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The Guildhall
The Guildhall
Location	Bath, Somerset, England
Coordinates	51°22′55″N 2°21′32″W / 51.38194°N 2.35889°W
Built	1778
Architect	Thomas Baldwin
Listed Building – Grade I
Designated	12 June, 1950
Reference no.	442118
	Location of The Guildhall in Somerset

Guildhall is an 18th-century municipal building in central Bath, Somerset, England. It is a Grade I listed building.^[1]

History

The earliest mention of a guildhall here was in 1359, where it used to be the meeting place of the powerful trade guilds.^[2]^[3] The medieval guildhall (situated behind the modern building) was mentioned by Elizabeth Holland in 1602 as a timber-framed building with a tiled roof and stone floors strewn with rushes.^[3] This building was replaced by a Jacobean guildhall, on approximately the same site, in 1625.^[4] The building consisted of a council chamber and an armoury (where weapons were stored prior to the civil war) on the first floor. By the end of the 17th century, the room was used for social gatherings, concerts and plays.^[3]

The building was considerably enlarged to a design by William Killigrew in 1725, and a series of specially commissioned paintings by Jan Baptist van Diest was subsequently put on display.^[4]

The current Bath stone building, designed by Thomas Baldwin, was built between 1775 and 1778^[1] and extended by John McKean Brydon in 1893.^[1] The central facade has four Ionic columns and the building is surmounted by the figure of Justice. The central dome and the north and south wings were added in 1893^[1] and form a contiguous building with the Victoria Art Gallery, which was also built around the same time.^[5]

The interior has a banqueting hall with engaged Corinthian columns, 18th-century chandeliers and royal portraits. The room is used on royal visits to the city: Queen Elizabeth II had lunch in the banqueting room in May 2002.^[6]

The building now houses the council chamber for Bath and North East Somerset Council and the register office for Bath and North East Somerset; the building is also used as a wedding venue, and the record office also houses the Bath and North East Somerset Archives and Local Studies services.^[7]^[8]^[9] The Guildhall also serves as one of the venues for the Bath International Music Festival and other cultural events. It has been used for filming period dramas^[10] and miniseries such as The Trial of Christine Keeler (in 2019).^[11]

The 19th-century archway at the rear of the building, on Orange Grove, is a Grade II listed structure. The archway connects the Guildhall to the Old Police Station.^[12]

Bath Guildhall Market

In 1552, a single-storey market house was built on the site of the medieval marketplace on High Street. This building was later demolished and combined with the Jacobean guildhall, completed in 1627.^[3] Bath Guildhall Market is behind the Guildhall, and can be accessed by its own entrance tunnel through the Guildhall. It has traded on its site for the last 800 years. About 20 stall holders trade there nowadays.^[13] The Guildhall Market suffered considerable damage in a fire on 25 April 1972.^[14]

Gallery

The Guildhall in 1864 before the extensions were built
The Guildhall circa 1895
Council Chamber
Alkmaar Room
Neoclassic frieze (John Brydon, architect)

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Historic England. "Guildhall, Bath and North East Somerset (1396021)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 7 December 2017.
^ Holland, Elizabeth (1988). Bath History (PDF). Vol. 2. Sutton Publishing. p. 166. ISBN 978-0862995089.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Wroughton, John (2004). Stuart Bath: Life in the Forgotten City 1603-1714. The Lansdown Press. pp. 9–10, 44.
^ ^a ^b Fawcett, Trevor. "The Stuart Guildhall". Bath Past. Retrieved 25 July 2009.
^ Historic England. "Victoria Art Gallery and Library (1394957)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 24 September 2009.
^ "Banqueting room". Bath's Historic Buildings. Bath and North East Somerset Council. Archived from the original on 21 November 2014. Retrieved 25 July 2009.
^ "The Guildhall in Bath". Bath's Historic Buildings. Bath and North East Somerset Council. Archived from the original on 31 December 2014. Retrieved 25 July 2009.
^ "Marriages in the Guildhall". Bath's Historic Buildings. Bath and North East Somerset Council. Archived from the original on 19 October 2010. Retrieved 15 October 2010.
^ "Getting Here: Bath Record Office". Bath Archives and Local Studies. Bath and North East Somerset Council. Archived from the original on 1 April 2021. Retrieved 7 December 2017.
^ "Council Chamber". Bath's Historic Buildings. Bath and North East Somerset Council. Archived from the original on 10 October 2014. Retrieved 25 July 2009.
^ "Scenes for BBC prime time drama starring Emilia Fox and Ben Miles are being filmed in Bath". Somerset Live. 18 March 2019. Retrieved 14 November 2020.
^ "Somerset HER". www.somersetheritage.org.uk. Retrieved 23 July 2024.
^ "Guildhall Market". visitBath. Archived from the original on 8 July 2016. Retrieved 13 November 2015.
^ "The fire at the Guildhall Market 25 April 1972". Bath in Time. Retrieved 26 August 2019.