. Resistance) is a 1985 India...

هذه المقالة عن المجموعة العرقية الأتراك وليس عن من يحملون جنسية الجمهورية التركية أتراكTürkler (بالتركية) التعداد الكليالتعداد 70~83 مليون نسمةمناطق الوجود المميزةالبلد  القائمة ... تركياألمانياسورياالعراقبلغارياالولايات المتحدةفرنساالمملكة المتحدةهولنداالنمساأسترالي�...

 

  لمعانٍ أخرى، طالع ضريح السيد (توضيح).ضريح السيد صبورمعلومات عامةنوع المبنى ضريحالمكان دزفول[1] المنطقة الإدارية دزفول البلد  إيرانالاستعمال ضريح الصفة التُّراثيَّةتصنيف تراثي المعالم الوطنية الإيرانية[1] (2003 – ) معلومات أخرىالإحداثيات 32°22′23″N 48°24′01″E&#x...

 

Women's 1500 metresat the Games of the XXX OlympiadVenueOlympic StadiumDate6–10 AugustCompetitors46 from 26 nationsWinning time4:10.23Medalists Maryam Yusuf Jamal[1]  Bahrain Tatyana Tomashova  Russia Abeba Aregawi  Ethiopia← 20082016 → Official Video Athletics at the2012 Summer OlympicsQualificationTrack events100 mmenwomen200 mmenwomen400 mmenwomen800 mmenwomen1500 mmenwomen5000 mmenwomen10,000 mmenwomen100 m hurdleswomen110 m hurdles...

Sanzō Nosaka Anggota Dewan PerwakilanMasa jabatan11 April 1946 – 6 Juni 1950Daerah pemilihanDapil I TokyoAnggota Dewan PenasihatMasa jabatan8 Juli 1956 – 3 Juli 1977Daerah pemilihanDapil TokyoKetua Partai Komunis JepangMasa jabatan1958–1982PendahuluKyuichi TokudaPenggantiKenji MiyamotoKetua Kehormatan Partai Komunis JepangMasa jabatan1982–1992 Informasi pribadiLahir(1892-03-30)30 Maret 1892Hagi, YamaguchiMeninggal14 November 1993(1993-11-14) (umur 101)TokyoPart...

 

American academic journal This article is about the magazine. For other uses, see Foreign affairs (disambiguation). This article needs to be updated. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (August 2023) Foreign AffairsCover of the September/October 2023 issue of Foreign AffairsEditorDaniel Kurtz-PhelanCategoriesPolitical science, foreign affairs, and economicsFrequencyBimonthlyCirculation195,016PublisherCouncil on Foreign RelationsFoundedSepte...

 

1585 end of siege by Spanish forces against a Dutch garrison in Eighty Years' War This article is about the Siege and outcome of the 1584–1585 siege of Antwerp during the Eighty Years' War. For other battles involving a siege of this city, see Siege of Antwerp. Fall of AntwerpPart of the Eighty Years' WarParma's bridge over the Scheldt in 1585, built of ships.DateJuly 1584 – 17 August 1585LocationAntwerp (present-day Belgium)Result Spanish victoryBelligerents Estates General SpainCommande...

1996 United States Senate election in Alaska ← 1990 November 5, 1996 2002 →   Nominee Ted Stevens Jed Whittaker Theresa Obermeyer Party Republican Green Democratic Popular vote 177,893 29,037 23,977 Percentage 76.71% 12.52% 10.34% Results by state house districtStevens:      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90% U.S. senator before election Ted Stev...

 

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Howard Books – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (March 2021) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Christian publishing company Howard BooksParent companySimon & SchusterFounded1969 as Howard PublishingFounderAlton HowardCountry of originUn...

 

Music college in Barcelona, Spain The conservatory's new building, constructed in 2009 Conservatori Superior de Música del Liceu (Catalan pronunciation: [kunsəɾβəˈtɔɾi supəɾiˈo ðə ˈmuzikə ðəl liˈsɛw]) is a music college in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. It was created in 1837 with the name Liceo Filo-dramático de Montesión. In 1847 the institution inaugurated the opera house Gran Teatre del Liceu. In 1854, the Liceo Filarmónico and the Gran Teatre del Liceu separat...

American politician (1836–1926) Joe CannonCannon c. 1909–192335th Speaker of the United States House of RepresentativesIn officeNovember 9, 1903 – March 3, 1911Preceded byDavid B. HendersonSucceeded byChamp ClarkLeader of the House Republican ConferenceIn officeNovember 9, 1903 – March 3, 1911Preceded byDavid B. HendersonSucceeded byJames Robert MannChairman of the House Republican ConferenceIn officeMarch 4, 1899 – March 3, 1903SpeakerDavid B. H...

 

Cet article est une ébauche concernant le droit français et la politique française. Vous pouvez partager vos connaissances en l’améliorant (comment ?) selon les recommandations des projets correspondants. Direction générale des collectivités localesHistoireFondation 24 février 1960CadreSigle DGCLType Direction d'administration centraleForme juridique Service central d'un ministèreDomaine d'activité Administration publique généralePays  FranceOrganisationDirectrice gé...