Hargaya

Location of Hargaya state in the middle ages

Hargaya (Harari: ሀርጋየ Härgayä) was a historical Muslim state in present-day eastern Ethiopia.[1][2] It was located east of the Awash River on the Harar plateau in Adal alongside Gidaya and Hubat states.[3][4][5] It neighbored other polities in the medieval era including Ifat, Fedis, Mora, Biqulzar and Kwelgora.[6]

History

The people of Hargaya were reportedly a sub clan of the Harla people.[7][8] In the fourteenth century Hargaya elected Imam Salih to battle the forces of Abyssinian emperor Amda Seyon I.[9] According to the fifteenth century emperor of Ethiopia's Baeda Maryam I chronicle, Hargaya's ruler took the title Garad.[10]

According to sixteenth century Adal writer Arab Faqīh, the people of Hargaya fought in the army of Ahmed ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi leader of Adal Sultanate.[11] Researcher Mahdi Gadid states Hargaya alongside Gidaya domains were primarily inhabited by the Harari people before being assimilated by the Oromo and Somali people.[12][13] Historian Merid Wolde Aregay deduced that the Hargaya state language was Harari.[14] In the later half of the sixteenth century Hargaya state would be ravaged by the Oromo invasions.[15][16]

References

  1. ^ Loimeier, Roman (5 June 2013). Muslim Societies in Africa A Historical Anthropology. Indiana University Press. p. 184. ISBN 9780253007971.
  2. ^ Marcus, Harold (22 February 2002). A History of Ethiopia. University of California Press. p. 272. ISBN 9780520925427.
  3. ^ Braukamper, Ulrich (2002). Islamic History and Culture in Southern Ethiopia. Lit. p. 33. ISBN 9783825856717.
  4. ^ Tamrat, Tadesse. Church and state (PDF). University of London. p. 238.
  5. ^ Africa from the Sixteenth to the Eighteenth Century. University of California Press. 1992. p. 711. ISBN 978-0-435-94811-5.
  6. ^ Hirsch, Bertrand (2020). "Le récit des guerres du roi ʿAmda Ṣeyon contre les sultanats islamiques, fiction épique du XVe siècle". Médiévales (79): 107. JSTOR 27092794.
  7. ^ Mohammed, Ayantu. Mapping Historical Traces: Methogensis, Identity and the Representation of the Harela: A Historical and Anthropological Inquiry (PDF). Wollo University. p. 111.
  8. ^ WONDIMU, ALEMAYEHU. A CULTURAL HISTORY OF THE HARARI PEOPLE (PDF). Jimma University. p. 1. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2021-04-21.
  9. ^ Chekroun, Amelie. Le Futūḥ al-Ḥabaša Écriture de l'histoire, guerre et société dans le Bar Sa'ad ad-dīn. e l’Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne. p. 198.
  10. ^ Garad. Encyclopedia Aethiopica.
  11. ^ Ethiopianist Notes. African Studies Center, Michigan State University. 1977. p. 24.
  12. ^ Gidaya. Encyclopedia Aethiopica.
  13. ^ Ogot, Bethwell (1992). Africa from the Sixteenth to the Eighteenth Century. James Currey. p. 711. ISBN 978-0-435-94811-5.
  14. ^ Aregay, Merid (1974). Political Geography of Ethiopia at the beginning of the Sixteenth Century. Accademia nazionale dei Lincei. p. 624.
  15. ^ Cerulli, Enrico. Islam yesterday and today. p. 178.
  16. ^ Zekaria, Ahmed (1997). "SOME NOTES ON THE ACCOUNT-BOOK OF AMĪR ʿABD AL-SHAKŪR B. YŪSUF (1783-1794) OF HARAR". Sudanic Africa. 8. Brill: 18. JSTOR 25653296.