Haplogroup C-B477

Haplogroup C-B477
Possible place of originSahul Shelf
Ancestor（Grandparent）C1
DescendantsC1b2a-M38
C1b2b-M347
Defining mutationsB477
Highest frequenciesPapuan people, Indigenous Australians, Melanesian people, Polynesian people

Haplogroup C-B477, also known as Haplogroup C1b2, is a Y-chromosome haplogroup. It is one of two primary branches of Haplogroup C1b, one of the descendants of Haplogroup C1.

It is distributed in high frequency in Indigenous Australians, Papuan people, Melanesian people, and Polynesian people.

Subgroups

Frequency

C-M38

C-M347

Migration history

Migration of Haplogroup C (Y-DNA)

Haplogroup C-B477 took a southern route after the Out of Africa through the Indian subcontinent to the Sahul Shelf.[8] C-M38 was born 49,600 years before present around New Guinea.[9]

References

  1. ^ Hudjashov, G; Kivisild, T; Underhill, PA; et al. (May 2007). ""(May 2007). "Revealing the prehistoric settlement of Australia by Y chromosome and mtDNA analysis". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 104 (21): 8726–30. doi:10.1073/pnas.0702928104. PMC 1885570. PMID 17496137.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h Kayser, M; Brauer, S; Weiss, G; et al. (February 2003). ""(February 2003). "Reduced Y-chromosome, but not mitochondrial DNA, diversity in human populations from West New Guinea". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 72 (2): 281–302. doi:10.1086/346065. PMC 379223. PMID 12532283.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h Kayser, M; Choi, Y; van Oven, M; et al. (July 2008). ""(July 2008). "The impact of the Austronesian expansion: evidence from mtDNA and Y chromosome diversity in the Admiralty Islands of Melanesia". Mol. Biol. Evol. 25 (7): 1362–74. doi:10.1093/molbev/msn078. PMID 18390477.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i Cox, MP; Redd, AJ; Karafet, TM; et al. (October 2007). "A Polynesian motif on the Y chromosome: population structure in remote Oceania". Hum. Biol. 79 (5): 525–35. doi:10.1353/hub.2008.0004. hdl:1808/13585. PMID 18478968. S2CID 4834817.
  5. ^ Underhill PA, Passarino G, Lin AA, et al. (April 2001). "Maori origins, Y-chromosome haplotypes and implications for human history in the Pacific". Hum. Mutat. 17 (4): 271–80. doi:10.1002/humu.23. PMID 11295824. S2CID 7199607.
  6. ^ Hudjashov, G.; Kivisild, T.; Underhill, P. A.; Endicott, P.; Sanchez, J. J.; Lin, A. A.; Shen, P.; Oefner, P.; Renfrew, C.; Villems, R.; Forster, P. (2007). "Revealing the prehistoric settlement of Australia by Y chromosome and mtDNA analysis". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 104 (21): 8726–30. Bibcode:2007PNAS..104.8726H. doi:10.1073/pnas.0702928104. PMC 1885570. PMID 17496137.
  7. ^ Kayser, M; Brauer, Silke; Weiss, Gunter; Schiefenhövel, Wulf; Underhill, Peter; Shen, Peidong; Oefner, Peter; Tommaseo-Ponzetta, Mila; Stoneking, Mark (2003). "Reduced Y-Chromosome, but Not Mitochondrial DNA, Diversity in Human Populations from West New Guinea". The American Journal of Human Genetics. 72 (2): 281–302. doi:10.1086/346065. PMC 379223. PMID 12532283.
  8. ^ 崎谷満『DNA・考古・言語の学際研究が示す新・日本列島史』（勉誠出版　2009年）(in Japanese)
  9. ^ Scheinfeldt, L.; Friedlaender, F; Friedlaender, J; Latham, K; Koki, G; Karafet, T; Hammer, M; Lorenz, J (2006). "Unexpected NRY Chromosome Variation in Northern Island Melanesia". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 23 (8): 1628–41. doi:10.1093/molbev/msl028. PMID 16754639.


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