Grevillea wickhamii, commonly known as Wickham's grevillea,[2]holly-leaf grevillea or lgarrmari in Djaru,[3] is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to northern Australia. It is an erect shrub or spindly tree with holly-like, broadly egg-shaped leaves with 2 to 7 shallow teeth, and down-curved clusters of flowers, the colour depending on subspecies.
Description
Grevillea wickhamii is an erect shrub or spindly tree, that typically grows to a height of 1–6 m (3 ft 3 in – 19 ft 8 in) and has smooth bark. Its leaves are holly-like, broadly egg-shaped in outline, 30–90 mm (1.2–3.5 in) long and 25–55 mm (0.98–2.17 in) wide, with 2 to 7 shallow, pointed teeth near the tip of the leaves. The flowers are arranged in leaf axils or on the stems in down-curved, sometimes branched clusters, the end groups on a rachis mostly 10–70 mm (0.39–2.76 in) long, each flower on a pedicel usually 2–6 mm (0.079–0.236 in) long. Flower colour and flowering period vary with subspecies, and the pistil is 5–10 mm (0.20–0.39 in) long. The fruit is an oblong, glabrousfollicle 10–20 mm (0.39–0.79 in) long.[2][4][5]
Grevillea wickhamii subsp. apricaMcGill.[9] flowers in most months, with a peak from May to August, and has red or orange flowers.[10][11][12]
Grevillea wickhamii subsp. cratistaMakinson[13] flowers in July, and has red to deep pink flowers.[14][15]
Grevillea wickhamii subsp. hispidula Makinson[16] flowers from May to August, and has yellow or bright red flowers.[17][18]
Grevillea wickhamii subsp. macrodonta Makinson[19] flowers in December and from April to August, and has red to deep orange or yellow flowers, with a yellow style.[20][21]
Grevillea wickhamii subsp. pallida Makinson[22] flowers in December and from May to June, and has lemon yellow flowers, with a pale yellow style.[23][24]
Grevillea wickhamii Meisn. subsp. wickhamii[25] flowers from April to August, and has red flowers, with a yellow style.[26][27]
Distribution and habitat
Wickham's grevillea is widespread in northern Western Australia, in inland regions of the Northern Territory and in western Queensland.[2][4]
Subspecies aprica grows in open woodland or spinifex communities mainly from south of the Kimberley, in the northern Territory south from Larrimah, and in a few locations in western Queensland.[10][11][12]
Subspecies cratista is only known from the Bungle Bungle Range where it grows in rocky places in grassy woodland.[14][15]
Subspecies macrodonta grows in low, open woodland and shrubland on low hills and rocky places in north-western Western Australia, in near-coastal areas between Broome and Goldsworthy, and east to Derby, in the Central Kimberley, Dampierland, Great Sandy Desert and Pilbara bioregions.[20][21]
Subspecies pallida is only known from near the tidal limit of the Prince Regent River where it grows in woodland near creeks.[23][24]
Subspecies wickhamii grows in open shrubland on sandstone and quartzite outcrops and on the edge of plateaux in the Central Kimberley, Dampierland, Great Sandy Desert, Northern Kimberley bioregions of northern Western Australia.[26][27]
^ ab"Grevillea wickhamii". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment: Canberra. Retrieved 19 April 2023.
^Wrigley, John W.; Fagg, Murray A. (1991). Banksias, waratahs & grevilleas : and all other plants in the Australian Proteaceae family. North Ryde, NSW, Australia: Angus & Robertson. p. 349. ISBN0207172773.
^Sharr, Francis Aubi; George, Alex (2019). Western Australian Plant Names and Their Meanings (3rd ed.). Kardinya, WA: Four Gables Press. p. 339. ISBN9780958034180.
^ ab"Grevillea wickhamii subsp. aprica". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment: Canberra. Retrieved 19 April 2023.
^ ab"Grevillea wickhamii subsp. cratista". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment: Canberra. Retrieved 19 April 2023.
^ ab"Grevillea wickhamii subsp. hispidula". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment: Canberra. Retrieved 19 April 2023.
^ ab"Grevillea wickhamii subsp. macrodonta". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment: Canberra. Retrieved 19 April 2023.
^ ab"Grevillea wickhamii subsp. pallida". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment: Canberra. Retrieved 19 April 2023.
^ ab"Grevillea wickhamii subsp. wickhamii". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment: Canberra. Retrieved 19 April 2023.