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Granma Province
Granma Province
Province of Cuba
	Oriental Province of Granma
	Coat of arms
Country	Cuba
Capital	Bayamo
Government
• Vice-President	Yanetsy Terry Gutiérrez
Area
• Total	8,376.79 km2 (3,234.30 sq mi)
Population (2014)
• Total	1,001,678
• Density	120/km2 (310/sq mi)
Demonym(s)	Granmanese, -a
Time zone	UTC-5 (EST)
Area code	+53-023
HDI (2019)	0.756; high · 15th of 16
Website	https://www.degranma.gob.cu/es/

Granma is one of the provinces of Cuba. Its capital is Bayamo. Other towns include Manzanillo (a port on the Gulf of Guacanayabo) and Pilón.

History

The province takes its name from the yacht Granma, used by Che Guevara and Fidel Castro to land in Cuba with 82 guerrillas on December 2, 1956; until 1976 the area formed part of the larger Oriente Province. The American who sold the guerillas the secondhand yacht in Mexico apparently had named it "Granma" ("Granma", more usually "Grandma", is an affectionate term for a grandmother) after his grandmother.^[3] The name of the vessel became an icon for Cuban communism.

The province is full of reminders of the Cuban Revolution, and of the Cuban Wars of Independence; plaques in the mountain commemorate the 1959 struggle against Fulgencio Batista. Other sites, unmarked, include archaeological digs, the sites of several palenques, and the fortified hamlets of escaped slaves. In 2005 Hurricane Dennis destroyed the site of Castro's headquarters at La Plata. There are numerous abandoned gold, silver, and manganese mine sites.

At the 2018 parliamentary election, Granma was the province with the highest proportion of votes recorded for the full list.^[4]

On 12 April 2020, Veguitas, a town in Gramna Province, recorded a temperature of 39.7 °C (103.5 °F). This is the highest temperature to have ever been recorded in Cuba.^[5]

Economy

The majority of the revenue comes from coffee grown in the forested and mountainous regions of the province. During the coffee harvest soldiers may set up roadblocks to ensure the delivery of the coffee to the government and not to the black market.^{[citation needed]}

Municipalities

Municipality	Population (2004)	Area (km²)	Location	Remarks
Bartolomé Masó	53,024	629	20°10′7″N 76°56′33″W / 20.16861°N 76.94250°W / 20.16861; -76.94250 (Bartolomé Masó)
Bayamo	222,118	918	20°22′54″N 76°38′33″W / 20.38167°N 76.64250°W / 20.38167; -76.64250 (Bayamo)	Provincial capital
Buey Arriba	31,327	452	20°10′25″N 76°44′57″W / 20.17361°N 76.74917°W / 20.17361; -76.74917 (Buey Arriba)
Campechuela	46,092	577	20°14′0″N 77°16′44″W / 20.23333°N 77.27889°W / 20.23333; -77.27889 (Campechuela)
Cauto Cristo	21,159	550	20°33′44″N 76°28′10″W / 20.56222°N 76.46944°W / 20.56222; -76.46944 (Cauto Cristo)
Guisa	50,923	596	20°15′40″N 76°32′17″W / 20.26111°N 76.53806°W / 20.26111; -76.53806 (Guisa)
Jiguaní	60,320	646	20°22′24″N 76°25′20″W / 20.37333°N 76.42222°W / 20.37333; -76.42222 (Xiguaní)
Manzanillo	130,789	498	20°20′23″N 77°06′31″W / 20.33972°N 77.10861°W / 20.33972; -77.10861 (Manzanillo)
Media Luna	35,330	376	20°08′40″N 77°26′10″W / 20.14444°N 77.43611°W / 20.14444; -77.43611 (Media Luna)
Niquero	41,252	582	20°02′50″N 77°34′41″W / 20.04722°N 77.57806°W / 20.04722; -77.57806 (Niquero)
Pilón	29,751	462	19°54′20″N 77°19′15″W / 19.90556°N 77.32083°W / 19.90556; -77.32083 (Pilón)
Río Cauto	47,833	1,500	20°33′50″N 76°55′2″W / 20.56389°N 76.91722°W / 20.56389; -76.91722 (Río Cauto)
Yara	59,415	576	20°16′37″N 76°56′49″W / 20.27694°N 76.94694°W / 20.27694; -76.94694 (Yara)

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Source: Population from 2004 Census.^[6] Area from 1976 municipal re-distribution.^[7]

Demographics

In 2004, the province of Granma had a population of 829,333.^[6] With a total area of 8,375.49 km² (3,233.79 sq mi),^[8] the province had a population density of 99.0/km² (256/sq mi).

References

^ ^a ^b "Lugar que ocupa el territorio según la superficie y la población" (PDF). Una MIRADA a Cuba (in Spanish). Oficina Nacional de Estadísticas. Cuba. 2010.
^ "Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab". hdi.globaldatalab.org. Retrieved 2022-01-24.
^ The Independent. At home with Castro: Cuba's 'maximum chief' Archived 2006-08-21 at the Wayback Machine
^ "Archived copy" (PDF). www.granma.cu. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 April 2018. Retrieved 11 January 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
^ "State of the Global Climate 2020". World Meteorological Organization. Retrieved 5 November 2021.
^ ^a ^b Atenas.cu (2004). "2004 Population trends, by Province and Municipality" (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 2007-09-27. Retrieved 2007-10-02.
^ Statoids (July 2003). "Municipios of Cuba". Retrieved 2007-10-06.
^ Government of Cuba (2002). "Population by Province" (in Spanish). Retrieved 2007-10-02.