From 1976 to 1978 Bagger commanded the Panzergrenadierbataillon 51 in Rotenburg an der Fulda and served at the Bundesministerium der Verteidigung until 1980. From April 1980 till September 1982 Bagger, now an Oberst, was the Chief of staff of the 3. Panzerdivision and afterwards head of the branch "Security policy" at the Hamburg Führungsakademie, from October 1984 till April 1988 he commanded the Panzergrenadierbrigade 7 (Hamburg).
Bagger was promoted a Brigadegeneral in 1988 and served as the Chief of Staff at the III. Korps (Koblenz) until 22 November 1990 and commander of the 12. Panzerdivision (Veitshöchheim) until March 1992.
Bagger became the deputy Inspekteur des Heeres (Chief of Staff of the German Army) on 1 April 1992 and Inspekteur des Heeres on 21 March 1994. After general Klaus Naumann became Chairman of the NATO Military Committee Bagger followed him as the Chief of Staff of the Bundeswehr on 8 February 1996, a post he held till his retirement on 31 March 1999.[2]
Bagger lived at Meckenheim, was married and had two sons. One of them is the diplomat Thomas Bagger. Hartmut Bagger died on 26 January 2024, at the age of 85.[3]