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	Abercombie off Gallipoli in July 1915
History
United Kingdom
Name	Abercrombie
Operator	Royal Navy
Builder	Harland and Wolff, Belfast
Yard number	472
Laid down	12 December 1914
Launched	15 April 1915
Completed	29 May 1915
Commissioned	1 May 1915
Decommissioned	May 1919
Honours and; awards	Dardanelles 1915
Fate	Sold 25 June 1927 and scrapped
General characteristics
Class and type	Abercrombie-class monitor
Displacement	6,150 long tons (6,250 t)
Length	334.5 ft (102.0 m) oa; 320 ft (98 m) pp;
Beam	90 ft (27 m)
Draught	10.2 ft (3.1 m)
Propulsion	2 shaft quadruple expansion reciprocating steam
Speed	6 knots (11 km/h; 6.9 mph)
Complement	198
Armament	(as built) :; 2 × 14-inch (356 mm)/45 caliber guns; 2 × 12-pounder (3-inch) guns; 1 × 3-pounder anti-aircraft gun; 1 × 2-pounder AA gun; (1918) :; 2 × 14-inch (356 mm)/45 caliber guns; 1 × BL 6-inch (152 mm) Mk XII guns; 2 × 12-pounder AA guns; 1 × 3-in AA gun; 1 × 3-pounder AA gun; 1 × 2-pounder AA gun;
Armour	Belt: 4 in (102 mm); Bulkheads: 4 in (102 mm); Barbette: 8 in (203 mm); Turret: 10 in (254 mm); Deck: 2–1 in (51–25 mm);
Aviation facilities	Fitted to carry a seaplane

HMS Abercrombie was a First World War Royal Navy Abercrombie-class monitor.

Background and construction

On 3 November 1914, Charles M. Schwab of Bethlehem Steel offered Winston Churchill, then First Lord of the Admiralty, the use of four 14 in (356 mm)/45cal BL MK II twin gun turrets, originally destined for the Greek battleship Salamis. These turrets could not be delivered to the German builders, due to the British naval blockade. The Royal Navy immediately designed a class of monitors, designed for shore bombardment, to use the turrets.

The ship was initially named Admiral Farragut in honour of the United States Admiral David Farragut, and reflecting the origin of the guns. She was laid down at the Harland and Wolff shipyard in Belfast on 12 December 1914. Farragut and General Grant were built together on the No 2 building berth, which had been constructed to build RMS Olympic. The No 2 & 3 berths were beneath the Arrol Gantry, a large truss girder construction supporting modern electric cranes above the building slip. The monitors were extremely broad over their torpedo bulges, and needed a building berth of this size, but were so short that both could fit into one. Faragut was launched first, on 15 April 1915.^[1] Both monitors were built to a high level of completion before launching, with nearly all machinery in place except for the turret. As this required a heavyweight lift, beyond the capacity of a civilian yard, the turrets for both monitors were fitted at the COW yard on the Clyde.^[1] As the United States was still neutral, the ship was hurriedly renamed HMS M1 on 31 May 1915. She was then named HMS General Abercrombie on 19 June 1915 and renamed HMS Abercrombie on 21 June 1915.

Service history

Abercrombie sailed for the Dardanelles on 24 June 1915, and provided fire support during the Battle of Gallipoli. She remained in the Eastern Mediterranean and the Aegean, until returning to England in February 1919. She was decommissioned in May 1919 and was disarmed in June 1920. Sold for breaking up in May 1921, she was retained in reserve until resold on 25 June 1927 to the Thos. W. Ward shipyard at Inverkeithing for scrapping.

Citations

^ ^a ^b Buxton (1978), pp. 17–21.

References

Buxton, Ian (2008) [1978]. Big Gun Monitors. Seaforth Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84415-719-8.
Dittmar, F. J. & Colledge, J. J., "British Warships 1914-1919", (Ian Allan, London, 1972), ISBN 0-7110-0380-7
Gray, Randal (ed), "Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921", (Conway Maritime Press, London, 1985), ISBN 0-85177-245-5