Born in Woodruff, Wisconsin, Boileau graduated from Minocqua High School and served in the United States Army, in France, during World War I. He enlisted as a private February 25, 1918 and was honorably discharged as a corporal on July 16, 1919. Boileau graduated from Marquette University Law School, in 1922, and was subsequently admitted to the bar.
He married Monica McKeon on August 25, 1925, in Superior, Wisconsin. They had two daughters, Nancy and Mary.[1]
He returned to Marathon County and became district attorney in 1926, a position he held until his election to Congress in 1930. Boileau was first elected a Republican to the Seventy-second United States Congress as the representative of Wisconsin's 8th congressional district. For his next term he redistricted to Wisconsin's 7th district and was reelected to the Seventy-third Congress. He was then reelected to the Seventy-fourth and Seventy-fifth Congress but ran as a member of the Wisconsin Progressive Party still representing Wisconsin's 7th district. After his defeat for reelection in 1938, he returned to Wausau, Wisconsin to practice law. He soon after returned to public service as a circuit judge, a position he held from 1942 to 1970 when he retired. He served one final public office, when he was appointed acting circuit judge in the Kenosha-based 1st circuit in 1972, due to the medical disability of judge M. Eugene Baker. He died in Wausau on January 30, 1981.[2] He was the last surviving man elected to Congress as a member of the Wisconsin Progressive Party.