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Gertse County
Gertse County
Chinese name
Simplified Chinese	改则县
Traditional Chinese	改則縣
Hanyu Pinyin
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin	Gǎizé Xiàn
Tibetan name
Tibetan	སྒེར་རྩེ་རྫོང་།
Wylie
Transcriptions
Wylie	sger rtse rdzong
THL	ger tsé dzong
Tibetan Pinyin	Gêrzê Zong

Gertse County

སྒེར་རྩེ་རྫོང་། • 改则县
Gêrzê, Gaize, Kai-tse
Gertse County སྒེར་རྩེ་རྫོང་། • 改则县 Gêrzê, Gaize, Kai-tse
County
	Tong Tso
	Map showing Gêrzê County (purple, upper right) in Ngari Prefecture
	Location of Gêrzê County (red) within Ngari Prefecture (yellow) and the Tibet A.R.
	Gêrzê Location of the seat in the Tibet A.R. Gêrzê Gêrzê (Tibet) Gêrzê Gêrzê (China)
	Coordinates: 33°45′53″N 84°07′22″E / 33.76472°N 84.12278°E
Country	China
Autonomous region	Tibet
Prefecture	Ngari
Established date	October 1960
County seat	Gêrzê
Township-level divisions	1 town, 6 townships
Area
• Total	135,025 km2 (52,133 sq mi)
Elevation	over 4,500 m (over 14,800 ft)
Population (2020)
• Total	25,327
• Density	0.19/km2 (0.49/sq mi)
Ethnic groups
• Major ethnic groups	Tibetan
Time zone	UTC+8 (China Standard)
Postal code	859200
Website	gz.al.gov.cn (in Chinese)

Gertse County^[8] (Tibetan: སྒེར་རྩེ་རྫོང་།), Gêrzê County^[7]^[9]^[10]^[11] or Gaize County (Chinese: 改则县)^[12] is a county located in Ngari Prefecture in the northwest of the Tibet Autonomous Region, China, bordering Xinjiang to the north.^[3]

Name

Gêrzê is the Tibetan word for a special type of local-style dwelling built on the peak of a mountain.^[1]

History

The area was originally inhabited by nomadic tribes.^[3]

In the aftermath of the annexation of Tibet by the People's Republic of China in the early 1950s, People's Liberation Army troops were stationed in Gêrzê.^[13]

On May 3, 1960, the Gêrzê County Committee of the Chinese Communist Party was established. On October 1, 1960, the Gêrzê County government was established.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]

At 2:01 AM on February 21, 2020, a 5.0 magnitude earthquake struck in Gêrzê County (epicenter: 34°34′N 85°41′E / 34.56°N 85.68°E / 34.56; 85.68).^[14]

At 2:12 AM on March 10, 2020, a 5.0 magnitude earthquake struck in Gêrzê County (epicenter: 32°50′N 85°31′E / 32.84°N 85.52°E / 32.84; 85.52) followed by a 3.7 magnitude and a 3.4 magnitude aftershock. No casualties were reported.^[5]

On May 8, 2020, eight suspects were arrested and eighty-nine antelope skins were confiscated in connection with reported Tibetan antelope poaching in the county.^[15]

Geography

Gêrzê County is bordered to the north by Keriya County (Yutian) in Hotan Prefecture (Hetian), Xinjiang and to the west by Rutog County.^[16] There are numerous lakes in Gêrzê County including Tong Tso. Thermal springs in Gêrzê County include Lugu^[10] (70 °C; 33°24′24″N 84°08′12″E / 33.40667°N 84.13667°E / 33.40667; 84.13667; altitude 4,528 m (14,856 ft)), Nagezhong (60 °C; 32°18′N 84°12′E / 32.300°N 84.200°E / 32.300; 84.200; altitude 4,550 m (14,930 ft)) and Yarlhaingari (60 °C; 33°00′48″N 86°01′36″E / 33.01333°N 86.02667°E / 33.01333; 86.02667; altitude 4,880 m (16,010 ft)).^[17]

Climate

Gêrzê County has a cold semi-arid climate (Köppen climate classification: BSk), with strong dry-winter subarctic climate tendencies (Köppen: Dwc).

Climate data for Gêrzê, elevation 4,279 m (14,039 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010)
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Record high °C (°F)	8.3 (46.9)	10.5 (50.9)	14.5 (58.1)	15.9 (60.6)	22.0 (71.6)	26.1 (79.0)	27.6 (81.7)	25.0 (77.0)	22.6 (72.7)	17.2 (63.0)	12.9 (55.2)	8.3 (46.9)	27.6 (81.7)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	−2.7 (27.1)	−0.3 (31.5)	3.8 (38.8)	8.5 (47.3)	13.0 (55.4)	18.2 (64.8)	20.4 (68.7)	18.6 (65.5)	16.2 (61.2)	8.6 (47.5)	3.3 (37.9)	−0.5 (31.1)	8.9 (48.1)
Daily mean °C (°F)	−11.1 (12.0)	−8.2 (17.2)	−4.1 (24.6)	0.7 (33.3)	5.2 (41.4)	10.5 (50.9)	13.2 (55.8)	11.9 (53.4)	9.1 (48.4)	0.6 (33.1)	−5.8 (21.6)	−9.9 (14.2)	1.0 (33.8)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	−20.3 (−4.5)	−17.6 (0.3)	−13.4 (7.9)	−7.9 (17.8)	−2.7 (27.1)	3.1 (37.6)	6.7 (44.1)	6.2 (43.2)	2.1 (35.8)	−7.5 (18.5)	−14.6 (5.7)	−19.2 (−2.6)	−7.1 (19.2)
Record low °C (°F)	−44.0 (−47.2)	−42.4 (−44.3)	−32.1 (−25.8)	−20.0 (−4.0)	−15.7 (3.7)	−9.2 (15.4)	−3.3 (26.1)	−3.6 (25.5)	−9.5 (14.9)	−23.5 (−10.3)	−34.9 (−30.8)	−44.6 (−48.3)	−44.6 (−48.3)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	0.9 (0.04)	0.6 (0.02)	1.1 (0.04)	2.2 (0.09)	8.3 (0.33)	25.1 (0.99)	61.8 (2.43)	71.6 (2.82)	21.5 (0.85)	3.7 (0.15)	0.7 (0.03)	0.2 (0.01)	197.7 (7.8)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm)	1.4	1.0	1.6	1.9	3.9	7.3	13.6	15.4	6.7	1.6	0.7	0.5	55.6
Average snowy days	3.8	3.3	4.2	4.7	7.8	4.2	0.7	0.4	2.5	2.9	1.5	1.4	37.4
Average relative humidity (%)	72	71	69	69	71	71	66	63	77	85	84	81	73
Mean monthly sunshine hours	232.4	222.9	258.2	271.1	305.2	303.0	284.1	257.4	280.4	295.7	260.1	253.0	3,223.5
Percent possible sunshine	72	71	69	69	71	71	66	63	77	85	84	81	73
Source: China Meteorological Administration^[18]^[19]

Administrative divisions

Gêrzê county is divided into 1 town and 6 townships:^[4]^[20]^[2]

Name	Chinese	Hanyu Pinyin	Tibetan	Wylie
Town
Gêrzê Town	改则镇	Gǎizé zhèn	སྒེར་རྩེ་གྲོང་རྡལ།	sger rtse grong rdal
Townships
Oma Township^[10]	物玛乡	Wùmǎ xiāng	འོ་མ་ཤང་།	'o ma shang
Shenchen Township	先遣乡	Xiānqiǎn xiāng	ཤན་ཆེན་ཤང་།	shan chen shang
Marmê Township	麻米乡	Mámǐ xiāng	མར་མེ་ཤང་།	mar me shang
Dongco Township	洞措乡	Dòngcuò xiāng	སྟོང་མཚོ་ཤང་།	stong mtsho shang
Gomo Township^[10]	古姆乡	Gǔmǔ xiāng	ཁྲ་མདོངས་ཤང་།	kra mdongs shang
Chabug Township	察布乡	Chábù xiāng	བྲག་པོ་ཤང་།	brag po shang

Demographics

Historical population
Year	Pop.	±% p.a.
2000	17,502	—
2010	22,177	+2.40%
^[4]

As of 1996^[update], the residents of the county were Tibetan.^[4] In 1999, the population of the county was 16,623.^[21]

Economy

The main economic activity in Gêrzê County is animal husbandry^[5] which includes the raising of yak, dzo, sheep, goats, and horses. The county also has wild yak, wild donkeys, wild sheep, bears and Tibetan antelope.^[3]

Transportation

Nagqu–Ngari Highway (黑阿公路)^[3]

Historical maps

Historical maps including Gêrzê:

Map of the expeditions of Sven Hedin (1906–8) including the modern-day Gêrzê County area (RGS, early 20th century)
Map including Gêrzê (labeled as Kai-tse) (DMA, 1975)
Map including Gêrzê (Kai-tse) (DMA, 1980)
Map of the Gêrzê area (DMA, 1990)

Maps of the modern-day Gêrzê County area, 1970s

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e 地区经济司 (30 November 2017). 西藏自治区阿里地区改则县. National Development and Reform Commission (in Simplified Chinese). Archived from the original on 25 May 2020. Retrieved 25 May 2020 – via Internet Archive. 改则县隶属阿里地区，全县总面积135025平方公里，辖1镇6乡。2015年总人口46930人。
"改则"藏语意为"特殊的民居建于山顶"。1960年，设立改则县。
^ ^a ^b ^c 改则县大事记. 阿里地区改则县人民政府 (in Simplified Chinese). 19 March 2015. Retrieved 25 May 2020. ５月３日，中共改则县委员会在门董成立，{...}１０月１日，改则县人民政府在门董成立，{...}９月，改则县撤区并乡工作结束。撤区并乡后，改则县行政区调整为６乡１镇、７４个行政村、１个居委会。
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g 夏征农; 陈至立, eds. (September 2009). 辞海：第六版彩图本 [Cihai (Sixth Edition in Color)] (in Chinese). 上海. Shanghai: 上海辞书出版社. Shanghai Lexicographical Publishing House. p. 665. ISBN 978-7-5326-2859-9.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f 日土县历史沿革 [Gêrzê County Historical Development] (in Simplified Chinese). XZQH.org. 5 April 2016. Retrieved 25 May 2019. 2000年第五次人口普查，改则县常住总人口17502人，其中{...}2010年第六次人口普查，改则县常住总人口22177人，其中，改则镇5072人，物玛乡2315人，先遣乡1825人，麻米乡4363人，洞措乡2571人，古姆乡2312人，察布乡3719人。
^ ^a ^b ^c huaxia, ed. (10 March 2020). "No casualties reported from Tibet earthquakes". Xinhua News Agency. Archived from the original on May 24, 2020. Retrieved 25 May 2020.
^ "阿里地区第七次全国人口普查主要数据公报" (in Chinese). Administrative Commission of Ngari Prefecture. 2021-06-10. Archived from the original on 2022-06-11. Retrieved 2023-08-19.
^ ^a ^b Wu Zhenhua 武振华, ed. (1996). 西藏地名 [Place Names of the Xizang Autonomous Region]. Beijing: 中国藏学出版社. p. 157. ISBN 7-80057-284-6. 改则 སྒེར་རྩེ Gêrzê 邮政编码：859200
^ Dorje, Gyurme (1999), Footprint Tibet Handbook with Bhutan (2nd ed.), Bath: Footprint Handbooks, p. 343, ISBN 0-8442-2190-2 – via archive.org
^ Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development (2010). 建筑抗震设计规范 [GB50011-2010: Code for Seismic Design of Buildings] (in English and Simplified Chinese). Beijing: China Architecture & Building Press. p. 198 – via Google Books. Gêrzê County
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Complete Atlas Of The World (3 ed.). Penguin Random House. 2016. p. 238 – via Internet Archive. Oma{...}Gêrzê{...}Lugu{...}Gomo
^ Gêrzê (Approved - N) at GEOnet Names Server, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency
^ Gaize Xian, geonames.org, retrieved 18 September 2022.
^ "Sixty Years Since Peaceful Liberation of Tibet". Beijing: Information Office of the State Council. 11 July 2011 – via Wikisource.
^ Mu Xuequan, ed. (21 February 2020). "5.0-magnitude quake hits Tibet: CENC". Xinhua News Agency. Archived from the original on May 24, 2020. Retrieved 25 May 2020.
^ "8 arrested for poaching Tibetan antelopes". Xinhua News Agency. 8 May 2020. Retrieved 25 May 2020.
^ Shixin Wang; Baolin Yang; Yi Zhou; Futao Wang; Rui Zhang; Qing Zhao (2018). "Snow Cover Mapping and Ice Avalanche Monitoring from the Satellite Data of the Sentinels". International Archives of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences. 42 (3): 1766. Bibcode:2018ISPAr42.3.1765W. doi:10.5194/ISPRS-ARCHIVES-XLII-3-1765-2018. S2CID 59056188.
^ Zhijie Liao (2018). Thermal Springs and Geothermal Energy in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and the Surroundings. Higher Education Press. p. 83. ISBN 978-981-10-3485-5 – via Google Books.
^ 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 27 August 2023.
^ "Experience Template" 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 27 August 2023.
^ 2019年统计用区划代码和城乡划分代码：改则县 [2019 Statistical Area Numbers and Rural-Urban Area Numbers: Gêrzê County] (in Simplified Chinese). National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China. 2019. Retrieved 25 May 2019. 统计用区划代码名称 542526100000 改则镇 542526200000 物玛乡 542526201000 先遣乡 542526202000 麻米乡 542526203000 洞措乡 542526204000 古姆乡 542526205000 察布乡
^ Berman, Lex (2017-03-17). "China Population by County (1999)". Harvard Dataverse. doi:10.7910/dvn/eoh3fv. Retrieved 2018-04-28.